NEEDHAM, Joseph Vol1 v2

NEEDHAM_JOSEPH_Vol1_v2

National Cataloguing Unit for the Archives of Contemporary Scientists Catalogue of papers and correspondence of JOSEPH NEEDHAM CH FRS (1900-1995) by Timothy E. Powell and Peter Harper VOLUME I Introduction Sections A - D University of Bath 1995 NCUACS 54/3/95 All rights reserved J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 The work of the National Cataloguing Unit for the Archives of Contemporary Scientists has been made possible by the support of the following societies and organisations: The Biochemical Society The British Library British Petroleum plc The Institute of Physics The Royal Society The Geological Society of London Gonville and Caius Coliege Cambridge The Wellcome Trust The Royal Society of Chemistry The Society of Chemical Industry J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 NOT ALL THE MATERIAL IN THIS COLLECTION MAY YET BE AVAILABLE FOR CONSULTATION. ENQUIRIES SHOULD BE ADDRESSED IN THE FIRST INSTANCE TO: THE KEEPER OF MANUSCRIPTS WEST ROAD CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY CAMBRIDGE J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 LIST OF CONTENTS GENERAL INTRODUCTION SECTION A BIOGRAPHICAL SECTION B CAMBRIDGE SECTION C SECTION D SINO-BRITISH SCIENCE COOPERATION OFFICE (SBSCO) UNITED NATIONS EDUCATIONAL, SCIENTIFIC AND CULTURAL ORGANISATION (UNESCO) SECTION E RESEARCH A.1-A.695 B.1-B.388 _C..1-C.166 D.1-D.365 E.1-E.193 SECTION G SECTION J F.1-F.450 G.1-G.123 H.1-H.130 SECTION H VISITS AND CONFERENCES SECTION F PUBLICATIONS SECTION K POLITICS LECTURES AND BROADCASTS SOCIETIES AND ORGANISATIONS INDEX OF CORRESPONDENTS SECTION M CORRESPONDENCE SECTION L RELIGION AND SOCIETY J.1-J.260 K.1-K.354 CONSPECTUS L.1-L.40 M.1-M.244 J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 GENERAL INTRODUCTION PROVENANCE The papers were received in September 1992 from Cambridge University Library. OUTLINE OF THE CAREER OF JOSEPH NEEDHAM Noel Joseph Terence Montgomery Needham (known as Joseph) was born in London on 9 December 1900, the son of Joseph Needham (1852-1920) and Alicia Adelaide Needham, née Montgomery (1863-ca.1940). His father was a London doctor specialising in anaesthetics and his mother achieved some fame as a pianist and composer of songs. Joseph Needham was educated at Oundle School 1914-1918 and Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge 1918-1922 where he studied for the Natural Sciences Tripos, specialising in physiology with biochemistry as a subsidiary subject. Needham then went on to postgraduate research in the Cambridge Biochemistry Department under Frederick Gowland Hopkins. a Benn Levy Studentship 1922-1924, studying the biochemistry of inositol. He was elected a Fellow of Gonville and Caius College in 1924 and in the same year married Dorothy Mary Moyle (1896-1987), a fellow researcher in the Department. Dorothy Needham was to become an eminent biochemist in her own right (FRS 1948). Needham was appointed University Demonstrator in Biochemistry in 1928 and in 1933 succeeded J.B.S. Haldane as Sir William Dunn Reader in Biochemistry. He held this post until 1966 when he became Master of Gonville and Caius College. He retired from the Mastership in 1976. held He Needham's early biochemical research focused on embryology. He studied the development of a complex and sophisticated organism with specialised organs from a single fertilised egg-cell. In his three volume book Chemical Embryology published in 1931, Needham explained embryological development as a chemical process, rejecting the view that such development was caused by an undefined vital spark. He then extended this work with research into various aspects of morphology, culminating in his 1942 book Biochemistry and Morphogenesis. As well as these two books, Needham produced three other major books on biochemistry and numerous scientific papers. lectures, likewise on philosophical, religious and political subjects in addition to those of purely He combined this high rate of productivity in biochemistry with a prolific output of articles on religious, political and philosophical subjects. Many of these were subsequently republished in Needham's four collections of articles and essays The sceptical biologist (1929), The Great Amphibium (1931), Time the refreshing river (1943) and History is on our side (1946). Needham also gave many J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 biochemical interest. Of particular note are the 1935 Terry Lectures on ‘Order and Life’ delivered at Yale University, and his Herbert Spencer lecture ‘Integrative levels; a revaluation of the idea of Progress’ at Oxford, May 1937. As well as his contributions to the development of biochemistry in Cambridge Needham was an important figure in the establishment of the history of science as an academic discipline at Cambridge. He was a founder member of the History of Science Lectures Committee in 1936 which set up a programme of lectures in the history of science, featuring some of the greatest scientists of the time - including Barcroft, W.H. Bragg, Haldane, Eddington, Hopkins and Rutherford - lecturing on the history of their disciplines. After the Second World War he served on the History of Science Committee and the History and Philosophy of Science Committee until 1971. Needham was also a leading figure in the International Union of the History and Philosophy of Science. He served on the Council of the Division of the History of Science 1969-1977 (President 1972-1974) and was President of the Union 1972-1975. Needham's interest in China was awakened by Chinese students at Cambridge from the mid 1930s. He began to leam Mandarin Chinese and study Chinese history, particularly the Chinese contribution to science which he believed had been overlooked by western historians. Needham also became an enthusiastic supporter of British academic assistance to Chinese universities. Joseph and Dorothy Needham volunteered to go to China to help in reconstruction of academic science there. The outbreak of war in Europe set back their plans but in 1942 Needham went to China as Head of the British Scientific Mission and later Scientific Counsellor to H.B.M. Embassy at Chungking (then the ‘acting-capital' of China). He also acted as advisor to various arms of the Chinese government and military. Under the auspices of the British Council Needham established the Sino-British Science Cooperation Office (SBSCO). The SBSCO was responsible for assessing the needs of Chinese scientific, technological and medical institutions and researchers, and facilitating the supply of equipment and medicines, books and journals to China. Needham was Director of the SBSCO and Dorothy Needham was Associate Director. UNESCO. He served for two years. The success of the SBSCO was the immediate inspiration for Needham's vision of postwar international science co-operation. With the form of the future United Nations organisation under intense discussion Needham sent three memoranda to a wide range of political and scientific leaders pressing for the inclusion of scientific co-operation under its auspices. He argued that the proposed United Nations Educational and Cultural Organisation should include science within its remit and he may have been the first to use the abbreviation 'UNESCO'. It was appropriate that in 1946 when Needham left the SBSCO he was appointed the first Director of the Section of Natural Sciences of J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 On his return to Cambridge in 1948 Needham began work on his new project - a history of the contribution of China to science and civilisation. This monumental work was to occupy Needham for most of the rest of his life; the first volume of Science and Civilisation in China appeared in 1954 and by his death it had run to sixteen volumes. Among those Chinese students who had first encouraged Needham's interest in China was Lu Gwei-Djen, a research student studying under Dorothy Needham in the late 1930s. The Needhams became close friends with Lu and their careers came together again when she returned to Cambridge in 1957 to assist Needham in this work. This immense work of scholarship found a permanent home with the later establishment in Cambridge of the Needham Research Institute as a centre for research on Chinese science. Needham's interest in Chinese civilisation led to his appointment in 1949 to the University Faculty Board of Oriental Languages (later Oriental Studies). Needham's political sympathies lay very much with the Left. He was a member of the Labour Party and in the 1930s served on the executive committee of the university branch. Needham was on the left of the party and from 1933 was Chairman of the Cambridge branch of the Socialist League. This was dissolved in 1937 following its expulsion from Labour Party for launching a ‘Unity Manifesto’ with the Independent Labour and Communist parties. In the 1930s Needham was also an active member of the Cambridge Scientists Anti-War Group, which campaigned against militarism and played an important part in securing better air raid precautions by illustrating the inadequacies of government preparations. From 1937 to 1939 Needham served as Treasurer of the Cornford-Maclaurin Memorial Committee. This was established in memory of two Cambridge men killed fighting with the International Brigade to raise funds for the republican cause in Spain. On the outbreak of the Second World War, Needham participated in discussions among Communist Party members and others on the Left as to whether they should support the British war effort. After the German attack on the USSR in 1941 Needham was active in promoting Anglo-Soviet friendship until his departure for China. Needham was also much After the war Needham supported peace and disarmament campaigns. His strong sympathies for China led to his being a founder of the Britain-China Friendship Association, of which he was President, and its successor the Society for Anglo-Chinese Understanding, of which he was Chairman. In 1952 Needham served on an intemational scientific commission investigating alleged Amercian use of bacteriological weapons in North Korea and China. The commission's report concluded that the US had indeed been using such weapons and this led to intense criticism of Needham in the UK. Needham opposed the Vietnam war and this led him to refuse invitations to conferences or to lecture in the USA during the 1960s and early 1970s. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 concerned for human rights and civil liberties, both at home and abroad, and believed strongly in the social responsibility of the scientist. Needham was a religious man. From his student days he was a high church Anglican but combined this with a commitment to social justice. In the 1930s Needham was active in propagating a highly political Christianity emphasising its closeness to Marxism. He was a member of the ad hoc editorial board behind the controversial book Christianity and the social revolution (1935), to which he also contributed a chapter ‘Laud, the Levellers and the Virtuosi'. This and writings such as The Levellers and the English revolution (1939), published under the name ‘Henry Holorenshaw’, linked radical Christianity of the seventeenth century with the politics of the twentieth century. In later years Needham was drawn to Daoism, which he believed offered hope of reconciliation between science and religion. This concern also led to his Presidency of the Teilhard de Chardin Centre for the Future of Mankind. His religious outlook notwithstanding, Needham was also an Honorary Associate of the Rationalist Press Association. Needham was elected to the Fellowship of the Royal Society in 1941 and in 1971 elected a Fellow of the British Academy, thus becoming one of very few to attain this double distinction. In 1992 he was appointed a Companion of Honour. He also held many honorary Chairs, fellowships and doctorates worldwide. Needham died in 1995, outliving both Dorothy Needham, who died in 1987, and his second wife Lu Gwei-Djen, whom he had married in 1989 but who died in 1991. DESCRIPTION OF THE COLLECTION The material is presented in the order given in the List of Contents. The collection is very extensive and includes important records of Needham's family background, his career as a biochemist, his work with the Sino-British Science Cooperation Office and UNESCO, and his political and religious interests. in 1941. Section A, Biographical, is the largest in the collection. Needham's childhood and school-days are represented chiefly by correspondence with his parents. His period as an undergraduate and postgraduate at Cambridge is documented by correspondence with his mother and material concerning his religious activities, including his membership of the Oratory of the Good Shepherd and the Guild of St Luke and some of his religious writings. Needham's later career is less well documented, although there is material relating to his election to the Fellowship of the Royal Society J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 The largest component of the section is the papers of his mother, Alicia Adelaide Needham, which were inherited by Joseph Needham on her death. These include her autobiography ‘A Daughter of Music’, her diaries covering the period 1879-1924, a long sequence of her musical compositions (many of which were published) together with other material relating to her career as pianist and composer, and an extensive correspondence 1877-1921. In addition there is a little material relating to Needham's father and maternal grandfather. Family material also includes papers relating to Needham's cousin Elizabeth Montgomery Wilson, a nurse who served in the 1899-1902 South African War. The papers include photographs, letters and memorabilia from her time in South Africa. The section also documents some of the trades union and charitable bodies with which Needham was associated, social engagements and functions (many at Cambridge 1919-1937), and family and personal finance 1933-1959. Section B, Cambridge, includes documentation of the Department of Biochemistry, general University matters, the development of history of science at Cambridge, the Faculty of Oriental Studies and Gonville and Caius College. The bulk of the material relates to the Department of Biochemistry. This is chiefly syllabuses, bibliographical references, notes on the literature, annotated offprints etc used for Needham’s lectures on biochemistry to postgraduates in the 1950s and 1960s. There is also significant material regarding the funding of research in the Department, 1925-1943, and visitors to the Department. Also of interest is correspondence and papers relating to Needham's contribution to the co-ordination of wartime biological and biochemical research in Cambridge. This includes papers of the Biochemistry Subcommittee of the Advisory Research Council of the Chemical Society and the Biology War Committee, set up to continue the co-ordination of research. The documentation of Needham's role in the establishment of the history and philosophy of science as an academic discipline in Cambridge University includes papers from the History of Science Lectures Committee 1936-1937 and, postwar, the History of Science Committee and the History and Philosophy of Science Committee. delivered in association with his visits to various institutions, detailed reports of travels within China Section C, Sino-British Science Cooperation Office (SBSCO), includes correspondence on the origins of the China mission, chiefly relating to the Needhams' support for Chinese academics and students 1939-1942 and arrangements for Needham's journey to China in 1942, and correspondence from Needham's time in China and later correspondence arising from the contacts he made while in China. There are also Needham’s manuscript notes on his visits to scientific, medical, industrial and educational institutions throughout China, manuscript and typescript drafts for lectures - frequently J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 for the British Council, and publications arising from his work, including accounts for Nature and material relating to his book Science Outpost in which he described the work of the SBSCO. Section D, United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO), documents Needham's role in the establishment of UNESCO and his Directorship of the Section of Natural Sciences. From an early date Needham kept material he believed would be of historical significance, particularly those papers relating to his three memoranda on the establishment of international science co-operation and the creation of UNESCO. The largest component is material relating to the Section of Natural Sciences 1946-1948. There are also papers from meetings of the UNESCO General Conference, administrative papers and correspondence from the UNESCO Executive, and papers relating to the project for a Scientific and Cultural History of Mankind. The section also includes papers of the British Committee for Co-operation with UNESCO in the Natural Sciences. Section E, Undergraduate and research work, presents a record of Needham's work in biochemistry and embryology from undergraduate notes and essays, postgraduate studies and research in embryology and morphology in the 1920s and 1930s, to research completed just before his departure for China in 1942. There are notebooks used for undergraduate notes on lectures by many leading Cambridge scientists including Hopkins, H. Hartridge, R.A. Peters and Barcroft, notebooks used during long vacation courses, and notebooks covering research from 1921 to 1943. The research notebooks are particularly striking for the high quality of information they present. The entries usually identify the nature of the experiment and its date and are often annotated with remarks on why the results of particular experiments were not as expected, what might have gone wrong and how this might be remedied. The section also includes undergraduate and postgraduate lecture notes, notes on the literature, and research material 1924-1942. The research material was mostly found in Needham's folders with a note of the subject inscribed thereon. The notes, bibliographical references, offprints and correspondence found in these folders may cover a period of many years, reflecting Needham's continuing interest in all aspects of research into embryology and morphology. and The Levellers and the English revolution (1939), which was published under the name ‘Henry chiefly relates to Needham's pre-war and wartime Included in the section are not only drafts of many of his scientific papers and books but also writings on A number of his more scientific works are particularly well-documented. These include his philosophical monograph Man a Machine (1927) philosophical, religious and political themes. and his two most significant biochemistry books Chemical Embryology (1931) and Biochemistry and Morphogenesis (1942). Among Needham's political writings represented are his article ‘Laud, the Levellers and the Virtuosi', published in Christianity and the social revolution (1935), publications. Section F, Publications, is extensive but J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Holorenshaw'. There is also good documentation of the books The sceptical biologist. (1929), The Nazi Attack on International Science (1941), Science in Soviet Russia (1942), and his two final collections of articles Time the refreshing river and History is on our side, published in 1943 and 1946 respectively. Needham’s later publications represented include his paper ‘History and Human Values: a Chinese perspective for world science and technology’, published in the Centennial Review and subsequently in The radicalisation of science. Ideology of/in the natural sciences (1976) edited by S.P.R. and H. Rose. The section also includes a number of Needham's translations of Polish and Chinese texts, including Green Thraldom by Tang Pei-Sung (1949), extensive editorial correspondence, including requests to write articles or books, and an incomplete set of Needham's offprints. Section G, Lectures and broadcasts, presents some of Needham's public and invitation lectures delivered on scientific, philosophical, political and religious subjects 1921-1977. There is also a little material relating to broadcasts. Among Needham's lectures documented here are the Terry Lectures on ‘Order and Life' at Yale University, 1935, the Herbert Spencer lecture on ‘Integrative levels', Oxford, 1937, the Schiff Foundation Lecture on 'The position of science in Europe today', delivered at Cornell University, October 1940, and his 1961 commemorative lecture on ‘The Life and Work of Sir Frederick Gowland Hopkins’ delivered at Cambridge. The section also includes invitations either declined or for which there is no evidence or acceptance, 1927-1974. Broadcasts material includes a BBC radio talk by Needham on ‘Recent advances in medical science’, broadcast from Glasgow, 19 August 1923. Section H, Visits and conferences, presents a chronological sequence of material relating to some of Needham's visits and conferences 1920-1984. It is similar to sections F and G in representing not only Needham's biochemical interests but also his political and religious concerns. Thus the section includes conferences of the Student Christian Movement held at Swanwick in Derbyshire in the 1920s and 1930s and the 1936 World Congress of Faiths. There is correspondence and papers relating to his visit to the USA in 1940, during which scientific engagements were combined with lectures on the position of science in Europe, with particular emphasis on the damage to scholarship caused by the Nazis. Also particularly well-documented are the 220th Anniversary of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, June 1945, the First International Congress of Biochemistry, Cambridge, August 1949, Needham's visit to the USA March - May 1950 as the Hitchcock Visiting Professor at the University of California, Berkeley, and the First Congress of Polish Science held in Warsaw, 1951. The sequence includes many invitations declined. From the late 1950s Needham declined many invitations, being occupied with his work on Science and Civilisation in China, and he also J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 refused to visit the USA during the period of American involvement in Vietnam as an expression of his disapproval of US government policy. Section J, is substantial. It Societies and organisations, brings together documentation of Needham's involvement with 44 British and international societies and organisations. However, the material relating to scientific societies is disappointing. Perhaps of most interest are papers of the Theoretical Biology Club, an informal gathering of biologists and others established by J.H. Woodger in 1932 to discuss philosophical implications of developments in the biological sciences, and papers from meetings of the Society of Experimental Biology and the Physiological Society. Needham's interest in the history of science is better documented in the papers of a number of organisations including the Académie Internationale d'Histoire des Sciences and the International Union for the History and his chairmanship of the Commission on the University of Ceylon in 1958, for which there is extensive documentation, and his support of the World Academy of Art and Science from its foundation in 1959. Other societies and organisations for which there is substantial material include the Louis Needham's international Philosophy of outlook is. illustrated by Science. Rapkine Memorial Fund Appeal and the British Society for Social Responsibility in Science. Section K, Politics, documents Needham's wide-ranging and active involvement in politics of the Left. Pre-war material includes documentation of the Labour Party in Cambridge in the mid-1930s, including Dorothy Needham's campaigns as a Labour candidate for Cambridge City Council in 1935 and 1936, and the Cambridge Scientists Anti-War Group. There are also comprehensive records of fund-raising for the Cornford-Maclaurin Memorial Committee, and notes of the discussions which took place among Cambridge Communists and sympathisers on the outbreak of the Second World War as to whether they should support the British war effort. Post-war documentation suggests Needham played a less active role in British political life. Most of this material relates to his support of peace and disarmament campaigns. rights abuses worldwide, reflected in papers of organisations such as Amnesty International. Needham's international outlook, naturally focused on China, is well-represented in the papers. After the establishment of the People's Republic in 1949 Needham was keen to strengthen links between the Peking government and the UK. Both the Britain-China Friendship Association and its successor organisation the Society for Anglo-Chinese Understanding are documented, especially the response of these organisations to the border dispute between India and China, the ideological conflict between China and the USSR and the Cultural Revolution. There is also material relating to the 1952 Intemational Scientific Commission investigating the alleged US use of bacteriological weapons in North Korea and China, opposition to the Vietnam war, and to Needham's concern about human J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 The section also includes material relating to Needham’s interest in civil liberties, academic freedom and the role of the scientist as political activist. Represented are organisations such as the Association of Scientific Workers, the National Council for Civil Liberties, the Society for Freedom in Science and the World Federation of Scientific Workers. There is also a little material on environmental causes, most notably the Anti Concorde Project 1967-1975. Section L, Religion and society, represents Needham's more religious and philosphical concerns. It includes documentation of his association with various religious (and humanist) organisations including the Oldham Group and the Teilhard Centre for the Future of Man, and religious and philosophical literature including tracts, sermons and offprints. Much of this is concerned with the relationship between science and religion. Section M, Correspondence, consists of a sequence of longer exchanges arranged alphabetically by correspondent, a sequence of shorter exchanges and single letters arranged chronologically and, for convenience, sequences of correspondence relating to China, Poland and the Soviet Union, and with British and international orientalists, kept together by Needham. Correspondents of particular note include Jean Brachet, the refugee German scientist J.K.F. Holtfreter, the Roumanian scientist Basile Marza, C.H. Waddington and J.H. Woodger, founder of the Theoretical Biology Club. The pre-war correspondence is chiefly incoming letters, there are few carbon copies or drafts of outgoing letters. Most of the The postwar correspondence has a higher proportion of letters relating to Needham's philosophical, political and religious concerns. relate to some aspect of Needham's scientific research. letters There is also a conspectus to the partial listing of Needham papers and correspondence compiled by It should be noted that there is extensive correspondence throughout the catalogue. Much of Needham's correspondence is to be found in other sections where it is retained with the material with which it was found. G. Werskey in 1968 and an index of correspondents. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 LOCATION OF OTHER MATERIAL Papers relating to Needham's work on Science and Civilisation in China are held at the Needham Research Institute, Sylvester Road, Cambridge. Needham’s papers and correspondence relating to chemical and biological warfare are deposited in the Department of Documents, Imperial War Museum, London. They are catalogued as NCUACS 55/4/95. The papers and correspondence of Dorothy Needham are deposited in the Library, Girton College, Cambridge. They are catalogued as NCUACS 22/7/90 and 37/5/92. Timothy E. Powell Peter Harper BATH 1995 J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 SECTION A BIOGRAPHICAL A.1 - A.695 BIOGRAPHICAL AND AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL A.19-A.43 CHILDHOOD A.44-A.83 UNDERGRADUATE AND POSTGRADUATE A.84-A.96 CAREER, HONOURS AND AWARDS A.97-A.641 FAMILY A.642-A.655 A.656-A.677 A.694, A.695 A.678-A.693 FINANCIAL SOCIAL ENGAGEMENTS AND INVITATIONS CLUBS, ASSOCIATIONS AND OTHER INTERESTS MISCELLANEOUS J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical BIOGRAPHICAL AND AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL Obituaries of Needham, 27 March 1995: The Times. Daily Telegraph. Guardian. Independent. With reminiscences, 29 and 30 March and 24 April 1995. Biographical notes ca.1936, ca.1947 (compiled for UNESCO Section of Natural Sciences) and 1948 (compiled for unidentified Chinese institution). Entry from Who's Who, 1995. Bibliographies. 1927, 1932. 1934, ca.1937. Typescript draft The Rebirth of Organic Form: an Organismic Paradigm in Twentieth Century Developmental Biology by D.J. Haraway (Yale, 1975) sent to Needham by the author. Paginated 155-225. 2 folders. both of which centred on the work of Needham. Witkowski researched into the history of biochemistry and embryology. He drafted papers on biochemical work on the evocator in the 1930s (at A.8) and on the Cambridge school of chemical embryology 1920-1942 (at A.9) The chapter describes the part Needham played in linking biochemistry with morphogenesis in the 1930s. ‘Joseph Needham, a great amphibian’. of chapter four of Correspondence with J.A. Witkowski, 1980-1986. 3 folders. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical Correspondence with H.F. Bradford, Honorary Archivist of the Biochemical Society, re videotaped interviews of Needham's recollections, 1986. A.11-A.13 A.14-A.17 Other philosophical reflections. requests for autobiographical information and_ historical or Correspondence 1972-1978. 13pp typescript of interview with Theresa Brennan about the historian Gordon Childe, 17 March 1977. Correspondence re J.H. Quastel, 1985, 1987. ‘The personal papers of Catalogue by Gary Werskey...August 1968'. and manuscript. 4 folders. Dr. Joseph Needham, F.R.S.: A Preliminary 89pp photocopied typescript A.19-A.29 Infancy CHILDHOOD Passport, 1935-1945. Includes travel permits enclosed at front. mother and son etc. Letters and telegrams of congratulations on birth, enquiries after health of Birth and Christening. A.30-A.43 Oundle School A.19-A.21 Infancy A.19 J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical Memorabilia from Christening, 28 February 1901, including telegrams of good wishes. Miscellaneous memorabilia. ‘Letters about Darling Little Baby'. Contents of envelope so inscribed divided into two for ease of reference. Correspondence from nurse to mother, reporting on the baby's welfare, July 1901. Miscellaneous memorabilia, including material 1902, 1903. A.24, A.25 Letters from nurse and maid to his mother (visiting Ireland), reporting on the baby's welfare, ca. April-May 1902. 2 folders. Letters from parents to Needham 1902-1906. Letters from parents to Needham 1907-1908. Early letters from Needham to his mother. Letter from Needham, on holiday in France, to father, 19 April 1913. Childhood drawings and other memorabilia. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Oundle School Biographical See E.1-E.4 for notebooks which include science notes from Oundle School. A.30-A.38 Correspondence between Needham at Oundle School, and parents, 1914- 1918. 1914. 1915 January, February. 1915 May. 1915 June, July. 1915 November. 1916 January - June. 1917, 1918. 1916 September - December. health, 1914-1917. Letters from staff at Oundle to Needham's parents, chiefly re Needham's J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical Hardback notebook inscribed on first pages alternately ‘History notes volume i’ and 'Vol. 3 (notes) History notes. Used Easter and Summer terms 1916. Not all pages used. Intercalated loose is duplicated manuscript French and Greek teaching material. Paginated 1-82, with index at back. From “The Black Death” to '. Essay on 'Roman Medicine’, 15pp manuscript. Manuscript essays on ‘My first operation’, 4pp, 20 January 1917; 'A true war memorial’, 4pp; ‘The king who fights his subjects fights himself’, 4pp; 2pp English essay; 4pp essay on D.W. Griffiths. Miscellaneous material from school years, including manuscript poems ‘The younger generation’, 15 May 1917; ‘Questions’, August 1917; and untitled. First World War A.44 A.45 UNDERGRADUATE AND POSTGRADUATE King's College London For undergraduate and postgraduate notebooks and notes see section E. Papers re service in Cambridge University Officer Training Corps, 1918; ration book. 1919-1920; manuscript notes on morbid anatomy. Timetable Zoology examination papers, June 1918; timetable for occasional student in Faculty of Medical Science, 1919-1920; calendar of advanced lectures in physiology, 1917-1918; annotated for Faculty of Science, J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical Gonville and Caius College Cambridge Academic Correspondence re admission to Gonville and Caius, 1918. Booklet of Previous Examination papers, October 1917, probably used in preparation for taking the examination in March 1918; annotated Previous Examination papers, March 1918. Examination papers for Preliminary Examination in science, 1918; Natural Sciences Tripos examination papers 1920, 1922: first page of essay on ‘Blood as a Tissue’, inscribed 'Caius Nat. Sci. Essay Prize 21.vi.'21'. List of College residents 1919; manuscript timetables; manuscript notes on work to be done; etc. His name was removed from Needham served at the Church during vacations. Church newsletters, calendars etc, 1920-1923. 3 folders. Religious societies Guild of St Luke. A.51-A.53 Church of the Holy Spirit, Clapham. Needham was admitted to the Guild in 1919. the membership list in 1936. Pocket manual; calendars; letter informing Needham of the removal of his name from the membership list, 11 November 1936. ae This was an Anglican fellowship established in 1913. Cambridge provided a semi-communal Anglo-Catholic environment. The headquarters in A.54-A.61 The Oratory of the Good Shepherd. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical Needham applied to join the Oratory as a probationer in 1920 and 1921, and was admitted as a novice from 1921. He was resident at Oratory House. Printed material 1915, 1916, 1919; application to reside in Oratory House and begin noviciate from October 1920: the confraternity and calendar; application to become a probationer and reside at Oratory House. list of Pocket notebook inscribed on first page 'O. G. S. Register of Rets and payments' September 1921 - 1923. Most pages not used. Hardback pocket notebook inscribed inside front cover '...Admitted to Noviciate, 10.ix.'21. Professed...' and on first page ‘Faults in the Rule of 0.G.S.'.. Used to record his own failings in performing the duties of the Oratory September 1921 - ?January 1922. Most pages not used. Hardback notepad inscribed on first page '..Retreat addresses'. texts of Needham's sermons given while on OGS annual retreat 1921. pocket at back are loose notes from OGS retreats 1920 and 1922. pages not used. Used for In Most including duplicated manuscript notes of Miscellaneous OGS papers, meeetings, calendars etc, 1921. Needham's manuscript notes on the Rule of the OGS and personal religious observances; 12pp manuscript draft ‘Apology for the Scientific Work of the Oratory' by Needham. Annual reports 1920-21 - 1940-41. Nota complete sequence. Correspondence from OGS members in Cambridge and overseas, March - May 1922 and miscellaneous OGS papers, duplicated manuscript notes of meeetings, etc, 1922, 1923, 1925. nd; including J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical Confraternity of the Holy Trinity. Needham was admitted as a member in October 1920. Pocket manual. Religious and literary writings A.63-A.67 Religious verse, notes on the religious life etc. A.63 Exercise book inscribed on front cover 'Sound' but used for ‘Abstracts of books bearing on the religious life’. Manuscript draft ?0f sermon on Epiphany. Poems: 'To the priests of ancient Egypt’; 'The Way’ ‘Lord of the World’. Responsive prayer. ‘Introit to be sung by the Medical procession of the Guild of St Luke in St Paul's Cathedral’; ‘Litany of Natural Science’; poem in honour of St Luke. Poems: ‘Agnosticism’; 'To D.A.'; 'To the Anglican branch of the Catholic Church’; 'The Song of Praise’; 'The Immortality of Matter': ‘Psalm’. ‘Coal tar’, March 1919. Poems: 'To the Order of Knights Templars’, one dated October 1918; 'On the Chemical Laboratories Cambridge Univ’, 28 December 1918'; ‘Labor Omnia Vincit', January 1919; untitled, December 1918 and January 1919; Miscellaneous untitled verse and manuscript notes. A.68-A.71 Other verse etc. A.68 J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical ‘The District Poems: Lion Square Kingsbury’, May 1919; 'The message [or call] of science’, May 1919; ‘From the Observatory’, June 1919; 'The call of Pan’, June 1919; 'Peace 1919', 1 July 1919; "The Labour Party in Palestine’, July 1919; 'A dream’, July 1919. The Power Station, railway Red Undated poems: 'The burden of medical science’; bacteriologist's department’; 'Traffic'; ‘Cui Bono?'; two untitled. dissecting-room'; song’; the ‘In 'The ‘In the hospital'; 'The anatomical ‘Shakespearian Fragment’, 4pp manuscript play; ‘The Drama. Modern’, 2pp typescript. Ancient and Correspondence with parents 1919-1923 1919. 1920 October. 1920 January - August. Needham's father died on 2 August 1920. Nearly all the correspondence is between Needham and his mother. Needham gives accounts of his daily routines, including his private studies, religious observances, and public and university lectures attended. Visits from his mother and financial concerns of the family also figure in the papers. 1921 January - March. 1920 December. 1920 November. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical 1921 April - November. 1922 January - April. 1922 May, July. H.1A. Includes correspondence re visit to Germany. See also 1922 October - December. CAREER, HONOURS AND AWARDS Payment for Demonstrating, 12 May 192[7]. Degree of Sc.D., Cambridge University, 1932. Grant from Worts Fund for October 1925. visit to Marine Biological Station, Roscoff, Application for Harrison Memorial Prize, November 1926. Letter from A.R. Moore re possible offer of post at Philadelphia, 1932. Application for Royal Society Smithson Research Fellowship, 1930. Includes accounts of scientific researches and bibliography. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical Readership in Biochemistry, 1936. Draft of letter to ?F.G. Hopkins re post of laboratory manager, 2 November 1939. A.89-A.93 Election to Fellowship of the Royal Society, 1941. A.89 Proposal for Election. Includes Needham's 'Memorandum on scientific work from 1923 to 1941' and list of publications. A.90-A.93 Letters of congratulation. 4 folders. A.90 A-E. T-Z, unidentified. Offer of CBE, 1946. Election to Membership, Royal Central Asian Society, 1947. comparative biochemistry, 1951. This was awarded to Needham by the Republic of China 'in recognition of his constant efforts in promoting good relations between China and Great Britain’. See also C.42, C.47. Award of Order of the Brilliant Star with Cravat, 1949. Invitation to lead Council research Agricultural Research group on J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical Invitation to become Patron of Cambridge University Graduate Society, 1970. Invitation to serve as President of British Society for the History of Science, 1972. Invitation to become Patron of the Needham Society, Royal Holloway and Bedford College, 1984. FAMILY A.97-A.601 Alicia Adelaide Needham (mother) A.602-A.611 Joseph Needham (father) A.622 Lu Gwei-Djen (second wife) A.623-A.636 Ireland family in Downpatrick. Alicia Adelaide Needham (mother) A.637-A.641 Photographs A.617-A.621 Dorothy Mary Moyle Needham (first wife) A.612-A.616 John W. Montgomery (maternal grandfather) Elizabeth A. Montgomery Wilson (cousin) ae) Alicia Adelaide Needham (née Montgomery) was born in Ireland in 1863 into a Church of Alicia Adelaide was an accomplished pianist and had a career as a music teacher. She graduated from the Royal Academy of Music in 1887 and became a Licentiate of the In 1892 she married Joseph Needham, a London doctor Academy in 1889. specialising in anaesthesia. They had one child, Noel Joseph Terence Montgomery Needham, born in 1900. The material presented here was kept by Mrs Alicia Adelaide Needham and passed to Joseph Needham on her death. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical Alicia Adelaide Needham continued to give piano recitals after her marriage and in 1893 she passed the examinations to the Associateship of the Royal College of Music. Although she had composed music before her marriage, some of which was performed, she made her reputation as a composer of songs after her marriage. Her first major success was with ‘An Irish Lullaby’ and other songs at public performances in 1896. Thereafter she was a prolific song-writer and very many of her compositions were published. Alicia Adelaide Needham was a frequent prize-winner at Ceoil' competitions for music with a Celtic theme. In 1902 she won the Earl of Mar's £100 prize for the best March composed in honour of the Coronation of Edward VII. She was the first woman President of the Royal National Eisteddfod of Wales and during the First World War she became the first woman to conduct at the Royal Albert Hall (the band of the Irish Guards). ‘Feis The material includes her autobiography 'A Daughter of Music’, her diaries covering the period 1879-1924, musical compositions and material relating to her career as pianist and a song-writer, and extensive correspondence 1877-1921, chiefly that of Alicia Adelaide Needham but also including letters of her husband (Joseph Needham). The marriage was not always happy and the marital difficulties are frequently reflected in the diaries and later correspondence. The material is presented as follows: A.97, A.98 A.418-A.464 A.597-A.601 A.465-A.596 Correspondence A.99-A.135 Diaries A.136-A.417 Musical career Autobiographical Notes and reflections Miscellaneous J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 ’ Biographical Autobiographical Alicia Adelaide Needham's autobiography, ‘A Daughter of Music’. 122pp typescript, with extensive manuscript corrections and additions. The autobiography records her life up to 1926 and concludes with an account of her visit to Italy in that year. Autobiographical account by Alicia Adelaide Needham in 'M.A.P..' magazine, March 1906, pp.276-277. Biographical account of Alicia Adelaide Needham by Eitne Ni Peadair in The Leader 23 no. 14 (April-May 1916), pp.277-278. Diaries diaries domestic Many of the diaries are in poor condition and, particularly those from 1917, are bulky with loose papers intercalated or with diary entries pasted or, more usually, material may include manuscript notes, entries torn from other (mostly pocket) diaries or written on loose scraps of paper, newspaper cuttings, letters and drafts of letters, and memorabilia. the volumes. Intercalated pinned into relationships, document family A sequence of Alicia Adelaide Needham's private diaries in varying formats. The arrangements, finances, health, emotional states, music, social activities and visits. There are also a number of notebooks used for diary style entries for short periods and particular purposes, such as foreign holidays and family illnesses. A.99 is a condensed chronicle from the diaries she kept in Downpatrick in Ireland before her marriage in 1892. 1895. Last entry 26 July. Loose papers enclosed. Notebook inscribed on first page 'Ada Montgomery Condensed Diary Private Downpatrick’ covering the period 1879-1891 and ‘The honeymoon with my own Doctor Darling August 1892". 1893. Loose papers enclosed inside front cover. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical 1895. Used from 27 July. 1896. Mrs J.W. Montgomery, in Downpatrick. Loose papers enclosed. Pasted at front of diary are newspaper reports of death of mother, Notebook used for diary of visit to France, August 1897. enclosed. Loose papers 1898. Loose papers enclosed. 1899. Loose papers enclosed. Notebook used for diary style entries for December [1900] and January 1901. Last entry is for 24 January. Loose papers enclosed including notes dated 2 August 1897 and pages tom from 1901 pocket diary. 1903. Loose paper enclosed. 1904. Loose papers enclosed. Foolscap notebook used as 1905 diary. 1901. Used from 25 January. Loose papers enclosed. enclosed. 1904. Used March to July only. Later entries in other hands, probably his nurses’. Notebook used for diary entries May to August 1905. Loose papers Brief entries relating to her son, Joseph. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical 1906. Loose papers enclosed. 1910. Loose papers enclosed including ‘My diary of Cromer’ kept by her son, Joseph, for a few days during visit to Cromer in August, and letter from Lord Castletown, 16 July 1909. Notebook used for diary and notes on visit to Italy, November - December 1910. Notebook used for visit to Italy and France, December 1910 (continuation of preceding). Loose papers enclosed including five letters from friend in Italy, December 1910 - January 1911 (in French). 1911. Loose papers enclosed. 1912. Loose papers enclosed. 1913. Loose papers enclosed. 1915. Loose papers enclosed including at front text of agreement between the Needhams about financial arrangements, 31 October 1897. 1918. Many loose papers enclosed. 1917. Many loose papers enclosed including resolution by her son, Joseph, to maintain strict neutrality in parental disputes, 1 August. 1915. Used occasionally June - September. 1916. Loose papers enclosed. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical Very few diary entries before October. 1918. Loose papers enclosed, including at front letter from Joseph Needham to his wife, 3 November 191 8, written on receipt of telegram from her at Cambridge relating to the health of their son. See A.127. Notebook used for record of progress of son's illness at Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge, [October] - November [1 918]. 1919. Many loose papers enclosed. At front of diary is brief account of her wartime work for the army. 1919. enclosed. Use largely confined to April - July and October. Loose papers Notebook used for record of final days of Joseph Needham, husband, 20 July - 2 August 1920. Most pages not used. Loose papers enclosed at rear. 1920. Many loose papers enclosed, including at front unfinished draft letter to Lloyd George, Prime Minister, re reward for Dr Needham ‘before it be too late’. The first three pages of the memoranda section of the diary are used for a draft letter on behalf of her husband and herself to Winston Churchill MP, giving account of their services to the army and navy and seeking recognition, dated 16 June 1920. Exercise book used for brief diary entries, November - December 1932. 1924. Many loose papers enclosed. 1921. Many loose papers enclosed including at back two letters from Mrs Needham's bank, 26 and 27 May, re overdraft. Includes entries for holiday on the continent, accompanied for some 1922. of the period by her son (see A.80, H.1A). Many loose papers enclosed. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical Musical career Most of the correspondence relating to Alicia Adelaide Needham’s musical career as a pianist, composer and examiner is retained with other personal and domestic correspondence at A.465-A.596. Testimonials and references 1884-1889, on Alicia Adelaide Needham's musical and other accomplishments and personal character. First letter' from A.D. O'Leary, tutor; receipts for fees for study at Royal Academy of Music, London, 1887. Correspondence and papers re examinations for Licentiateship of Royal Academy of Music, 1888-1889. For letters of congratulation see A.544. Notification of date of examination for Sight-singing examination, Royal Academy of Music, 7 June 1894. A.139 A.139, A.140 Papers re Associateship of Royal College of Music, 1893. A.141, A.142 Performances by Alicia Adelaide Needham. Examination papers, annotated by Alicia Adelaide Needham. Application to enter for examination; notice of those passing examination; etc. Programme; press review. A.141 Ulster Minor Hall, Belfast, 4 September 1890. Programme: press review. Town Hall, Castletown, 13 January 1891. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical Cutler's Hall, [?Sheffield], April 1891. Programme. Lecture Hall, Stamford Street, London, 31 October 1891. Programme. Royal Academy of Music Fortnightly Concert, 16 June 1894. Annotated programme. Clapham Philharmonic Society, 26 March 1896. Programme. A.143-A.145 Performances by others of music by Alicia Adelaide Needham. A.143 Press review. Programme. ‘An Irish Lullaby’ and 'The Exile's Return’, Albert Hall, London, 17 March 1896. Press notice of performances of 'An Irish Lullaby’, 'Maureen' and 'Pastheen Fion', March 1896. ‘Olympia’ March, Royal Irish Rifles, Downpatrick Amateur Athletic Sports Day, 28 June 1888. Programme of Congress, including concerts. ‘Salutation to the Caernarvon, 30 August - 3 September 1904. Celts' and ‘The Irish Lullaby’, Pan-Celtic Congress, J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical ‘Patriotic Song Cycle’, Palladium, London, June 1913. Press review. Two songs, Rochdale Philharmonic Society, 15 March 1921. Press review. A.146-A.409 Songs. A.146-A.350 Individual songs A.351-A.400 Song cycles A.401-A.409 Instrumental music A.146-A.350 Individual songs ‘Among the stubble barley' A.146 ‘Ambitions’ Words by Frederic Manley. Words by Katherine Tynan Hinkson Words by James Clarence Mangan. Words from a fifteenth-century manuscript. ‘An ancient lullaby’ ‘And Ihesus is hys name' ‘And then no more' J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical ‘The apostles' creed' ‘The army and navy of Britain for ever!' ‘As Joseph was a-walking' ‘At last' Sacred Song. Words by Whittier. Dated Summer 1899. ‘Awake! Awake!' Words by Elizabeth Birch. Copyright Boosey & Co. 1907. ‘Bad luck to their marching’ Words by Charles Lever. Dated 71903. ‘The barley sheaves' ‘Basket-makers' Words by E.V. Lucas. Composed for and sung by Madame Clara Butt. Words by Gunby Hadath. Copyright Boosey & Co. 1902. ‘Bespattered' ‘Behave yoursel' afore folk’ Words by Alex Rodger. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical ‘Bethlehem’ Words by Phillips Brooks. ‘The bird in the woods' ‘The birds in the winter’ ‘A bright idea’ ‘The brown thrush' Words by Lucy Larkom. ‘Bumble Bees' ‘A bunch of heather’ ‘Christmas Bells' Words by Longfellow. ‘The chase' Words by H. Suso. Words by Frederic Manley. Copyright Boosey & Co. 1910. ‘Christmas carol' J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical ‘Christmas cradle hymn’ Words attributed to Martin Luther. ‘Christmas cradle song’ Words by Isaac Watts. ‘The Christmas log’ ‘Christmas merrymaking' Words by George Wither. ‘Chums' Words by W.M. Hackleton. ‘Come let us adore him' ‘Clip, Clap goes the mill’ ‘Clipped wings' Words by G.M. George. Copyright Houghton & Co. 1908. Words by James Whitcomb Riley. Copyright Boosey & Co. 1902. ‘Content (Ike Walton's Prayer)' ‘Hymn no.1' Words by ‘Nunc aut nunquam’. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical ‘The coolin' Arrangement of ancient Irish air. Words (translated from the ancient Irish) by Francis A. Fahy. Copyright Ascherberg, Hopwood & Crew Ltd 1909. ‘The conjurer' ‘Cradle song’ ‘The crows' ‘The cuddle place’ Words by M.L.A. ‘Curly locks' ‘Daffodil’ ‘The dashing white sergeant' ‘Daughters of England’ Words by Margaret A. Martin. Copyright Houghton & Co. 1908. ‘Dolly's funeral’ ‘Dear Erin, how sweetly thy green bosom rises' ‘Dolly' J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical ‘Dream, darling, dream’ Dated 3 December 1905. ‘Drinking song' ‘Eileen Aroon' Arrangement of ancient Irish air and words. ‘Ere the daylight be gone’ ‘Facts for little folks' ‘The fairies’ ‘Far from my heavenly home' Sacred song. Words by Henry Francis Lyte. ‘Fighting on' ‘The fairy's lullaby’ Words by Constance Clyde. Copyright Houghton & Co. 1908. '‘Frowns and smiles' Words by James Russell Lowell. Dated 20 February 1905. ‘The fireman’ ‘The fountain’ J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical ‘The geese are getting fat' Christmas carol. ‘The girl | left behind me' Arrangement of ancient Irish Copyright Boosey & Co. 1900. air. Words by Alfred Percival Graves. ‘Girl of the red mouth' Words by Martin MacDermott. ‘A gladsome hymn of praise will sing’ Hymn. Dated Christmas 1893. ‘Glenara' Christmas carol. ‘Golden bridges' Words from the German. ‘God rest ye merry gentlemen’ Words by Robert Dwyer Joyce. Copyright Boosey & Co. 1900. ‘The good shepherd! ‘Golden feather. ‘Good luck and bad' J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical ‘Goodnight little maid’ ‘Great golden sun' Words by Rona White. Dated 26 July 1905. ‘Great, wide, beautiful wonderful world' Words by W.B. Rands. ‘Green sprigs' Words by Augusta Hancock. ‘He, she and they’ ‘The holly’ ‘Hope or a winter's view’ Words by J. Logie Robertson. ‘Hot potatoes’ ‘Help yourself Here's a health unto his majesty’ Cornish Christmas carol. Words by R.S. Hawker. Words by E.V. Lucas. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical ‘How many days has my baby to play?’ ‘| need thee, precious Jesus' ‘Lonce loved a boy' An old street ballad (1800). Dated October 1904. ‘| think when | read that sweet story of old’ ‘| walk with God, he walks with me’ ‘| wouldna gie a copper plack' Words by Mary A Barr. ‘lf and perhaps' ‘If | were a fish' Words by S.A.G. Dated July 1909. "f' Words by Morley Roberts. Words by James Ballantine. ‘If thoughts were birds’ ‘Ilka blade of grass' J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical I'm a merry, merry squirrel’ Words by Norman MacLeod. ‘In a wooden cradle’ Christmas carol ‘In defence of his country’ Words by E. Searchfield. ‘Dedicated to my little soldier Terence.’ ‘In my dreams' Words by Pakenham Thomas Beatty. Copyright Boosey & Co. 1902. Words by Eudora S. Bumstead. Christmas carol. ‘In the swing’ ‘In the fields with their flocks abiding’ Words by Francis A. Fahy. Copyright Pigott & Co. 1910. Full score. Words by Francis A. Fahy, orchestrated by John Storer. ‘Irish cradle song’ ‘Irish education’ ‘An Irish lullaby’ J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical ‘The iron horse' Dated 8 July 1905. It's no very lang sin syne' Stamped Boosey & Co. 11 January 1910. ‘A jack o'tar' ‘The jolly ploughboy’ Arrangement. ‘Keep a watch on your words my darlings’ ‘The key to the box' ‘The kiss ahint the door' Words by T.C. Latto. ‘Kittens’ ‘Keep pegging away' ‘Kind, beautiful wonderful God' Words by Rev. Canon Langridge. Words by Betty Sage. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical ‘Knitting war song "Soldier, soldier dear unknown" ' Words by Adrienne Cambry. Dated 12 February 1915. Dedicated to the British Expeditionary Force and Britain's allies. ‘Knowest thou God for thy father?’ ‘Ladybird, ladybird’ ‘Lady Moon’ Words by Lord Houghton. ‘Land of our fathers' ‘Land of the Counterpane' ‘The lapful of nuts' ‘The limitations of youth’ Arrangement. Words by Alfred Percival Graves. Dedicated ‘to all our pan-celts' Words by Robert Louis Stevenson. See also A.284. Words by Sir Samuel Ferguson. Copyright Boosey & Co 1912. Words by Eugene Field. Dated 3 February 1902. ‘Laugh it off' Words by Henry Rutherford Elliot. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical ‘Listen, lordlings unto me' Carol for Christmas Eve. ‘A little bird’ ‘The little boy and the stars’ ‘A little cradle song’ Christmas carol. Words from the Spanish. ‘The little drummer’ Words by Gouvemeur Morris. Copyright Boosey & Co. 1906. ‘Little Poll parrot' ‘Little shoes' ‘Little soldiers’. ‘The lobster and the can' Words by Felix Leigh. Words by Theodore Botrel. Words by Rudyard Kipling. ‘Lord of our far-flung battle-line' ‘Look up the street' J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical ‘The Lord's Prayer’ ‘The lost boy’ Words by Ellen Manly. ‘The lost doll (From the Water Babies) Charles Kingsley . ‘Love song of Elizabethan days' Words by Michael Scanlon. Dated 23 January 1905. ‘A lovely lady sat and sang' Christmas carol. ‘Making cakes' ‘Mamma's kisses' ‘La meuniére' ‘Marching on' Words by John Russell. ‘A merry, merry Christmas' Words by Theodore Botrel. Copyright Boosey & Co. 1906. Words by Robert Herrick. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical ‘The milestone’ Words by Patrick Byrne. Copyright Boosey & Co. 1912. ‘The mill’ ‘Miss Maria (The sewing-woman)' Words by Betty Sage. ‘The moon shone bright' Christmas carol. ‘Mr Nobody’ Words by E. Snowden. ‘Mustard and cress' ‘My ain hoose' ‘My heart's delight’ Words by Norman Gale. Dated 2 September 1911. Words by E. Nesbitt. Copyright Boosey & Co. 1902. Words by David Grant. Copyright Boosey & Co. 1910. ‘My little secret' Words by A.M.R.D. ‘My mither tongue’ J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical ‘My wings were so bedraggled with the wet' ‘Nail your colours to the mast' Words by J. Lea. ‘The nest' ‘A nestful of wrens’ Words by Queenie Scott-Harper. ‘The new moon' Words by A. Follen. ‘Now! Now! Now!’ ‘On yesternight | saw a sight' Christmas carol. ‘Now the day is over’ Words by Adelaide A. Proctor. Words by Christina Rosetti. ‘One and two' ‘One at a time’ ‘One nest together’ J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical ‘Our bank' Words by E.V. Lucas. ‘Our student days' Words by H. MacNaughton-Jones. ‘Out over the Forth' Words by Robert Burns. ‘Pansies, lilies, roses’ Hymn for children. Dated December 1893. ‘Peace and goodwill’ ‘Perpetual Christmas in thy soul Words by Lucy A. Bennett. ‘Piggie-wig, and Piggie-wee' ‘Peace be around thee' Words by Thomas Moore. Words by Robert Louis Stevenson. See also A.242. Words by Eugene Field. Copyright Boosey & Co. 1901. ‘The pleasant land of counterpane' '‘Pitty-pat and tippy-toe' J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical ‘Please’ ‘Politeness’ ‘The post office or a stamp’ ‘A prayer' Words by James Whitcomb Riley. ‘Queer relations’ ‘The red deer' Words by Katherine Tynan Hinkson. ‘Riflemen, form’ ‘The robin’ ‘Scarlet and gold' ‘The rock-a-bye lady’ Words by Eugene Field. Words by Lord Tennyson. Words by May Byron. ‘Saw ye him whom my soul loveth saw ye him?’ J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical ‘Scotch lines to A.S.B. (from an unintelligent foreigner)’ Words by Bret Harte. ‘Scotland yet' Words by Henry Scott Riddell. ‘A sea-song' Words by James Whitcomb Riley. Dedicated ‘to my little boy-blue’. ‘Serenade "Eager night enfolds thee" ' ‘Seven times one’ ‘Singing merrily’ ‘Snow (in town)’ Words by Rickman Marks. Waltz song. Words by C. H. St. L. Russell. ‘The spider and his wife’ Words translated from the German by Francis A. Fahy. ‘Soft is the music' ‘The sparrows' J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical ‘Spinning song Nance O'Neill’ Words by Katherine Tynan Hinkson. Dated Sunday 7 December 1902. ‘Spring song’ ‘Spring song’ Words by Marcia Tyndale. ‘A stirrup cup song' ‘Sweet and low' Words by Tennyson. ‘The sweet o' the year’ Words by Katherine Tynan Hinkson. ‘The sweet May weather' Words by Katherine Tynan Hinkson. ‘Sweetest love, | do not go for weariness of thee’ Words by John Donne. Copyright in the US Black and White Publishing Co. 1905. Cradle song. Copyright by Alicia Adelaide Needham 1907. ‘The swing’ Words by Robert Louis Stevenson. ‘Swinging and swaying’ J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical ‘Sympathy’ ‘There is joy in heaven' ‘There was a knight of Bethlehem’ Christmas carol. ‘There was a little girl' Words by Longfellow. ‘There were two birds' ‘Thine in storm and shine' ‘Tit for tat' To let - a little lonely heart' Copyright G.Ricardi & Co. 1921. Words by Katherine Tynan Hinkson. Dated 14-15 February 1902. ‘To the unknown many’ Dedicated to Mrs Benecke (née Mendelssohn-Bartholdy). ‘To my fair colleen’ Words by 'Cruck-a-Leaghan' ‘To set the world rejoicing’ J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical ‘Tortoise shell' ‘The trees or Spring song' Words by E.Nesbit. ‘Trumpets and drum’ Cradle song. Words by Sir Walter Scott. ‘Twitter and cheep’ ‘The two dollies' Words by L.E. Tiddiman. ‘The two Johnnies or two different little boys’ Dated 11 October 1910. ‘Under-the-table manners’ ‘Up at Piccadilly, oh!' ‘Very tired’ Words by H.P. Hawkins. Christmas carol. ‘The virgin's cradle hymn’ ‘The virgin & child’ Christmas carol. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical ‘Visitors’ Words by Helen H. Whitney. ‘Waiting for the May’ Words by Florence McCarthy. ‘Waking up’ Words by Alexander Anderson. ‘Wander-thirst' ‘The wandering knight's song’ ‘Washing the dishes' ‘The watchmaker' Words by E.V. Lucas. ‘The way of the world’ Words from the Spanish. Copyright Boosey & Co. 1902. ‘The waves on the seashore’ Words by Hannah G. Fernald. Words by Ella Wheeler Wilcox. Dated July 1903. Words by Mrs Hawkshawe. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical 'Wee Willie Winkie’ Copyright Boosey & Co. 1910. ‘What are little boys made of?' ‘What | learn’ Words by Constance M. Lowe. ‘What my lover said’ Words by Horace Greeley. ‘What the clock says' ‘What the flowers said’ ‘When I'm a grown-up lady' ‘Which’ ‘White bread and brown bread' Words by Thomas Moore. ‘When in death | shall calm recline’ Arrangement of ancient Irish air. September 1933. Dated 13 ‘Which way does the wind blow?’ Word by Lucy Aikin. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical ‘Wishing’ Words by William Allingham. ‘With all your might’ ‘Wynken, blynken and nod' Words by Eugene Field. Dated May 1920. ‘Ye bargayne' Copyright G. Ricardi & Co. 1921. ‘Young birds' Words by E. Snowden. ‘Your father's boreen' Copyright Dr Joseph Needham 1897. Miscellaneous shorter pieces. folders. 9 folders. Orchestrated by Cellan Kottaun. Copyright Boosey & Co. 1912. Principally children's and nursery songs. 2 A.351-A.400 Song collections A.351-A.359 Army and Navy song cycle for four voices. Untitled and incomplete. A.349, A.350 J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical A.360-A.363 Scottish song cycle 4 folders. A.364-A.369 Song cycle for four voices. List of twelve songs (one crossed out) and music and words for ten of the remaining eleven listed songs. 6 folders. Song cycle for four voices. List only of twelve songs. Not identical to the preceding. A.371, A.372 Four trios for ladies voices. 2 folders. Three sacred songs. Copyright Boosey & Co. 1903. Two copies. A.374, A.375 Ten sacred songs. List of ten songs with music and words for three of them. 3 folders. Dedicated ‘to my son Doctor Joseph Needham Sc.D. M.A.. Ph.D. Fellow of Caius Coll. Cambridge.' A.376-A.378 Six old English songs. 2 folders. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical ‘Feis'. Contents of folder so inscribed: manuscripts of songs composed for ?lrish song festival. Dated December 1898. Four Irish songs. List only. Hymns for children. Dated 1893. A.382-A.385 Songs for children. List of twelve songs and words and music of ten of them. 4 folders. List and words and music for ten songs. 5 folders. 9 folders. A.386-A.390 French songs for children. A.391-A.399 Twenty songs. List and words and music of the first nineteen songs. ‘Good night songs'; ‘Songs for grownups’. Lists of contents of published volumes of songs: 'Three volumes very easy for children’; '5 volumes, songs for children’; '3 duets for ladies voices’: J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical A.401-A.409 Instrumental music A.401 ‘Duet in canon’ ‘Copied’ 1891. ‘Work in free Bach style’ Dated in November 1897, February 1898. Manuscript music book containing Irish airs, reels. cover dated 1 June 1899. Letter pasted inside front ‘Arrangement of Irish airs ... for the Harp’ Dated 27 February 1902. ‘Berceuse' 'Gigue’ ‘Noctume' ‘Lament for violin and pianoforte’ Untitled and incomplete. ‘Invitation to the dance’ J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical A.410-A.417 Miscellaneous material A.410 Aufgabenbuch zu E. Friedr. Richter's Harmonielehre by A. Richter (Leipzig 1892), annotated by Alicia Adelaide Needham. Calendars for Royal Academy of Music, 1893-1894, 1894-1895. Student's Concert Tickets for Royal Academy of Music, 1887, 1893-1895. Examination papers for Licentiateship of Royal Academy of Music 1890- 1893. Manuscript timetables for music practice or tuition 1893, 1894, 1896 and nd. A.415, A.416 Programmes of concerts attended etc. 2 folders. A.418-A.421 Notes and reflections Royalty account from Boosey & Co., January - June 1916. Alicia Adelaide Needham's manuscript notes on books read, including biographies and religious and philosophical literature, and notes on similar themes. She may have planned to write a reflective book on religious themes, possibly drawing on her own experiences and thoughts. The material appears to date from after the First World War, perhaps after the death of her husband in 1920. Four exercise books used for notes on ‘Books read’. Unless otherwise indicated the notes are in Alicia Adelaide Needham's exercise books. However, some have had pages removed, and many were used only for a few pages and not always from the front. A number lack their covers. There are also loose manuscript notes, some on pages tom from similar exercise books. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical Used for 'Notes from books’. Used for notes on ‘The 7 strings of the lyre [?]Schennerhorn. Heinemann’. George Sand by Elizth Used for notes on biography of ‘Bryon by Brecknock (Cecil Palmer) [...]'. Used for notes on biographies of ‘Leo Tolstoy Lord Kitchener’. Used for notes on 'The Tragedy of Ruskin by Amabel Williams Ellis [...]'. Used for notes on ‘Eleanor Duse by Rheinhardt (Martin Secker)'. Used for notes on biography of Mozart. Used for notes on biographies of Prince ?Lichnosky and Lady Byron. Used for notes on biographies of Tolstoy, Blavatsky and W.S. Gilbert. Used for notes on Woodrow Wilson, wartime reminiscences of Colonel House and biography of Schubert. Plato’. Used for notes on Ernest Renan, biographies of General Gordon and Abraham Lincoln, and work of R.H. Benson. Used for notes on life of Christ and biography of ‘The Two Carlyles'. Used for notes on 'The Hand [palmistry] The Story of Christ J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical Used for notes on ‘Lectures’. Used for notes on works of T.E. Lawrence (of Arabia). Used for notes on ‘Blavatsky + Gounod’. Used for notes 'From Climax of Ages' and on books by Sir Oliver Lodge and Maude Royden. Used for notes on poetry of Robert Browning, work of G.K. Chesterton. Pocket notebook used for notes on the religious life, especially the hereafter. Used chiefly for notes on astrology. A.443, A.444 Two exercise books used for ‘Notes for Book’. A.443 Used for notes on ‘Adventure (Rosita Forbes) Cassell & Co.' Includes notes on indigestion, King Edward VII's illness, and notes on books ‘The Aquarian Gospel by Levi and ‘Esoteric Christianity’ by A. Besant. Used for notes on ‘Dreams + Parry R.L. Stevenson’. Notes on ‘My Life & Times’ by Jerome K. Jerome and ‘Goodbye to all that’ by Robert Graves'. Used for notes on 'Diary A.B. Benson My dreams’. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical Used for notes on 'Dreams'. Used for notes on 'Agonies, Remember Dreams’. Used for notes on psychical experiences. Used for notes on ‘psychic photography’ etc. Used for notes on meanings of Biblical passages and records of dreams. Used for notes on body and spirit and on ‘Lecture on Egypt". Used for ‘Prayer to God' (in Latin). Used for notes at front including list of books on Palestine and the Bible. Used for notes on the supernatural power etc of the hands, and lists of photographs taken. Also includes draft letter to Eamon de Valera, August 1927, expressing willingness to join his Fianna Fail party and if required serve the party in the Irish parliament. ‘Notes for book’ on innoculation, Pompeii and India. Used for brief notes at back on the First World War, an Everest expedition, and life of Christ. Inscribed on front cover ‘Italian Words words and expressions for use in music, and notes on religious themes. Composition’. Used for list of Italian A.458-A.464 Loose manuscript notes. A.458 J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical Biographical notes on Marconi, Clemenceau and Goethe. Notes on Plato and Platonism. Notes on 'Dreams’, 'The Shining Ones from the Great Beyond’, ‘The Devil’ and ‘Religious experience’. Notes found clipped together relating chiefly to art and religion including 14pp account beginning 'Mr Heaphy spent a night in the catacombs’, and to financial matters. A.463, A.464 Miscellaneous notes. 2 folders. Correspondence material presented here is family, personal and_ There are personal letters received before and after her marriage, letters to other family members (chiefly her parents), and correspondence relating to her songs and performances. The principal sequence of correspondence is that between Alicia Adelaide and her husband Joseph Needham. The bulk dates from their courtship and engagement, November 1891 - August 1892. There are also some later letters. The professional correspondence received by Alicia Adelaide Needham, together with family correspondence sent by her and subsequently recovered on the deaths of the relatives to whom they were sent. Other correspondents Correspondence with Joseph Needham A.465-A.537 A.538-A.596 J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical A.465-A.537 Correspondence with Joseph Needham, 1891-1914. Alicia Adelaide Montgomery and Joseph Needham met in London in autumn 1891. Joseph proposed in December 1891 and they were married in August 1892. a _ voluminous correspondence, very often she wrote him more than one letter a day. engagement conducted During their they Alicia Adelaide's letters are often illustrated by her with decorative or humorous pictures, often self-portraits, or have bars of music or verse. A number contained enclosures such as newspaper cuttings, posies of flowers and pieces of fabric. Some of her earlier letters are represented by rough drafts. Also included in this sequence is memorabilia from their engagement and their honeymoon in Scotland. 1891 November 5-20. Includes rough drafts. 1891 November 24-29. Includes rough drafts. 1891 December 7-12. 1891 December 13-16. 1891 December 19-22. Includes rough draft. Notebook used at the back for rough drafts of letters 6 December 1891 - 22 January 1892 and at the front for record of their meetings 16 November - 4 December 1891. Loose at back are family and personal letters to Alicia Adelaide Needham, 1892, 1893 and nd. December. Memorabilia from 1891: list of teachers at Clapham Ladies College (includes Alicia Adelaide Montgomery), programmes for Crystal Palace, 12 and 19 Nd [1891]. Includes rough drafts. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical 1892 January 5-10. 1892 January 11-14. 1892 January 15-20. 1892 January 21-25. 1892 January 26-31. Notebook used for rough drafts of letters January - February 1892. 1892 February 3-6. 1892 February 14-18. 1892 February 19-21. 1892 February 22-25. 1892 February 1-3. Includes rough drafts. 1892 February 8-10. Includes rough draft. 1892 February 11-13. Includes rough draft. 1892 February 26-29. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical 1892 March 1-4. 1892 March 5-10. 1892 March 11-20. 1892 March 21-22, 27-29. Needham 23-26 March. Alicia Adelaide Montgomery visited Joseph 1892 March 30-31. 1892 April 1-6. 1892 April 7-11. 1892 April 12-16. 1892 April 17-20. 1892 April 21-26. 1892 May 7-10. 1892 April 27-30. 1892 May 1-6. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical 1892 May 11-15. 1892 May 16-20. 1892 May 21-25. 1892 May 26-28. 1892 May 29-31. 1892 June 2-7. 1892 June 8-11. 1892 June 12-16. 1892 July 1-5. 1892 June 22-23. 1892 June 25-30. 1892 June 17-20. 1892 July 6-9. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical 1892 July 11-14. 1892 July 15-17. 1892 July 19-21. 1892 July 22-23. 1892 July 24-27. 1892 July 28-31. 1892 September - December. 1892. Incomplete letters. 1892 August 1-3. 1892 August 4-6. Letters of congratulation on marriage, September - October. ‘Scotch Tour 1892 Honeymoon’. Contents of envelope so inscribed divided into two for ease of reference. Nd [1892]. 2 folders. A.524-A.526A Memorabilia from 1892. A.522, A.523 A.524, A.525 J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical Receipts and other memorabilia from honeymoon in Scotland. Miscellaneous memorabilia, including receipt for wedding ring. Flower display sent to Joseph Needham by Alicia Adelaide. Large sheet of blotting paper to which thirteen flowers have been attached by white thread. The flowers are numbered 0-12 and beneath each are lines identifying (or failing to identify) them. 1893-1894. 1895 July. 1896-1898. 1902. Switzerland. 1907-1909. 1895 August. 1895 September, October. Chiefly correspondence to Alicia Adelaide Needham on holiday in 1912, 1914. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical Incomplete and undated letters. Notebook used for drafts of letters to Joseph Needham, nd. A.538-A.596 Other correspondents. Frequent correspondents include J. Frizelle, chiefly on religious matters 1885-1890, who proposed to her in October 1890; Blanche and Bec Stevenson, friends in Ireland; J.P. Addey and A.D. O'Leary, tutors at the School of Art, Londonderry and the Royal Academy of Music, London respectively; her parents John W. and Mary Jane Montgomery and her sisters Annie Elizabeth Montgomery and Maude Pilcher; F.A. Fahy of the Irish Literary Society, London; and Emily Ward ca.1900-1903. There are many undated or partially dated letters. 1877, 1881, 1884. 1889 July - December. 1889 January - June. examination for Licentiateship of Royal Academy of Music. 1888 August - December. 1888 February - July. Includes letters of congratulation on passing J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical 1890 January - March. 1890 April - August. 1890 September - December. Frizelle, 31 October. Includes proposal of marriage from J. January - September. 1892 engagement and re marriage. Includes letters of congratulation on 1892 October - November. 1893 January - May. 1893 June - August. 1892 December. Nd [1892]. by Joseph Needham. Alicia Adelaide Needham gave a piano recital. The concert was organised Includes correspondence re concert given on 1 1893 September - December. 1894 January - February. February 1894. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical 1894 March - admission to the Irish Literary Society, London. April. Includes correspondence from F.A. Fahy re her 1894 May - June. Includes correspondence re arrangements for concert under the auspices of the Irish Literary Society, 5 and 6 July 1894. The concert was organised by the Needhams. Needham's Irish songs were performed. Some of Alicia Adelaide 1894 July - August. Includes correspondence re Alicia Adelaide Needham's songs. 1894 September - October. 1894 November. Includes correspondence re songs. September 1895 congratulation on success in music examination [?at Oxford], October. December, January. Includes 1895 July - August. Chiefly re songs. 1894 December. Includes correspondence re songs. 1895 January - June. Includes correspondence re arrangements for concert, 21 February 1895. 1896 March 25-31. Chiefly letters home from her mother. 1896 March 18-24. Chiefly letters home from M.J. Montgomery (mother of Alicia Adelaide Needham) who was unwell and visiting her daughter in Clapham Park. letters of - 1896 J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical 1896 April 1-6. Chiefly letters home reporting on condition of her mother. 1896 April 7-30. Chiefly re illness of her mother. 1896 May. Chiefly re death of her mother. 1896 June - December. music examination. Includes telegrams of congratulation on passing 1897-1899. ‘Letters from K.T.H.'. words for a number of her songs, 1901-1903, 1906. Letters from Katharine Tynan Hinkson, who wrote the Includes letter re prize-giving at Stratford Music Festival, London, 1901. February, and notification of prize for song ‘Innisfail’ at Feis Ceoil. 1902 January - March. Includes invitations to lecture to National Literary Society, Dublin and to Celtic Association ‘conversazione'; correspondence re prize-giving at Stratford Music Festival, March, and correspondence re possible concert before the King and Queen in Dublin. Alicia Adelaide Needham. 1902 April - August. Includes telegrams of congratulation on her prize- winning song on coronation of Edward VII, and notification of her election as Associate of the Philharmonic Society. 1902 September - December. Includes letters re dedication of songs by J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical 1903 January - February. Academy Musical Union and of Feis Ceoil prize for song 'Servato Fidem’. Includes notifications of election to Royal 1903 March - May. competitions Gentlewoman. by The Includes correspondence re adjudication of song Girl's Realm, The Sunday School Union and 1903 June - December. Adelaide Needham's collection of 'Soldiers' Songs’. Includes letters of thanks for copies of Alicia 1904, 1906. Includes correspondence from Katharine Tynan Hinkson, 1906. 1907. Includes letters re dinner at the Irish Club, and letters to her father J.W. Montgomery re her financial situation. 1910. Letters to her father. 1909. Letters to her father. 1908. Chiefly letters to her father re financial situation. Needham's personal reflections. 21931. Letter of congratulation to her son, possibly on publication of his book Chemical Embryology in 1931. The letter also includes Alicia Adelaide 1917. Chiefly drafts of letters to Lloyd George, Prime Minister, re possibility of civil list pension, and acknowledgements. 1911-1915. 1920. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical A.590-A.596 Undated or partially dated. 7 folders. A.590 Addressed to ‘Miss Montgomery’. Addressed to 'Mrs Needham’. Addressed to ‘Del’. Chiefly from ‘Bec’. Other letters to Alicia Adelaide Needham. Chiefly from family. Letters from Alicia Adelaide Needham to father and sisters. Letters to 'Eileen' from ‘Bec’. Other correspondents. Miscellaneous Her mother's Bible, inscribed inside front cover by Alicia Adelaide Needham. With a little loose material intercalated. Miscellaneous memorabilia. Manuscript notes on financial prospects, personal difficulties etc. Press-cuttings, greetings cards. Accounts, receipts, bills and other financial papers. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Joseph Needham (father) Biographical Joseph Needham was born in 1852. He became a member of the Royal College of Surgeons in 1875 and graduated M.B., M.Chir from the University of Aberdeen in 1879. He died in 1920. A.602, A.603 Medical certificates, 1871-1880. 2 rolls. Letters of congratulation to Needham on reducing the consumption of ‘stimulants’ and wine and spirits among in-patients at the London Hospital, 1877 and 1878. Needham was House Surgeon at the Hospital. A.605-A.611 Correspondence and papers, 1890-1920. A.605 1890-1891. 1893, 1894. Includes letters re patients. 1895, 1900. 1919, 1920. Re Needham's illness and death. 1892. Includes letters re patients and congratulations on marriage. 1912-1914. Includes notification of award of Coronation Medal for his work for the Police Ambulance Service of the Metropolitan Police, 1912, and correspondence re estate of Sir Wyke Bayliss, 1913-1914. Nd. Chiefly letters re patients. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical John W. Montgomery (maternal grandfather) A.612 ‘My dearest Father Our pedigree etc’. Montgomery's letters so labelled by his daughter Alicia Adelaide Needham. Includes photographic negative of gravestone of his wife. Will, dated 1909. A.614-A.616 ‘A delightful holiday’. J.W. Montgomery contributed occasional articles under this title [?Belfast] Telegraph descriptions of parts of Ireland. published in book form. to the giving topographical It was suggested these be collected and geographical Evening and Letter re possible publication; list of chapters. A.615, A.616 Drafts of chapters. A.615 Dorothy Mary Moyle Needham (first wife) ‘The Irish Poor Laws’ and 'Round Moume'’, paginated 1-9, 30-32. ‘Lough Sheelin, co. Cavan’ and ‘Lough Fea, co. Monaghan’, paginated 44- Sie NCUACS 22/7/90 and NCUACS 37/5/92. The principal archive of the papers of Dorothy Needham is deposited in the Library of Girton College Cambridge. The papers are catalogued as Dorothy Mary Moyle (1896-1987) was a fellow researcher in the Cambridge Biochemistry Department. She married Joseph Needham in 1924. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical Typescript draft of tribute to Dorothy Needham by Joseph Needham, written after her death in December 1987. Lists of publications to ca.1932. Notification of payment from Beit Memorial Fellowship, 1928. A.618-A.621 Duplicated typescript and printed material from societies and organisations supported by Dorothy Needham. Permanent International Committee of Mothers, 1957. National Assembly of Women, 1964. British Federation of University Women, 1965, 1972, 1973. Miscellaneous. Lu Gwei-Djen (second wife) Lu (1904-1991) was a biochemist. Educated at Ginling College, Nanking, she went to Cambridge as a postgraduate to study under Dorothy Needham in 1937. She became a very close friend of the Needhams and was one of those who inspired Joseph Needham to begin his study of Chinese language and civilisation. After the war Lu served with the UNESCO Section of Natural Sciences in Paris and then in 1957 retumed to Cambridge where she was to collaborate with Needham on his multi-volume history Science and Civilisation in China. Lu married Needham in 1989. Obituaries, 1991. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical Elizabeth A. Montgomery Wilson (cousin) Contents of box-file labelled ‘South African War Papers of Eliz. Montgomery Wilson R.R.C. Army Nursing Service’. Wilson (d.1939) was Matron at Cardiff Infirmary when war broke out in South Africa in 1899. She volunteered for service in March 1900 and was accepted for service in June. She took four other nurses from the Cardiff Infirmary and served as Matron of the South African Field Force ‘Langman Hospital’. She was released from service in December following the capture of Pretoria by Field Marshal Lord Roberts. She was awarded the South African War Medal in 1901. Wilson volunteered again in 1901 and 1902 to serve in South Africa but her services were not required. Lists of posts held, ca.1878-1924, and service up to South African War. Testimonial from Derby Royal Infirmary, April 1897. Member of General Council of Royal British Nurses' Association, May 1899. A.626-A.631 A.626 units, field Correspondence, April Nursing Service Reserve re service in South Africa. - August 1900. Includes telegrams from Army Memorabilia from South Africa. Mounted photographs of South African campaign: military hospitals etc. Correspondence, October - December 1900. Includes letter from Lord Roberts thanking her for her service, 7 October. Orders, July, August 1900. Tin box, 6" x 3%", sent to troops in ‘South Africa 1900'. Contains three miniature photographs ?of Wilson (two in nurse's uniform) and coins of the South African Republic. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical Copies of typescript reports on the war sent by Lord Roberts to his wife, September 1900, and sent on by Lady Roberts to Wilson. Letters and copies of letters of appreciation. Miscellaneous. Includes social invitations. Correspondence, 1901. Includes letters from South Africa. Correspondence, 1902-1903. Africa. — Includes letter re possible service in South Correspondence, 1905-1923 and nd. service with the Army Nursing Service Reserve, 1907. Includes letter extending Wilson's Lord Kitchener, with letter November 1900. Baden-Powell, 5 February 1901, with annotated sketch he sent to Wilson. letter 1903, and reproduction of Three photographs of Wilson. Manuscript codicil to Will, 1 May 1939. Signed photographs and related correspondence: Lord Roberts, 13 October 1900, with correspondence 1912 and photograph of ?Roberts visiting Cardiff Infirmary 1916. Envelope of miscellaneous photographs. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Photographs Biographical A.637 Alicia Adelaide Needham. 3 photographs. Alicia Adelaide Needham with son. 2 photographs. Joseph Needham (father). 2 photographs. Joseph Needham (father) with son. 1 photograph. Joseph Needham as child. 1 negative, 2 photographs. A.640, A.641 Unidentified. 2 folders. Association of Scientific, Technical and Managerial Staffs (ASTMS) 1968 by an amalgamation of CLUBS, ASSOCIATIONS AND OTHER INTERESTS Correspondence and papers 1970-1971, 1975. Includes correspondence re Cambridge University branch of ASTMS and formation of Cambridge University Trade Union Committee 1970. This Trade Union was formed in the Association of Supervisory Staffs, Executives and Technicians and the Association of Scientific Workers (ASW). Needham had been a member of the ASW. Printed and duplicated typescript material, 1960s. Printed material. Association of University Teachers J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical A.645-A.647 Cambridge Cyrene Community The Cambridge Cyrene Community (formerly the Simon Community) was an organisation formed in 1965 to provide shelter and support for homeless people in Cambridge. Issues of 'Simon Star’, national newsletter of Simon Communities, 1967- 1968 (not a complete sequence). Newsletters of Cambridge Simon and Cambridge Cyrene Communities, 1969-1974 (not a complete sequence). Miscellaneous circulars, appeals etc. 1969-1975. A.648, A.649 Community Settlement The Community Settlement was founded to do voluntary community work in the Westminster and Kensington areas of London. Annual reports, appeals 1969-1972. 2 folders. Oxford and Cambridge University Club Needham had been a pupil at Oundle School 1914-1918. Printed material 1970. Old Oundelian Club National and Local Goverment Officers Association (NALGO) Papers re future of Club, 1966-1972. Order of service for consecration of Oundle School Memorial Chapel, 1923; appeal, 1972; list of members, 1972. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical A.653, A.654 Miscellaneous national and international charitable appeals. 1963-1972 and nd. 2 folders. Miscellaneous Cambridge charitable appeals 1968-1971. SOCIAL ENGAGEMENTS AND INVITATIONS Most of the pre-1950 material relates to events at Cambridge, including menus and programmes from college functions and programmes from theatre visits. The later material includes programmes for theatre visits, brochures for exhibitions, etc. 1919, 1922. 1926, 1927. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Biographical 1937, 1941, 1950. 1956-1969. 1970-1972. 1956-1972. Re paintings by Nancy Kuo. Nd. 3 folders. A.675-A.677 J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 FINANCIAL Biographical Contents of Needham's folders. to Dorothy Needham. Include some financial information relating A.678-A.684 ‘Old income tax file’. 7 folders. Includes material re income from stocks 1933-1937, maintenance of Needham's mother, 1939-1940, estate of Needham's parents and cousin Elizabeth A.M. Wilson, correspondence with Inland Revenue re income tax and surtax 1947-1954, etc. A.685-A.688 'J.N. Accounts’. 4 folders. Correspondence and papers, 1942-1950, re British Council funding for Needham's work in China. Includes lists of expenses, receipts etc. Chequebook stubs, 1946-1959. MISCELLANEOUS Sketch of Needham, made at ‘Congress of Exp. Biol.' A.689-A.692 ‘Unesco Westminster Foreign Bank’. 4 folders. Correspondence and papers, 1946-1948, re salary and expenses while working for UNESCO, and money retained in French bank account 1949- 1959. Manuscript notes; memorabilia. Newspaper cutting from Moscow News, 1 January 1957, with greetings to Joseph and Dorothy Needham from V.A. Engelhardt. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 SECTION B CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY B.1-B.388 Needham spent his whole academic career at Cambridge. He was an undergraduate at Gonville and Caius College 1918-1922 and from 1922 to 1924 held a Benn Levy Studentship for postgraduate research under F.G. Hopkins. He was University Demonstrator in Biochemistry 1928-1933 and Sir William Dunn Reader in Biochemistry 1933-1966. Needham became a Fellow of Gonville and Caius College in 1924, and served as Master 1966-1976. In addition to his membership of the Department of Biochemistry Needham was influential from the mid-1930s in the establishment of the history and philosophy of science as an accepted academic discipline in Cambridge University. He served on the History of Science Lectures Committee and its successors the History of Science Committee and the History and Philosophy of Science Committee. In recognition of his pioneering work on the history and civilisation of China Needham was appointed a member of the Faculty Board of Oriental Languages (later Oriental Studies) in 1949. The material is presented as follows: B.261-B.297 B.369-B.376 B.377-B.388 B.1-B.260 DEPARTMENT OF BIOCHEMISTRY B.298-B.368 HISTORY OF SCIENCE COMMITTEE UNIVERSITY GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS GONVILLE AND CAIUS COLLEGE FACULTY BOARD OF ORIENTAL STUDIES J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Cambridge University DEPARTMENT OF BIOCHEMISTRY B.1-B.41 Funding and administration of research B.42-B.230 Lectures B.231-B.234 Requests to visit B.235-B.260 General and miscellaneous Funding and administration of research B.1-B.20 Royal Society B.31-B.33 B.34-B.41 B.21-B.30 Rockefeller Foundation Other grants Royal Society Drugs, equipment etc Metabolism of the developing egg. 1925-1926; 1926-1927. Between 1925 and 1943, with a break in 1929 when Needham was in the USA, the Royal Society provided Needham with annual grants for equipment and comprises notifications of the sums awarded, Needham's accounts, invoices and receipts for goods bought with money from the grants, and lists of papers and research carried out for the year of the grant. Needham's manuscript list of Royal Society grants 1925-1943. supplies for research on this subject. The material J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Cambridge University 1927-1928. 1929-1930. 1930-1931. 1931-1932. Includes ‘List of papers published since the last report’. Includes ‘References to transactions, journals, etc in which 1932-1933. results have been printed since the date of the last report' and application for an emergency grant. 1933-1934. Includes ‘Investigations in progress or projected’. B.12, B.13 1937-1938. Includes ‘List of papers’. 1938-1939. 1935-1936. Includes ‘List of papers’. 1936-1937. Includes (at B.12) 'List of papers’. 2 folders. Includes (at B.9) ‘List of [published] papers' and list of main 1934-1935. research activities. 2 folders. specimens of newts from Poland by J.A. Bayger, May 1939. ‘The remarkable Bayger correspondence Laying-season of 1939'. Contents of Needham's envelope of so inscribed: correspondence re supply J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Cambridge University Needham imported newts from Poland, rather than Germany, on political grounds. However, on receipt of Bayger's claim for over 540 zlotys in expenses (to be set against the Royal Society grant) W.W. Nowinski, a Pole doing research under Needham in Cambridge, suggested the figure was far too high. Bayger wrote to Needham explaining his expenses and defending his integrity. 1939-1940. 1940-1941. 1941-1942; 1942-1943. Needham received awards for both these periods but in neither case was able to spend all the grant money and retumed the unspent balance to the Royal Society. Rockefeller Foundation Notice of award of Royal Society grant to F.G. Hopkins from the Messel Fund, 17 November 1938; ‘Report to the Royal Society on the grant made to Sir F.G. Hopkins for the work of Dr J. Needham and Mr C.H. Waddington on chemical aspects of organiser phenomena in amphibia (1938-1939)' by Needham. Europe. In 1934 the Rockefeller Foundation expressed its intention to fund work in the areas of embryology and genetics. Needham sought support from the Foundation for a research institute to bring together the various aspects of embryology then However, concern in Cambridge over the number of medical students entering the university (which included some studying in the biochemistry department) led to the The plans the correspondence and negotiations arising. There is also a little material relating to Needham’s attempts to find funding a more modest scale for his own and his colleagues’ embryological at research, and correspondence and papers from the Foundation's concern for the future of science in the event of Nazi victory in 1940 relating to being studied in Cambridge. papers document October put 1936. forward proposals for being suspended in institute and J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Cambridge University B.21-B.30 Correspondence, chiefly with officials of the Rockefeller Foundation, and papers re the plans for the institute and grants to Needham and his researchers. 1934. Includes 14pp draft letter to W.E. Tisdale, Assistant Director of the Foundation, setting out Needham's thoughts on the possible development of embryology in Cambridge with Rockefeller support. See also E.112. 1935 January, February. Includes draft memorandum by D.M. Wrinch, re requirements for an institute of embryology in the area of x-ray analysis, and 6pp draft of letter from Needham to Tisdale incorporating points made by Wrinch. 1935 March - June. Includes letter to the Secretary General of the Faculties suggesting the vacant Jacksonian Chair of Experimental Philosophy should be filled by a ‘crystal physicist’, and 4pp typescript 'Concrete memorandum forwarded to Rockefeller Foundation, June 16th 1935’. 1935 July - November. This was linked to a Includes final version Also 1936 January - August. includes 7pp typescript draft of Needham's 'Memorandum to the Vice- Chancellor and the Council of the Senate on the question of the extension of the Biochemical Laboratory’. Chiefly re support for C.H. Waddington. 1936 September - December. of Needham's ‘Memorandum...' as sent to the Vice-Chancellor, and correspondence and papers re possible Rockefeller funding for an extension to the Strangeways Research Laboratory. proposal that Needham and C.H. Waddington's work on embryology might be done at Strangeways. secure funding for research. 11pp typescript ‘Memorandum on Cambridge work on Organiser Includes correspondence with F.G. Hopkins re attempts to ca.1936. Phenomena’, 1937, 1938. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Cambridge University 1940. Correspondence re funding of science in Europe. Early in 1940 W. Weaver of the Rockefeller Foundation wrote to American colleagues asking them to suggest areas of science where Europeans were making the sole or significant progress, and to name individuals of key importance. He passed the results on to J.S. Huxley for information who circulated them to Needham and others. 1941-1942. Chiefly re grants to Needham for work on the shape of protein molecules. Other grants Accounts etc for 'Special grant 1934-5' to C.H. Waddington. Correspondence re unsuccessful applications for funding 1938. Draft application for research work on organiser phenomena. ca.1939. Drugs, equipment etc Correspondence and papers, 1922-1942. Includes correspondence with the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, Sir Halley Stewart Trust, Leverhulme Research Fellowships Committee and the Josiah Macy Jr Foundation, 1924. Chemicals; pyrex glassware. 1922. Chemicals; universal Condenser; micro-dissection apparatus; inositol. 1923 June, July, October. Rubber; laboratory rats. 1923 November, December. Rubber; mistletoe. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Cambridge University 1925. Micro-camera; colour reproduction. 1926-1930, nd. Millport; chemicals; micro-dissection apparatus; other scientific instruments. Marine Biological Association, etc from Scottish Fish Printed sales material for optical equipment, 1920s. 1937, 1942. Importation of insects; scientific instruments. Lectures The material The papers in this section were found in Needham's folders. was principally used by Needham for updating his lectures on biochemistry to postgraduates. The folders bore Needham's inscriptions listing the subjects covered by the material in the folders and usually an abbreviation referring to the course for The abbreviations 'CB', 'CP' and 'CPB' which the material was pertinent. refer to courses in comparative biochemistry, 'CE' or similar refers to a course in Chemical Embryology, 'IRA' to biochemical aspects of Integration, Regulation and Adaptation, and 'CE/IRA' to a combined course in the two given in the mid-1960s. These folders were in some cases also numbered. Some of the material was used in more than one course. A number of folders are very heavily inscribed and therefore have themselves also been preserved. Some of the material was also used by Needham in the preparation of his 1955 review article in the Annual Review of Physiology 17 (see F.353, F.354) - many folders bear the inscription 'ARP 54/55' or similar. Chemical Embryology The material is chiefly bibliographical references, notes on the literature and Many of the offprints have been annotated by Needham, some offprints. extensively, and some offprints have manuscript notes intercalated. The bulk of the material dates from the 1950s and 1960s although there is older material in some of the folders. There are also syllabuses and instructions for practical work. The catalogue entries give the abbreviation (where possible) and the main titles found on the folders. Comparative Biochemistry B.117-B.145 B.42-B.116 J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Cambridge University B.146-B.174 , (Biochemical aspects of) Integration, Regulation and Adaptation B.175-B.193 Chemical Embryology/Integration, Regulation and Adaptation B.194-B.229 Other folders B.230 Crystallography Comparative Biochemistry etc (old)'. Includes comparative ‘CP/Practical material Director of Marine biochemistry 1934; correspondence from E.J. of specimens, Biological February 1935; timetables for Part Il lectures Michaelmas term 1941 and Lent term 1942; list of 'Part II course criticisms'; manuscript notes. re Allen, re supply Association Laboratory, Plymouth teaching B.43 B.43-B.47 biochemistry and evolution’. ‘General & introductory CP/1 Manuscript and typescript notes. ‘Biochemistry Post-Graduate course' on comparative biochemistry, 6pp typescript, 1 March 1954; manuscript notes on course and students 1957- 1960. ‘Comp. Biochem. of Vision CP/1'. Offprints of G. Wald. 2 folders. ‘Fifties | new discoveries "sensations" ': chiefly press-cuttings, offprints re discovery of living coelacanth. Offprints by M. Florkin. Offprints by others. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Cambridge University B.50-B.52 ‘Comp. Biochem of Vision Retinene etc CP/1'. B.50 Manuscript notes. Offprints by Wald. Offprints by others. ‘Phosphagens CP/1'. Manuscript notes; offprints. ‘CP/1 phylogenetic phenomena’. Manuscript notes; offprints. ‘'CP/1 Offprints'. 2 folders. ‘Chem. ecol. CP/1 or 2’. Manuscript notes; offprints. Offprints by G.E. Hutchinson. B.60-B.63 ‘Accumulators Mg, Al, As, Sr esp V, Ni Manuscript notes; offprints by H.W. Smith. ‘Oceanography & Limnology CP/2'. Manuscript notes; offprints. 4 folders. CP/2'. Manuscript notes; offprints. ‘Kidney excrn papers CP/3'. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Cambridge University Offprints by others. B.66-B.69 ‘Osmoreguin papers CP/3'. B.66 Manuscript and typescript draft ?for lecture on ‘int. & ext. medium habita[7t] water-reins', includes one page dated 1944; manuscript graphs, notes. Offprints by J.A. Ramsay. Offprints by V.B. Wigglesworth. Offprints by others. Offprints by J.D. Robertson. Offprints by others. B.71 B.74 B.71-B.73 ‘Osmoregn 2 CP/3'. Manuscript notes and tables. ‘Osmoregn 1 CP/'. Manuscript notes. Manuscript notes. B.74-B.76 ‘Osmoregn 3 & respfiratio}n’. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Cambridge University Offprints by J.R. Robinson. Offprints by others. B.77-B.79 ‘Transition water-land CP/3'. B.77 Manuscript notes. Offprints by P.F. Scholander. Offprints by others. B.80-B.82 ‘Transition offprints. 3 folders. water-land metabolic rate adaptation’. Manuscript notes; B.85, B.86 B.85 ‘Insect waxes & water-loss CP/". ‘Inorg. metab. CP/'. Manuscript notes; offprints. ‘Animal luminescence CP/'. Manuscript notes; offprints. ‘Lectures on sterols and related substances’. '‘Lipins, sterols & waxes fat composition; manuscript notes; offprints. Fats CP/'. Letter from N.W. Pirie re evolution and Offprints by V.B.Wigglesworth. Manuscript notes; offprints. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Cambridge University Manuscript lecture notes for ‘Advanced class’. Manuscript notes on ‘Metabolic rate of hydrocarbons’; duplicated typescript formulae and manuscript list of hydrocarbons. B.90-B.93 ‘Nitrogen bases CP/". B.90-B.92 Typescript lecture notes and tables betaines and other compounds, paginated 1-102. 3 folders. on trimethylamine oxide, choline, Manuscript notes; offprints. B.94-B.97 ‘Nitrogen excretion CP/ mem Some notes in CE prot excr. file’. Offprints. 2 folders. B.98 Manuscript notes. Offprints. B.94 27pp typescript notes + figures and tables (?for slides). B.98, B.99 ‘Nitrogen metabolism enzymes etc CP/'. Manuscript notes on nitrogen excretion in various classes of animals. Manuscript notes; offprints. ‘Pigments (other than anthraquinone) (may follow on from sterols etc) CP/'. ‘pH reguin & anaerobiosis CP/'. Manuscript notes. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Cambridge University ‘Pigments, anthraquinone Manuscript notes, offprints. (for following up quinons and_ tanning)’. ‘Pigments. paginated 12-21, + figures; manuscript notes; offprints. carotenoids'. lipochromes_ Typescript notes on carotenoids, ‘Respn & Resp. pigments' CP/’. ‘Carbohydrate metabolism CB/'. Manuscript notes; offprint. B.106, B.107 ‘CPB/8 nutrition general by D.A. Waterhouse and R.F. Powing). 2 folders. digestion’. Manuscript notes and offprints (chiefly B.108, B.109 B.110-B.112 B.110 B.113 Offprints by G. Fraenkel. ‘CPB/8 Symbionts in relation to synthesis of essential food substances’. ‘CPB/8 Symbionts in rein to digestive enzymes’. Manuscript notes; offprints. 2 folders. Issue of Research Today 3 (1946) on ‘The chemistry of B vitamins' with manuscript notes and offprints intercalated. for biochemistry practical work. Schedule of work for advanced class, 1933 and 1934; correspondence 1928-1934, chiefly re specimens and supply of fish etc; printed information re aquaria; list of demonstrations for comparative biochemistry; course description for experimental biology; duplicated typescript instruction sheets B.113-B.116 ‘Comp. Bioch Practical’. Offprints by others. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Cambridge University B.114-B.116 Manuscript notes; duplicated typescript instruction sheets. 3 folders. Chemical Embryology B.117, B.118 ‘Chemical embryology O.S. CE/". B.117 Syllabuses and schedules of Needham's lectures 1928 (for course titled ‘Chemical aspects of growth and differentiation. (Metazoa)'), 1933-1938, 1953, 1956, 1961, 1963 and nd. Manuscript notes; Needham's envelope containing ‘Pictures | want lantern slides of'; booklet of biological and anatomical natural history models sent to Needham 1934. ‘Absorption (role of membranes yolk structure etc) CE/1'. Manuscript notes; offprints. ‘Water & pH relations CE/1'. Manuscript notes; offprints; figures. ‘Egg Chem. Constit. Normal developmt CE/1'. Manuscript notes; offprints. ‘Constit & Cleidocity CE/1'. Letter from M. Lafon, 1948, re work on chemical embryology; manuscript notes. ‘Egg P, Ca Metab CE/2'. Manuscript notes; offprints. ‘Egg Carb Metab CE/2'. glycolysis system, flavoproteins; manuscript notes. Duplicated typescript lists of dehydrogenases, the ‘Egg Fats, figures. Lipins, Steroids Metab. CE/2'. Manuscript notes; offprints; J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Cambridge University ‘Carbo. figures. glycogen Claude Bernard onwards CE/2'. Manuscript notes; ‘Horm - blood-sugar - especially relating to carbo-metab. CE/2'. notes; offprint. Manuscript ‘Vit CE/2'. Manuscript notes; offprint. ‘Energetics CE/3'. Manuscript notes. ‘Egg catabolism Respn Metab. rate CE/3, 4'. Manuscript notes; offprints. ‘Chem diffn of special tissues CE/4'. biochemistry of muscle development) 1951; manuscript notes; offprints. Material re Ph.D. examination (on the determination heteranxesis CE/4'. Manuscript ‘Egg Prot[ein] Metab Anabolic CE/4'. Manuscript notes; offprints. ‘Prot. Metab. Anabolic [...] CE/4'. Manuscript notes; offprint. ‘Egg Growth differentiation notes; figures; offprints, with letters re offprints 1955 and 1965. ‘Feather formation CE/5'. Manuscript notes 1940s. ‘Prot. Metab. catabolic N-excm etc CE/4'. Manuscript notes; offprints. ‘Spiegelman [...] CE/4'. Spiegelman; offprint by Spiegelman. Manuscript and typescript notes on work by S. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Cambridge University B.138, B.139 ‘Placenta CE/6'. B.138 Letter from A. St G. Huggett, 21 February 1931, with his comments on the proofs of Needham's section on ‘Biochemistry of the placental barrier’ in Chemical Embryology, with copy of the section; correspondence with A.H. Gordon re amino-acid levels in the amniotic and allantoic fluids, 1961. Manuscript notes; offprints. B.140-B.145 ‘Nuclear - cytoplasmic relations’. Needham's folders so inscribed. ‘transferred to catalogue entries. CE', and with These folders were also all inscribed the titles and other notes reproduced in ‘Classical work DNA & RNA invertebrate (holoblastic equal) ech[inoderms]. moll[uscs].' Manuscript notes; offprints. dg. emb. devel. NPR) Chick (classical chem. ‘DNA & RNA amphib unequal holoblastic’. Manuscript notes; offprints. ‘DNA RNA syn@ (meroblastic)'. Manuscript notes; figures. ‘NPR mamm. tissues & tiss-cults (reins of other entities to DNA; Davidson et suis)’. Manuscript notes; offprints by J.N. Davidson. offprints by J. Brachet. ‘Metab. of nucleate and non-nucleate fragments of cells'. Manuscript notes; ‘Developmental block [...]'. Manuscript notes; offprints. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 B.146-B.149 Cambridge University (Biochemical aspects of) Integration, Regulation and Adaptation Metabolic '[...] organisms standing orders IRA/1’. Integration, Regulation & Adaptation in Multicellular Needham's manuscript notes of lectures on 'Physico-Chemical Cytology’ given by R.A. Peters, dated 1921. Manuscript and typescript summaries, schedules etc for courses 1950-1952. Includes exchange with F.G. Young re length of Needham's course. Manuscript and typescript summaries, schedules etc for courses 1953-1957 and nd. ‘Recent advances in the biochemistry of organiser phenomena in vertebrate embryology’, Prague, 1957. Lists of topics (in English and Czech) and slides. ‘Analysis of cell structure and function [...] IRA/1'. Manuscript notes. ‘Subcellular morphology and biochemistry IRA/1'. Manuscript notes; offprint; duplicated sheets for Part 1B biochemistry course. ‘General & @eoretical IRA/1'. Manuscript and typescript notes, some relating to history of study in the area. ‘Claude etc [...] IRA/2'. Manuscript notes on pioneering work of A. Claude. ‘Histochem (sensu stricto) IRA/1 or 2'. Manuscript notes. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Cambridge University ‘Micro-manipulation notes; duplicated typescript papers on work of Fonbrune. microdissection & microinjection IRA/2'. Manuscript J. Comandon and P. De ‘Mitochondria offprints. Golgi bodies Cleavage asters IRA/2'. Manuscript notes; ‘Nuclear-cytoplasmic relations [...] IRA/2'. Manuscript notes; offprints. ‘Ultramicrochemical techniques in general Manuscript notes; offprint. Cylinder technique IRA/2'. ‘Ultramicrorespirometry (mainly protozoa) IRA/2 [and CE/5]'. notes; offprint. Manuscript B.162-B.164 B.162 Prim & Sec Organisers IRA/3’. Brachet et suis © Hammerling epigoni biochem. mech. of induction contd IRA/3'. ‘Biochem & morphogenesis lects ‘Amp prim. Manuscript notes; offprints. org[anise]r ‘Acetabularia biochemical work IRA/3'. Manuscript notes; offprint. Offprints by Needham. Duplicated typescript list of lectures and Needham's manuscript notes on lectures by C.P. Raven and J. Pasteels at ‘Edinburgh Entwicklungsmechanik Symposium March 1951' (see also H.83); manuscript notes (in French) for '3 lectures at Lyon April 1951' (see also H.84); ‘Suggested breakdown of 4 lectures on morphogenesis and differentiation...', 21 December 1961. Manuscript notes; offprints; etc. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Cambridge University ‘Enzyme-profiles nucleus & cytoplasm IRA/3'. Manuscript notes; offprint. ‘Subcellular morphol. & biochem. [...] IRA/3'. notes on lecture by de Duve 5 March 1954. Manuscript notes, including B.167-B.169 ‘Nuclear-cytoplasmic relations’. Needham's folders so inscribed. These folders were also inscribed 'IRA/4' and with titles reproduced in the catalogue entries and other notes. B.167, B.168 ‘General picture DNA RNA functions [...]'. B.167 Manuscript notes; duplicated typescript biosynthesis in micro-organisms. reference lists for lectures on ‘Isolation and transplantation [...]'. Manuscript notes; offprints. ‘Secondary conductors IRA/5-7'. Manuscript notes; offprint. ‘Toivonen [...] IRA/5-7'. Manuscript notes. Offprints. ‘Parthenogenesis notes; offprints. Einsele-Shaver ribonuclease as anti-mitotic'. Manuscript for terminology of chemical regulators in plants, 1952. ‘Plant inductors hormones |RA/8'. Manuscript notes; offprints; request from American Society of Plant Physiologists to comment on recommendations ‘Anisometric molecules IRA 5'. Manuscript notes; offprints. Flow birefringence and anomalous viscosity [...] J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Cambridge University Chemical Embryology/Integration, Regulation and Adaptation These folders were found between two markers indicating the ‘Beginning’ and the 'End of combined CE/IRA 63 65". ‘CE/IRA'. Manuscript outline of course October 1965. ‘Concluding ideas'. Manuscript ‘table for conclusion of whole IRA course’. ‘before Amd prim org[anise]r [...] IRA/2'. Manuscript notes. ‘Amphib Manuscript notes, some from 'JEEM conference’ April 1957. organiser RNA proteins fractionation primary CE/IRA 65’. IRA/5'. Manuscript [...] IRA/7'. fibrillar protoplasmic structure ‘Anisometric Manuscript notes; offprints. molecules ‘Amphib primary organiser RNA proteins and transmission CE/IRA 65". Manuscript notes; offprints. ‘Anisometric molecules other fibrillar structures [...] notes; offprints. Crust IRA/10'. Manuscript notes; offprints. ‘Dissociability of fundamental processes IRA CE/5'. proofs of article Biological Reviews 8 (1933); offprints; figures. Manuscript notes; by Needham 'Dissociability of fundamental processes’, ‘Ech. development double-gradient system [...]'. Manuscript notes. ‘Hormones Inverts in gen. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Cambridge University B.184-B.186 ‘Insect metamorphosis’ and ‘Biochem. of scaffolding structures (larval and pupal life)’. Needham's folders so inscribed. titles, which are reproduced in the catalogue entries, and other notes. These folders were also inscribed with ‘Biochem & metab. during sheets; offprints. CE/6'. Manuscript notes; duplicated typescript ‘Hormones reviews and ideas IRA/10 & CE/8'. Manuscript notes; offprints. ‘Hormones _ papers IRA/10 & CE/8'. Manuscript notes; offprints. '[...] Lithium story [...]. Manuscript notes. ‘Mitosis offprints. mitotic inhibitors [...] IRA/ temporarily omitted’. Manuscript notes; Mosaic egg morphogen [...] IRA/2'. Manuscript notes; offprints. ‘Mitosis (birefringence [...]) IRA/7'. Manuscript notes; offprints. ‘Mosaic egg biochem. Intracellular polar lobe inductions’. Manuscript notes; offprint. ‘Structure-proteins [...] IRA/5 & CE 4'. manuscript notes; offprint. ‘Niu papers CE/IRA 65'. Manuscript notes on work by M. C. Niu. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Cambridge University Other folders These folders were found with those listed above but are not marked with a course abbreviation. In many cases, however, the contents relate directly to topics covered in Needham's biochemistry courses. ‘Acquired tolerance Ontogenetics of antibody forms [...]'. Correspondence and papers re Ph.D. examination (on the effects of embryonic environment on post-hatching development of chicks) 1956; offprints. ‘Alk. phosphatase story from utilisation of Ca of shell in bone-formation’. Manuscript notes; offprints. ‘Amphib. metamorph. omitted 1956'. Manuscript notes. B.197, B.198 ‘Analogue - molecule specific inhibitns and radiomimetic cpds etc’. Manuscript B.197 Offprints. ‘Cancer fundamentals’. Manuscript notes; offprint. ‘Chondrogenetic iriduction [...]'. Manuscript notes. Manuscript notes, including notes ?on lectures by R.A. Peters, 16 February 1955 and D.W. Woolley, 2 November 1955. ‘Fructose story [...]'. Manuscript notes; offprint. ‘Fertilisation phenomena and cell cohesion in general [...]'. notes; offprints. ‘CPF succession of energy-sources and rein Aq. Terr.’ Manuscript notes. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Cambridge University ‘Gastrular metab’. Manuscript notes. 'h & t [head and tail organisers] leading to mesodermal inductor’. Manuscript notes; offprints, chiefly by Y.K. Okada and T. Hama. B.206-B.212 ‘Invert[ebrate]s'. Needham's folders so inscribed. titles, which are reproduced in the catalogue entries, and other notes. These folders were also inscribed with B.206, B.207 ‘Blood Chem. M. Florkin et al. Ammonaemia Aminoacidaemia Ureaemia etc’. Offprints by 2 folders. B.208-B.212 ‘Blood circn & coagn [...]'. Manuscript notes; offprints. 5 folders. B.214, B.215 ‘Muscle and electric organs insect mitochrondria etc’. Offprints. 2 folders. '[...] Non-phosph[orylating] glycolysis story’. Manuscript notes. ‘Nephic excretion etc and its evolution’. Manuscript notes; offprints. ‘Organ disaggregations to component g/layers [...]'. offprints. ‘Regen [...]'. Manuscript notes. ‘Plant photographs of 'Nétien & collabs Lyon carrot’, April 1951; offprints. Manuscript notes; tissue cultures of cambium of ‘Porphyrin Hb syn@esis in emb'. Manuscript notes; offprints. Manuscript notes; tissue culture & the Crown-Gall problem’. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Cambridge University ‘Serol [...]'. Manuscript notes. ‘Slime moulds Manuscript notes. combination and disaggregation in each life-history’. ‘Tartar Weisz etc on Stentor’. Offprints. ‘Tissue affinities & repulsions (germ layers) Tissue movements Biochem & Metab’. Manuscript notes, including notes on ?lecture by J.K.F. Holtfreter, Oxford 16 April 1940. ‘Tissue disaggregations [...]'. Manuscript notes; offprints. ‘Tissue disaggregations [...] & recombinations [...]'. Manuscript notes. ‘Tracheal respiration’. Manuscript notes; offprints. ‘Tissue & cell movements Teratomata’. Manuscript notes; offprint. ‘Vectorial determination and detmn of spatial axes [...]'. Letter from C. Robinow enclosing photographs of micro-organisms in myelin structure, 20 June 1941; manuscript notes; offprint. course...Elementary Physical and Chemical Crystallography’. Nd. Crystallography. ‘Note on the Typescript 1st-year proposed content of the new J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Cambridge University Requests to visit B.231 1934-1936. 1938-1949. 1954-1963. 1964-1973. General and miscellaneous B.235 Papers re Report of the Syndicate on the Medical Courses and Examination of the University, June 1932. The Report proposed changes to the medical courses offered at Cambridge, one of which involved transferring biochemistry from the Natural Sciences Tripos to Needham spoke for the biochemistry department in objecting to this proposal on the grounds that it would split the department and harm biochemistry's status as a pure science. a new Medical Sciences Tripos. Correspondence and papers, 1934, re career destinations of graduates of the Cambridge biochemistry department and employment options for biochemists. Fd, In 1938 the Association of Scientific Workers (ASW) stressed the need for an organisation to utilise effectively science in the country's defence in wartime. On the outbreak of war it again urged the need for the efficient use of scientists. The Cambridge branch of the ASW urged the authorities of university laboratories to draw up schemes for possible wartime research for scientists working in those laboratories and submit them to the government. Needham was involved in drawing up the scheme for workers in the biochemistry laboratory. B.237-B.251 Research in wartime, 1938-1942 J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Cambridge University Found with this material and kept with it are correspondence and papers relating to the Biochemistry Subcommittee of the Advisory Research Council of the Chemical Society and the Biology War Committee. Papers of the Association of Scientific Workers. draft by Needham of resolutions of the Cambridge branch. Includes rough manuscript ‘Biochemical Laboratory, Cambridge - Work which could be undertaken in time of war’, 4pp typescript with manuscript annotation, November 1938. Notice of meeting in Strangeways Laboratory, 19 September 1939, 'To discuss the various [research] problems suggested to decide which shall be immediately attacked [...]', with annotated list of ‘Investigations suggested’; correspondence from colleagues re war work; manuscript notes ?from meeting. B.240-B.242 B.244-B.247 B.240-B.243 ‘Memorandum on present work and suggested problems. Biochemical Department.’ Cambridge Typescript and manuscript draft. 3 folders. This comprises the original or retyped replies of members of the department and other workers in the laboratory. Needham had asked all workers in the laboratory to suggest ways in which their current work could be utilised in the war effort or how otherwise their knowledge and skills might be used. He assembled their replies in the memorandum. subsumed within that of the Biology War Committee (B.248-B.251). In October 1939 Needham met with R.A. Peters and J.H. Quastel to discuss coordination of wartime work in biochemistry on a national scale. It was felt this should be done through a specially constituted subcommittee. The largely been subcommittee was suspended in Typescript draft, 8pp with extensive manuscript correction and annotation; 6pp duplicated typescript. Biochemistry Subcommittee of Chemical Society the Advisory Research Council of the 1941 as its role had J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Cambridge University Correspondence with colleagues re proposed subcommittee, October - November 1939; manuscript notes; miscellaneous material found therewith. Papers for first meeting of the subcommittee, 24 November 1939. papers are annotated by Needham. Some Correspondence arising from first meeting; agenda and papers for second meeting, 17 January 1940. Correspondence and papers, January 1940 - November 1941. Includes letter, 17 February 1940, re flavouring properties of monosodium glutamate, summarised report of research workers 31 May 1940 and minutes of final meeting, 29 October 1940. B.248-B.251 Biology War Committee in 1941 as the Biological War Includes Committee was formed Papers of introductory statement on origin of the committee. of committee, meeting first 30 October 1941. This by representatives from the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, Medical Research Council and Agricultural Research Council being joined by representatives of learned societies and academics. The committee met to channel information and ideas for research between government and biological scientists and to prepare reports on ‘any aspect of the War which is essentially biological or which has biological implications’. Papers of meeting, 17 September 1942. Papers of meetings, 4 December 1941 and 5 February 1942. Papers of meetings, 2 April and 18 June 1942. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Cambridge University Correspondence with A.C. Chibnall re future of department of biochemistry, 1943-1946. Chibnall succeeded F.G. Hopkins in the Biochemistry, Cambridge in 1943 (see C.21). Sir William Dunn Chair of Includes note on ‘Post-war needs of the Department of Biochemistry’ by Chibnall, 10 January 1944 and first draft of Needham's March 1944 letter to Chibnall re the post-war organisation of the biochemistry department, Needham's own position within it and his plans for future work (see also C.24). Animal experimentation licence 1942-1947. Exchange with F.G. Young re future direction of Needham's work and his existing and coming commitments, September 1949. Young succeeded A.C. Chibnall Biochemistry, Cambridge following 1949. the in Chibnall's resignation William Sir Dunn Chair of in September Correspondence, October 1953 - June 1954 re visit to Marine Biological Association Plymouth Laboratory. ‘Hopkins reprint collection’. Contents of Needham's folder so inscribed: correspondence and papers re housing F.G. Hopkins's offprint collection in the biochemistry department, 1950. Needham visited the Laboratory in June 1954 with two graduate students to initiate a scheme to give young biochemical researchers with a physico- chemical training experience of marine biological work. of Biochemistry and Faculty Boards of Biology to the report. The report of the Committee recommended changes in courses, particularly those offered in Part |. The papers reflect the reactions of the Department Papers re First Report to the General Board of the Committee appointed to review the Natural Sciences Tripos, 1961-1962. 2 folders. B.257, B.258 J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Cambridge University Duplicated typescript papers ‘Notes on the means of entry to the University of Cambridge with the intention to study biochemistry’ and ‘Notes on the subjects which may be studied at school as preparation for entry to University course in biochemistry’, 1963. 6pp duplicated typescript draft account of the Department 1914-1963 by F.G. Young, sent to Needham for comment 17 September 1963. With Needham's manuscript corrections. UNIVERSITY GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS B.261-B.263 Correspondence and papers re car parking, 1932-1934. Needham and other members of scientific laboratories requested that more car parking spaces should be provided in the area to the south of Downing Street. In 1934 after representations had been made, a Syndicate on Accommodation for Motor Vehicles was established and it presented its recommendations in May. Needham served on the syndicate. 1932, 1933. Manuscript notes etc. Papers for meetings of the Syndicate on Accommodation for Motor 1934. Vehicles; letter from D. Keilin arising from its recommendations, May. the material is newspaper cuttings. On the death of Field Marshal Smuts, two candidates were put forward for the Chancellorship: Lord Tedder and Pandit Nehru, Prime Minister of India. Needham supported Nehru. However, Nehru was not consulted before his nomination and subsequently indicated that he would decline to accept it. The prospect of a contest caused considerable media interest and much of Note on ‘Student's Inter-Faculty Co-ordinating Committee’, 3pp typescript, ca.1938; papers re memorandum on teamwork by Ph.D. candidates, 1941. B.265, B.266 Papers re election of Chancellor of Cambridge University 1950. 2 folders. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Cambridge University B.267-B.271 Papers re Report of General Board on the Development of the University 1956-1962. The Report initiated debate about the proportion of science and technology courses and students to those of the humanities courses and students within the university. a humanities component into science courses and proposed a 'Principles of Science’ Tripos. Needham argued for the introduction of Senate House discussions on the Report 31 January and 1 May 1956. Needham's notes on proceedings and 5pp typescript 'remarks' delivered at the second discussion. Needham's manuscript notes on Senate House discussion 5 November 1957; manuscript and typescript drafts of 'The proposed "Principles of Science Tripos" 16 November 1957, with copy of article. by Needham, published in Cambridge Review, ' Printed background material. The report recommended the establishment of Principles of Science Tripos. Papers of Department of Biochemistry staff meeting 7 March 1962 to discuss courses in principles of science. Letter to Needham re General Board committee to consider combined arts and science courses, 23 January 1959; ‘Report of the General Board on course combining arts and science’, 8 June 1960. compulsory entry requirement. Papers for Department of Biochemistry staff meeting to discuss changes to Natural Sciences Tripos, 15 February 1956, annotated by Needham; papers re possible extension to the Department funded by the Wellcome Trust, May 1956. Needham was opposed to ending knowledge of a classical language as a Papers re abolition University, 1959-1960. B.273, B.274 of Latin as an entry requirement for Cambridge J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Cambridge University Drafts of memoranda by Needham to the Vice-Chancellor setting out his views; manuscript notes. Printed material etc. Manuscript notes on ‘Senate House Sociology Discussion 26/1/60". Papers, March - May 1961, re discussion meetings on possible widening of the history course to include more non-European history. Correspondence with H. Lazard re Lazard Foundation, 1962-1963. Miscellaneous papers 1962-1964. B.279-B.284 ‘University teaching, readerships etc'. Contents of Needham's folders so inscribed: correspondence and papers re reaction to Report to the General Board of the Committee on Teaching, 1964. Report to the General Board of the Committee on Teaching 1 May 1964, with Needham's manuscript notes intercalated. The Report, issued on 1 May, recommended the establishment of minimum teaching requirements for Professors and Readers. Needham opposed this and drafted a memorandum for presentation at the discussion of the Report at Senate House on 9 June. Senate House, 9 June. Drafts of Needham's memorandum setting out his views on the Report, with manuscript notes on the comments of colleagues to whom Needham had sent drafts. Manuscript notes on discussion of Report by Association of University Teachers, 2 June, and manuscript notes and printed reports of discussion at J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Cambridge University 14pp duplicated typescript ‘Summary of recommendations affecting them in the report [...]'. views of Colleges on main B.283, B.284 Miscellaneous background material: manuscript notes, lists etc. 2 folders of Professors B.285-B.288 Correspondence and papers re reaction to reports to the Council of Senate on the administrative organisation of the University, 1967-1968. Needham had strong reservations about certain aspects of the reports, which he recorded in a memorandum. Needham's annotated copies of Report to the Council of Senate on the 13 October 1967 and of administrative organization of the University, comments of the Faculty Board of Oriental Studies on the Report, 13 November 1967. Manuscript and typescript drafts of Needham's memorandum for the Senate House discussion of the Report, 28 November. Correspondence from colleagues who had received copies of Needham's memorandum; marked copy of published discussion; fly-sheets for placet and non-placet. Needham was unable to present the memorandum in person and intended it to be given by a colleague. In the event the memorandum was not read and therefore could not be incorporated in the published discussions. However, it was widely circulated and received support. University Combination Room in the Old-Schools building. First report of the Council of Senate on the administrative organisation of the University, 7 June 1968. This revised the report of 13 October. Annotated copy; typescript of Needham's remarks during the discussion; correspondence re fly-sheet. Manuscript notes on 'UCR discussion’, 7 May 1968, re proposal to close the J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Cambridge University B.290-B.295 Development of west Cambridge. From the mid-1960s it became clear that the University would have to expand in order to accommodate the needs of the University's science departments. The 1965 Report to the General Board of the Committee of the Board on the long-term needs of scientific departments concluded redevelopment of city centre sites would be insufficient and recommended the relocation of scientific departments to west Cambridge. The University accepted the recommendation. In November 1969, however, land nearer the centre of Cambridge became available when Jesus College decided to sell its rifle range and offered the University the opportunity to buy it. The site was mooted for the new Cavendish laboratory. The material associated moves to sell off certain central city sites for redevelopment. relates to the developments in west Cambridge and to Report to the General Board of the Committee of the Board on the long-term needs of scientific departments, 8 December 1965. Includes typescript drafts of Needham's and B.M. Papers for meeting of Cambridge Colleges' Committee, 23 May 1970. Opposition to building Turbomachinery Laboratory on Madingley Road, August 1969. The meeting was principally concerned with the possible development of the rifle range site. Discussion of west Cambridge development in Senate House, 25 November 1969. Shaffer's memoranda opposing the development. construction of a multi-storey carpark. Needham opposed this. Correspondence and papers re Lion's Yard development, June-November 1970. The University planned to sell Lion's Yard to the City Council for the Further correspondence and papers re rifle range site, May 1970. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Cambridge University Correspondence re honorary degrees 1969-1971. Correspondence re borrowing periodicals from the university library, January 1972; letter re nursery and creche facilities in the university, 1976. HISTORY OF SCIENCE COMMITTEE In 1936, at Needham's suggestion, a committee was established, supported by the Faculty Boards of Biology, Physics and Chemistry, to arrange courses of lectures in the history of science. Needham was the first Chairman and Secretary of this History of Science Lectures Committee. The first history of science lectures were delivered in Michaelmas Term 1936. Lecturers included some of the leading scientists of the day - including Barcroft, W.H. Bragg, Eddington, Hopkins and Rutherford - and the collected lectures were published by Cambridge University Press. In early 1939 the Committee was suspended but it was re-formed in May 1942, with Needham again as Chairman (succeeded by H. Butterfield on Needham's departure for China). In 1944, following the presentation of R.S. Whipple's collection of historical scientific instruments and books to the University, it was proposed to create a university museum for the history of science to be followed in due course by a department of the history of science. The establishment of a History of Science Committee was approved by the University in November 1945 and the reorganised committee began work in March 1947. The Committee continued to arrange lectures as before but also planned for the establishment of teaching posts in the history of science and the creation of the history of science museum. In October 1950 an Assistant Lecturer was appointed, attached to the Faculty of History. In 1951 the half-subject ‘History and Philosophy of Science’ was introduced into the Natural Sciences Tripos (Part |), a Committee of Management for the History and Philosophy of Science having been established to oversee this. In 1956 the History of Science Committee and the Committee of Management were merged to become the History and Philosophy of Science Committee. Needham served until 1971 (Chairman 1962-1964). Comenius Tercentenary Committee papers and correspondence B.355, B.356 Writings of Gerrard Winstanley and the Diggers B.298-B.306 Lectures B.307-B.354 B.357-B.368 J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Lectures B.298-B.306 Cambridge University Manuscript and typescript draft of ‘Background to Modern Science. Ten lectures at Cambridge arranged by the History of Science Committee 1936’. 9 folders. This was the first series of history of science lectures organised by the Committee. The collected lectures were edited by Needham and W. Pagel and published by Cambridge University Press in 1938. Committee papers and correspondence Principally committee papers of the History of Science Committee 1947- 1955, the Committee of Management for the History and Philosophy of Science 1950-1955, and the History and Philosophy of Science Committee 1956-1971. The material was found in Needham's own folders, arranged chronologically. the establishment of the History of Science Lectures Committee and the first series of lectures. little correspondence relating Also includes a to Includes correspondence in which Needham expresses disquiet at 1948. the direction being taken by History of Science Committee. 1935-1936, 1938. Correspondence re establishment of History of Science Lectures Committee and programme of lectures for 1936-1937 and 71939. Sent to Needham by W. Pagel, 20 September 1969 and 12 April 1970. 1944-1947. Includes 'Second Memorandum on the revision of the Natural Sciences Tripos' by J.A. Ratcliffe, 3pp duplicated typescript, 4 November 1946; 'Mr Robinson's syllabus of economics for science students', 2pp duplicated typescript, 2 December 1946. 1949-1950 March. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Cambridge University 1950 May. Philosophy of Science. Meetings of Committee of Management for the History and this stage the Committee was divided At to consider the introduction of the subject into Parts | and II of the Natural Sciences Tripos separately. two, into 1950 June. Management for the History and Philosophy of Science. Preparation of report to the University by Committee of 1950 July - December. 1952 January - May. and Philosophy of Science. Includes draft scripts for first examinations in History 1952 October - December. 1953. Cambridge for Whipple Museum. 1954 January - June. ‘The teaching in Cambridge of the philosophy of science’ by 1952 June. M.M. Braithwaite, 52pp typescript. Includes correspondence re possible use of St Michael's Church, 1955 May. Includes material re establishment of Diploma course. 1954 July - November. course in History and Philosophy of Science. Includes material re establishment of Diploma J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Cambridge University 1955 June, July. Includes material re establishment of Diploma course. 1955 November. Includes material re establishment of Diploma course. 1956 January - June. Cambridge. Includes correspondence with A. Koslow re visit to 1956 October, December. 1957 March - September. 1957 November. Includes correspondence with D.J. Price re developments in history of science. 1959 January - March. 1959 April - July. 1959 October, November. 1961 October. 1961 February - June. Includes letter and manuscript note re talk by Needham to the British Society for the History of Science on the history of science at Cambridge, 13 May. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Cambridge University At the meeting of 1962. 29 May Needham was elected Committee Chairman from October 1962, and it was agreed to begin moves towards a Department of the History and Philosophy of Science. 1964 February, March. 1964 May - October. 1965 January - April. Includes ‘Request for the formation of a Department of History and Philosophy of Science’, 2pp duplicated typescript. 1965 May - November. development of history of science at Cambridge. Includes correspondence with M.M. Davies re 1966 November. 1966 February, May. 1966 October, November. 1968-1969. Curatorship of Whipple Science Museum. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Cambridge University Includes letter from Needham to Lord Annan re possible closure of College Philosophy of Science Department at University 1969. History and London. 1969. Lecturership. 1970 February - Wellcome Unit for the History of Medicine at Cambridge. Includes material re possible establishment of April. 1970 May. 1970 July - October. Includes exchange re Wellcome Unit. 1970. Curatorship and Assistant Lecturership. 1971-1972. 1973-1977. Colloquia and seminars. Writings of Gerrard Winstanley and the Diggers Typescript summary of the project and lists of Digger writings. In January 1941 L.D. Hamilton of the Oxford University History Society proposed a book of selected writings of the seventeenth century radical Gerrard Winstanley and others in the Digger movement. The proposal was put to Cambridge University Press through the History of Science Lectures Committee. Correspondence 1941-1942, principally from Hamilton and C. Hill. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Comenius Tercentenary Cambridge University The official commemoration was held Papers relating to the celebration of the 300th anniversary of the visit of the Czech theologian and writer Comenius (Jan Amos Komensky) to England in in the Senate House of 1641. Cambridge University, A Comenius Tercentenary Committee was established, on which sat Needham (Convenor), Butterfield and Sir William Dampier, all members of the History of Science Lectures Committee. The papers delivered during the commemoration were edited by Needham and subsequently published by Cambridge University Press as The Teacher of Nations (working title Science and Free Peoples). 24 October 1941. B.357-B.361 Correspondence re the organisation of the official commemoration and subsequent publication. The chief correspondent is R.F. Young, the leading British scholar on Comenius. February - May 1941. Includes letter from J. Masaryk asking Young to form a committee to organise a commemoration of Comenius. Young passed a copy of the letter on to Needham. June - August 1941. September, October 1941. B.362 Folder also includes poster for talk on ‘Comenius as seen by a British scientist’ by Needham to Czechoslovak-British Friendship Club, London, 27 May. November, December 1941. Includes 'The problem of Central European youth’, 8pp typescript sent to Needham and 3pp typescript on post-war reconstruction referring to problems of youth by the painter O. Kokoschka. on proceedings; manuscript notes of invitees etc. Publicity booklet; poster; programme in Czech; Needham's manuscript notes B.362, B.363 Cambridge Commemoration. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Cambridge University Press-releases; press-cuttings. Czechoslovakia, 30 September 1941, on Comenius. includes Also issue of The Spirit of B.364-B.367 Typescript drafts of chapters of book. 4 folders. The chapters were sent to Needham for editing by their authors and bear his sometimes extensive manuscript corrections. Annotated and corrected first proofs. FACULTY BOARD OF ORIENTAL STUDIES Needham was made a member of the Faculty of Oriental Languages (later Oriental Studies) in October 1949. B.369 B.369-B.373 General correspondence, 1947-1969. Includes letter from Needham re vacant Professorship in Includes correspondence with researchers wishing to work on 1951, 1952. Chinese Language and History. 1947-1949. the history of science and technology in the Far East. 1967-1969. Prospective students. 1953, 1954. Supervision of student. 1955-1962. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Cambridge University B.374-B.376 Papers for Faculty Board of Oriental Studies meetings, 1963-1968. those Only annotations have been retained. papers for meetings which bear Needham's manuscript There is Cambridge University Archives. a complete set of papers of the Faculty Board meetings in 1963, 1964. 1965. Includes papers re proposed East Asian Centre in Cambridge. 1966-1968. GONVILLE AND CAIUS COLLEGE B.378-B.388 is Miscellaneous correspondence, 1976-1980. Governing Body, Ordinary College and General meetings. Needham was a Fellow of Gonville and Caius College from 1924. He served as Librarian of the College 1959-1960 and President 1959-1966. In 1966 he was appointed Master, a post he held to 1976. The material covers the period 1976-1980, and meetings, some annotated by Needham. correspondence. women undergraduates to the college, and the state of the college library. 1977 April, October. chiefly papers for little related Subjects raised in this period include the admission of There is also a 1976. 1977 January. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Cambridge University 1978 January. 1978 April. 1978 October. 1979 January. 1979 April, May, October. 1980 January. 1980 February - April. 1980 April, October. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 SECTION C SINO-BRITISH SCIENCE COOPERATION OFFICE (SBSCO) C.1-C.166 Needham's interest in China dated from contact with Chinese colleagues at Cambridge from the mid 1930s. He taught himself Mandarin Chinese and began to study Chinese science and history. In 1939, responding to appeals for assistance, he and his wife offered to go to China to help in the reconstruction of Chinese science. Meanwhile Needham was active in seeking support for Chinese academics in the UK. Early in 1942 Needham and E.R. Dodds, Regius Professor of Greek at Oxford, were invited to visit China under the auspices of the British Council. They arrived in the autumn of 1942, Needham travelling via the USA. In China Needham was made Head of the British Scientific Mission and later Scientific Counsellor to H.B.M. Embassy at Chungking (then the ‘acting-capital' of China). Under the auspices of the British Council Needham established the Sino-British Science Cooperation Office (SBSCO) and became its first Director. The SBSCO was responsible for assessing the needs of Chinese scientific, technological and medical institutions and researchers, and facilitating the supply of equipment, medicines, books and journals to China. Needham made several journeys through China, visiting many institutions to assess for himself the needs of Chinese research and teaching In a letter of 22 January 1946 (C.32) to A.C. Chibnall Needham set out the logistical achievements of the SBSCO: '...With 17 scientists (5 British, 12 Chinese), not all present at one time...we visited 300 laboratories, was later joined by his wife Dorothy who was appointed Associate Director of the SBSCO. journals. We sent 150 original MSS by Chinese authors to the west for publication, and 200 Chinese scientific equipment for Chinese scientists; we flew in some 7,000 scientific and technical books centres. He also gave many lectures on a variety of subjects from biochemistry to world politics. He worth many millions of Chinese $, and microfilm and actual copies of 200 leading British scientific covering over 25,000 km journeys; we flew in by RAF over the hump [£]60,000 worth some tons of awarded Needham the Order of the Brilliant Star with Cravat in recognition of his work in promoting adviser to the National Resources Commission, the Chinese Airforce Research Bureau and the community and elected to a number of academies including the Academia Sinica and Peiping National Academy. Needham left China in February 1946. In October 1947 Chiang Kai-Shek Chinese Army Medical Administration. He was also warmly received by the Chinese scientific In addition to his role as Director of the SBSCO, the Chinese Government appointed Needham scientific journals. Exchanges of information were innumerable’. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Sino-British Science Cooperation Office good relations between Britain and China. It was presented to Needham by the Chinese Ambassador to Britain in July 1949. Needham wrote regular reports on the organisation and state of science in China for Nature and in 1948 edited the book Science Outpost which described the work of the Sino-British Science Cooperation Office. Needham's experiences in heading the SBSCO, an experience in scientific cooperation between nations, was crucial to his formulation of plans for wider international science cooperation within the new UNESCO. The papers include correspondence, manuscript notes and typescript drafts and printed and duplicated papers. Some material is on rice paper and in consequence fragile. The material is presented as follows: C.1-C.15 3 ORIGINS OF THE CHINA MISSION C.16-C.55 C.79-C.138 C.147-C.166 C.71-C.78 LECTURES C.56-C.70 VISITS TO INSTITUTIONS GENERAL CORRESPONDENCE MISCELLANEOUS MATERIAL REPORTS, PUBLICATIONS AND BROADCASTS C.139-C.146 ADMINISTRATIVE J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Sino-British Science Cooperation Office ORIGINS OF THE CHINA MISSION Correspondence and papers, 1939-1942 re British support for Chinese universities and academics, Chinese students in Britain and correspondence re Needham's departure for China. 1939 January - November. Chiefly re the Needhams' offer to go to China to assist in the reconstruction of Chinese science. Lectures by Chung-Shu Lo, appealing to British universities for assistance for Chinese universities: ‘The past and the present of Chinese university education’, 4pp duplicated typescript, London, 4 August 1939. ‘Some ideas on cultural co-operation’, 8pp typescript, Oxford, 15 November 1939. British universities: a plea for co- 1940 January. ‘A suggestion of cultural co-operation between Cambridge University and Chinese universities', 4pp typescript, Cambridge, 8 December 1939. 1939 December. The correspondence is chiefly with Lo re his lectures and the ideas put forward therein. 'A statement by some teachers in Oxford to those teachers and other men of learning in China...' supporting the call for cooperation. Includes draft of ‘Chinese university education and operation’, 4pp duplicated typescript, Oxford, nd. and Chinese students in Cambridge. Following the Oxford statement an informal Anglo-Chinese Intellectual Co- operation Committee was established Needham was In this capacity he drafted a statement on co-operation between secretary. British and Chinese universities for Cambridge academics to sign. The material is chiefly correspondence re the statement from those asked to sign. Includes correspondence re Universities China Committee 1940 February. in Cambridge. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Sino-British Science Cooperation Office 1940 March - December. visit November. to China, and Includes correspondence re possible sabbatical 19 issues of ‘Cambridge China Bulletin’; 12 and 1941 March - May. Includes request from Chinese Central News Agency for Needham to issue a statement calling for national unity, of Needham's statement. draft with This statement was requested of Needham, in view of the high esteem in which he was held in China, in order to ease tensions between the Communists and the Kuomintang government. 1941 June - October. Includes correspondence with British Council re Includes typescript notes of discussion meeting 1942 January - February. on the post-war settlement and problems in the Far East, New York, 19 January (Needham was not present); notice of election as Honorary Life member of the Cambridge Chinese Students Society; correspondence re China Campaign Committee day school on China, Colchester, Essex, 29 March (Needham was asked to speak on Anglo-Chinese relations). 1942 August. Arrangements for visit. 1942 July. Arrangements for visit to China. 1942 March - June. invitation to visit China as Visiting Professor at the Academia Sinica. Press-cuttings re Needham's visit to China; miscellaneous manuscript notes. 1942 October, and nd. Arrangements for visit. 1942 September. Arrangements for visit. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Sino-British Science Cooperation Office GENERAL CORRESPONDENCE period Correspondence from later correspondence arising from contacts made while in China. The later letters most frequently: concern attempts to research and employment opportunities for Chinese students and academics. There is also 1987 correspondence re historical research relating to Needham's time in China. of Needham's stay China, find and in 1942 November, December. Chiefly re visits to colleagues in USA en route to China. See also H.50. Includes papers re meeting on problems of the War organised by the journal Science and Society, 28 November 1942. Needham was a member of the panel discussing the utilisation of scientists in wartime. C.17-C.20 ‘Excerpts JN's Letters from China’. Contents of Needham's folder so inscribed divided into four for ease of reference: typescript extracts from Needham's letters home February - November 1943. April - June. February, March. July - September. The first extract is headed ‘Impressions of the first thirty-six hours in China asked for by Margaret Mead’ but the letters appear to have been originally written to his wife Dorothy. They contain personal news (food, descriptions of hosts etc), information on scientific institutions visited and geographical, anthropological etc impressions of China. includes draft of Needham's telegram of congratulation. See also B.252. The Dunn Professorship of Biochemistry became vacant on the retirement of F.G. Hopkins. Needham was invited to apply in February 1943 but felt his work in China took priority. The Chair went to A.C. Chibnall and the folder 1943. Telegrams re Sir William Dunn Chair of Biochemistry, Cambridge. October, November. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Sino-British Science Cooperation Office 1943 April - July. Includes correspondence re invitation to Needham to visit South America on a goodwill mission. In his reply declining the invitation, 25 June, Needham sets out his plans for the work in China. 1943 September - December. 1944 January - March. Includes drafts of letter to Chibnall re the post-war organisation of the biochemistry department, his own position within it and his plans for work on the history of Chinese science and technology. See also B.252. : 1944 April, May. 1944 June - August. 1945 January - March. 1945 April, May. visit to USA. Chiefly correspondence from Lu Gwei-Djen reporting on Includes press cutting 1944 September - December. recording the establishment of an office under 'Sir Joseph Needham...to promote scientific and technical contacts' between the UK and China, October, and press release and press cutting re Needham's brief return to the UK, December. Tun Hwang caves. 1945 June - August. Includes Needham's 6pp typescript letter to the British Council, 2 July, setting out his views on the Council's work in Iran and Iraq. 1945 September - December. Includes correspondence re conservation of J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Sino-British Science Cooperation Office 1946 January - March. letter announcing the end of Needham's work in China, and letter to Chibnall, 22 January, setting out the achievements of the SBSCO and some of his plans and expected future activities. Includes draft Includes copy of 1946 April. letters from Chinese scientists thanking Needham for his services to Chinese science and material re proposed Chinese Institute in London. 1946 May. Includes correspondence re by the departures of Needham, his wife and G. Sanders. filling vacancies in SBSCO created 1946 June, experiences in China. July. Includes requests to Needham to lecture on his 1946 October. Includes correspondence re posts in China. 1946 November, December. Includes correspondence with 1946 August. West. Chiefly re research and employment opportunities in the 1946 September. Chiefly re research and employment opportunities. 1947 March - September. 1947 January, February. R. Hartog re expedition to Amne Machin mountain range on China-Tibet border, and correspondence with R.A. Silow, Director of the Science Office of the British Council in China. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Sino-British Science Cooperation Office 1947 October - December. of the Order of the Brilliant Star with Cravat of the Republic of China. Includes correspondence re award to Needham Needham wished to receive the award, presented by Nationalist government, before the Communists took power in China. He received royal permission to receive the Order on 2 June 1949 and was presented with it on 14 July. See also A.94, C.43, C.47. the 1948 January - March. Chiefly re scholarship applications of T.C. Tsao. Also includes newspaper cutting re work of R.A. Silow, and correspondence re Order of the Brilliant Star. 1948 April - August. Includes invitation to meeting of Chinese 1948 September - December. science societies, Nanking, 9-11 October (Needham did not attend but sent a message of goodwill to the meeting) and correspondence re Message for the Anniversary of Nanking University by Needham, broadcast on BBC Chinese Service, 11 November. Includes typescript account of fall sent Includes draft programme and manifesto of first impressions of Communist rule, February, 1949 Campaign for a World Truce. March. of Nanking to the 1949 April - June. Communist forces and to Needham in June, and correspondence re Order of Brilliant Star (see C.42 above). Welfare Appeal 'Friendship Dinner’, New York, 5 May. 1949 October - December. Birmingham University on science in China. Includes material re Needham's remarks at China Includes correspondence re lectures at 1949 July - September. 1950 January - July. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Sino-British Science Cooperation Office 1950 September - December. Includes report on ‘Scientific research and university education’ by C.C. Chu, Vice-President of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 29 October. 1952-1953. Includes correspondence re research on Sir Horace Seymour, UK 1987. ambassador to China 1942-1946. VISITS TO INSTITUTIONS The great majority of Needham’s notes are numbered. The sequence runs from 1 in Needham's notebook at C.56. to 297 and the index to most of the sequence (nos. 1-220) is In China Needham made a great number of visits to scientific, medical, industrial and educational institutions throughout China. He kept manuscript notes of his visits, in Chinese and in English, recording the history of the institution, the research being done, colleagues he met and the needs of the institution for scientific support from UK. He also reported on his visits to the British Council and published accounts of his travels in a series of articles in Nature (see C.79-C.94). those listed in C.56 as being ‘secret. The sequence is not complete: not all numbers were used for the sequence (such as 28-36) and some notes were missing from the envelopes, including Hardback pocket notebook labelled 'Visits' on spine. Most pages not used. Loose at back is sketch map of West China Union University campus. C.57-C.69 Manuscript notes on visits, 1-297. Notes kept in a series of envelopes inscribed ‘Visits to institutions’. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Sino-British Science Cooperation Office 110-130. 131-151. notes on visit 153, to 187-210. 169-185. manuscript 153-168. Also Dorothy Needham's notes on visits 153-159. Needham's original ‘'E.M.S.T.S. [Emergency Medical Service Training School]', Kweiyang, are to be found in the collection of papers of Needham held by the Imperial War Museum, London, NCUACS 55/4/95, folder no. 71. 262-273. 211-221, 257-260. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 LECTURES Sino-British Science Cooperation Office 285-297. Unnumbered manuscript notes on visits to Chinese institutions. Needham delivered many lectures in connection with his service in China, frequently in association with his visits to various institutions. The material is manuscript and typescript notes and drafts for lectures, usually with title or subject area given but less often with date, location or English with occasional Chinese audience. additions but in Chinese transcribed into Latin characters. The notes are usually in out a few are written of ‘Some of the titles List Needham, FRS, is prepared to give’. of lectures and addresses which Dr Joseph See also G.57-G.62. ‘GD Washington 15th Nov. 1942 Ko-shioh Hui fénghui (branch)' intended for New York branch Tzu-rjan ‘Sunday talk to Xtn [Christian] students' on science and religion, Kunming 13 March 1943; Lanchow 6 September 1943 and Shaown 28 May 1944. The list includes general lectures on the organisation of science and the sociology and philosophy of science, and more specialised lectures on biochemical and biological subjects and on the history of science. Chinese Scientific Societies, Beipei, Szechuan, July 1943. 13pp typescript. Typescript report on lecture on Science and Society, West China Union University, Hwa Ta, 4 May 1943. ‘International science co-operation in war and peace’, Annual Conference of ‘Hoppy & Cambridge Biochemistry at [?T’ango] Sci Club’, March 1943. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Sino-British Science Cooperation Office ‘Talk to Government officials @ Lanchow - Kansu Prov. Gov.', 17 November 1943. Lecture to 'Lanchow Rotary Club' on the work of the SBSCO, 18 November 1943. ‘Science and agriculture in China and the West', Agricultural Association of China, Chungking, 22 February 1944. 9pp typescript and manuscript draft; printed copy (in Chinese). ‘Science and democracy’, Hsienrjéngmiao, May 1944 and Kioayang Science Institute, August 1944. ‘Science and Industry’, Yunnan Industrial Federation Club, 7 October 1944. ‘Abstract of a lecture on Science and civilisation in China given before the Science Society of China, Chekiang University, Meitan, October 1944’. Report to Executive Committee of British Council, UK, 12 December 1944. Work of SBSCO, Universities China Committee, UK, 13 December 1944. Science and Britain's war effort, May 1945. ‘Talk to Baochi Federation CIC' on industrialisation of China, 6 October 1945. Miscellaneous lecture notes. Notes for lectures on work of SBSCO and position of science in China. Notes for lectures on biochemical and biological subjects. Notes for lectures on international science and politics. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Sino-British Science Cooperation Office REPORTS, PUBLICATIONS AND BROADCASTS Includes Needham's reports to the British Council on his three years in China, detailed accounts of travels within China for the British Council and for Nature, and other publications arising from his work, including material relating to his book Science Outpost in which he described the work of the SBSCO. ‘Report on a journey in the North-West, occupying Aug., Sept., Oct., Nov. 1943', 19pp typescript with extensive manuscript additions and corrections + 1p addendum. ‘Science and technology in the North-West of China’, 17pp typescript. Nature 153 (1944), 238-241. ‘Report of a journey in the South East of China, occupying April, May & June 1944', 25pp typescript with manuscript additions and corrections. ‘Science in Kweichow and Kuangsi’, 10pp typescript. Nature 156 (1945), 496-499. ‘Journeys in South-East China’, account taken from Needham's report to the British Council, published in Geographical Journal 106 (1945), 83-84. Nature 152 (1943), 9-10, 36-37. ‘Report on the Southwest of China, occupying August, September and October, 1944', 24pp typescript with manuscript additions and corrections + addendum. ‘Science and technology in China's far South-East', 8pp typescript. Nature 157 (1946), 175-177. a journey in ‘Science in South-West China’, 31pp typescript J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Sino-British Science Cooperation Office ‘Science in western Szechuan’, 22pp typescript. Nature 152 (1943), 343-345, 372-374. ‘Chungking mining and industrial exhibition’, 11pp typescript. Nature 153 (1944), 672-675. ‘Report of a journey in the north of China occupying September and October 1945', 29pp typescript with extensive manuscript additions and corrections; letter re report, 13 March 1946. ‘Report of the first year's working of the Sino-British Science Cooperation Bureau. 30pp typescript. C.91,C.92 47pp duplicated typescript. Proof copy with manuscript corrections. Proof copy with manuscript corrections. ‘Report of second and third years' working of the Sino-British Science Co- operation Bureau’. Bureau’. 2 folders. C.93, C.94 ‘Lists referred to in the reports of the Sino-British Science Co-operation J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Sino-British Science Cooperation Office Memoranda on future British Council policy in China. A memorandum was sent by P.M. Roxby, head of the British Council mission in China, to the British Council in November 1945. Needham added a set of complementary recommendations in a second memorandum. ‘Final version’ of Needham's memorandum, 11pp typescript with extensive manuscript additions; Roxby's comments on Needham's memorandum, annotated by Needham; correspondence re the memoranda. ‘Observations on the London-appointed staff members of the Scientific Office in Chungking' by Needham, 17 November 1945. Spp typescript and manuscript draft; 6pp typescript + addenda: related correspondence. C.97-C.101 ‘Final memorandum to the British Council’ by Needham, 14 April 1946. The memorandum enclosed documents relating to the SBSCO. These included the second and third years' report which may be found at C.91, C.92 above. Memorandum, 2pp typescript. Early drafts of Needham's letters to Roxby in this exchange. Correspondence exchanged between Roxby and Needham on the conduct of British Council affairs in China, January - February 1946. ; ‘Report to his Excellency President and Generalissimo Chiang Kai-Shek on the position and prospects of science and technology in China’ by Needham, S6pp typescript final with manuscript corrections and additions, Chungking, Winter 1945. Circulation list of copies of report to Chiang Kai-Shek; correspondence re report. draft This report arose from a conversation between the Generalissimo and Needham on the state of science in China. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Sino-British Science Cooperation Office Chinese Science, Pilot Press, London, 1944. This short book gave an account of the state of Chinese science, profusely illustrated by photographs taken by Needham. Correspondence; publicity material. ‘Sino-British Scientific and Technical Cooperation’, Washington Scientist 1 (1945), 30. Reprint only. C.104-C.136 Science Outpost, ed. with D.M.M. Needham, Pilot Press, London, 1946. Science Outpost gave an account of the history and work of the SBSCO. It brought together articles and reports, extracts from letters and from Dorothy Needham's diary and poems by Rewi Alley and others. Many of the pieces which Needham included in the book are to be found elsewhere in this section. 2 C.104-C.111 C.104, C.105 Contract with publishers; publicity material. Contents of Needham's folder so inscribed ‘Science Outpost papers’. divided into eight for ease of reference. Correspondence with publishers, British Council and others 1946-1949. folders. impressions of China in wartime]', 10pp typescript. ‘Scientific & Technical Co-operation in China’, two slightly different 3pp typescripts; 'Sino-British Scientific & Technical Co-operation’, 3pp typescript; Statements by Needham on his work for the SBSCO: by Needham: ‘Scientific cooperation and Atomic for radio broadcast, 25 December 1945; Talks typescript energy’, ‘Postscript 3pp [on J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 C.109-C.111 C.112-C.114 Sino-British Science Cooperation Office Miscellaneous typescript and duplicated typescript papers on Chinese science, principally biochemistry and chemistry, and related subjects. 3 folders. ‘Acta Brevia Sinensia file copy’. Contents of Needham's folder so inscribed divided into three for ease of reference: duplicated typescript ‘Scientific and technological notes from China’, 1943-1945. These notes were prepared by the Natural Science Society of China and distributed by the British Council through the SBSCO. They give accounts of work in progress in Chinese research institutions. C.115-C.118 ‘Material + [not] used in Sci Outpost’. inscribed divided into four for ease of reference. Contents of Needham's folder so Typescript narratives by Rewi Alley. Miscellaneous material. Typescript manuscript additions and corrections. 8 folders. manuscript draft Science and of activities of the National ‘Definitive illustrations for Science Outpost numbered captioned and listed’. Extracts from Needham's diary; accounts of Academy of Peiping and the Academia Sinica. Corrected proof copy of Science Outpost. 7 folders. Typescript and manuscript lists of illustrations. Typescript and manuscript indexes. C.119-C.126 Outpost with extensive C.129-C.135 J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Sino-British Science Cooperation Office Miscellaneous appreciation, February 1949. manuscript notes etc re Science Outpost. letter of BBC radio broadcasts: ‘Observation Post', broadcast various times 10-14 October 1947. included a short interview with Needham on Chinese science. This Duplicated typescript transcript. ‘Sunday Discussion’ on 'How far can an Eastern University usefully draw upon Western Culture?', broadcast by Far Eastern Service 16 October 1949. Needham and Sir John Sargent were the speakers. Correspondence with the BBC; Needham's manuscript notes; duplicated typescript transcript. ‘Journal of the North-West Tour', September 1993. The Times Literary Supplement, 10 2 folders. C.139, C.140 ADMINISTRATIVE ‘Master copy [of the] filing hand list’. This was an extract from Needham's unpublished journal of his tour to this area of China in the autumn of 1943. See above C.79, C.80. Embassy, 2pp typescript, nd. Typescript and manuscript list for SBSCO filing system. The classes of document provided for by Reports, Office [papers], Correspondence (General), Information and exchanges, Printed matter: books, Printed matter: periodicals and microfilms, Scientific supplies [and] transport of all supplies, Vehicles, Enterprises, Films & radio, Music, Medicine, and International contacts. the Visits, listing classification ‘Tentative by Needham, 2pp typescript, of ‘Nominations for Professorships’, 2pp typescript, February 1946; 'Scheme of organisation of science in China’, 3pp typescript, nd; 'List of Diplomatic officials of the British of Chinese universities 12 January 1946; standards’ list as to are: J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Sino-British Science Cooperation Office Lists of orders of scientific supplies for Chinese universities and of ‘missing orders’, sent to Dorothy Needham 15 March 1946. ‘List of drugs for China’, 2pp typescript and ‘List of medical supplies taken to China by Dr Sanders’, 2pp typescript. C.144-C.146 Miscellaneous administrative correspondence and papers. C.144 Correspondence and papers re travel, 1944-1946. Correspondence re theft of clothes from Peking hotel, March 1946. Correspondence re supply of scientific and medical equipment, April - June 1946. MISCELLANEOUS MATERIAL C.147-C.149 Membership of Chinese learned societies: C.147 Correspondent Member, National Academy of Peiping, 19 January 1943. Correspondent Member, Chemical Institute and Zoological and Botanical Institute, Academia Sinica, 1 March 1943. Honorary Member, Natural Science Society of China, 28 February 1946. Corresponding Research Fellow, Institute of Zoology, Academia Sinica, 24 May 1945. Honorary Member, Chinese National Farmers' Association, 29 October 1944. Honourable Member, Chinese Chemical Society, Pehpie Chapter, 15 June 1943. Honorary Member, Science Society of China, July 1943. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Sino-British Science Cooperation Office Other Chinese societies. Appointment as Advisor to Chinese Air Force Research Bureau. Manuscript notes by Needham on itineraries, travel arrangements etc. Brochure of UNESCO exhibition ‘L'effort de Guerre fourni par la Chine dans le domaine de la science et le travail de I'Office de Cooperation Scientifique de Sino-Britannique’, with photographs of the exhibition display. Papers by R.A.-Silow: 'The scientific activities of the British Council in China’, Science and Technology in China 1 (1948); ‘Mission to China’, Empire Cotton Growing Review 27 (1950). C.154-C.156 C157 English language. Russian language. Moscow. C.157-C.159 Press cuttings. Printed material: pamphlets, articles, journals etc. 3 folders. Chinese language. Folder also includes printed notices of surrender of Italy 1943 and the Japanese surrender. Rewi Alley. The cuttings are of the Red Army victory parade in Miscellaneous typescripts. Includes papers on Chinese cooperatives by J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 Memorabilia Sino-British Science Cooperation Office C.161 Social functions and contacts. Prints, drawings and paintings. Unidentified Chinese language material. Photographs. Group photograph of Chengtu Committee for aiding Sino-British Science Cooperation, with key. Needham is featured. ‘Miaotaidze photos for A [Dorothy Needham]'. Photographs of Taoist temple at Miaotaidze, identified on verso. SBSCO stationery. Miscellaneous memorabilia. Includes 8pp typescript ‘Tibetan Folk Songs, tr Group photograph ?of members of Chinese learned society. Needham is featured (twelfth from the right, second row from bottom). [into French and German] Yd Tao-Chuen’. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 SECTION D UNITED NATIONS EDUCATIONAL, SCIENTIFIC AND CULTURAL ORGANISATION (UNESCO) D.1-D.365 In October 1942 the Conference of Allied Ministers of Education (CAME) was formed to discuss the post-war educational needs of Allied countries, focusing in particular on those under Axis occupation. Various committees were created under the auspices of CAME and by 1944 the Conference had developed into a far-reaching organisation whose remit covered almost all aspects of the cultural reconstruction of occupied Europe. It was felt that after the war the example of this body, which was showing the possibilities of international cooperation in cultural and educational matters, should not be forgotten but brought under the auspices of the United Nations. Accordingly in March 1944 plans were advanced for the establishment of a United Nations Organisation for Educational and Cultural Reconstruction. In April 1944 the US State Department accepted the desirability of a ‘United Nations Educational and Cultural Organisation’ and later that year the UK government also gave its support to the creation of such a body. CAME began drafting plans for its transformation into UNECO and published its draft proposals. This was circulated by the British Council. Needham was in China during this period with the Sino-British Science Cooperation Office (see section C). He believed that scientific cooperation should come within the remit of the post-war United Nations and in July 1944 he prepared a ‘Memorandum on an intemational science co- operation service’ (D.2). In December 1944 Needham sent out a second memorandum to the UK parliamentary and scientific committee on 'Measures for the organisation of international co-operation in science in the post-war period’ (D.6). Needham may have been the first to use the abbreviation ‘UNESCO’, in a manuscript note of February 1945, and his third memorandum (D.12-D.14) on 'The place of science and international scientific co-operation in post-war world organisation’, April 1945, publicly advocated the inclusion of the word ‘Scientific’ in the title of the organisation being planned. In the same month the drafting organisation for the United Nations Organisation for Educational and Cultural Cooperation rejected the inclusion of the word ‘Scientific’ but renewed pressure, in part through the wide distribution of Needham's third memorandum, and support, particularly from J.G. Crowther and US colleagues, succeeded in keeping the issue open. first session of the UNESCO General Conference met in Paris in November 1946 to establish the In November 1945 the United Nations Educational and Cultural Conference held in London to draft the constitution of the new body agreed to include the word ‘Scientific’ in its title and to give it responsibilities in international scientific cooperation. A Preparatory Committee was formed and the J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation Organisation formally. appointed Director of the Natural Sciences Section. He served until April 1948. J.S. Huxley was elected its first Director General and Needham was Needham gave an account of the work of UNESCO in his Robert Boyle lecture on Science and International Relations, 1 June 1948 (see G.70, G.71). The material is presented as follows: D.1-D.39 EARLY HISTORY OF UNESCO D.40-D.200 UNESCO GENERAL D.201-D.316 NATURAL SCIENCES SECTION D.317-D.339 UNITED NATIONS RESEARCH LABORATORIES D.359-D.365 D.340-D.358 FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF BRITISH COMMITTEE FOR CO-OPERATION WITH UNESCO IN THE NATURAL SCIENCES THE UNITED NATIONS J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation EARLY HISTORY OF UNESCO Most of this material (D.1-D.32) was found in three of Needham's folders inscribed 'CAME UNECO and the further descriptions of the contents thereon. These descriptions are reproduced in the catalogue entries. of UNESCO', with origins ‘Dr Joseph Needham's Archives pt. 1 From the T.V. Sung conversations of Dec 1943 to my return to Chungking in April 1945 after the Washington negotiations. Memo | Chungking July 1944 Memo II London Dec. 1944'. Contents of folder so inscribed divided into eleven for ease of reference. Background material. Includes ‘First statement of the conception of an international science cooperation service, letter from Dr Joseph Needham, FRS (Director of the Sino-British Science Cooperation Office) to H.E. Sung Tze-Wen (T.V. Soong), Minister of Foreign Affairs, Chungking’, 29 December 1943; the Conference of Allied Nations Organization for annotated ‘J.G.C[rowther] 12.4.44', with comments and amendments arising. and ‘Suggestions for Ministers of Education the development of into Reconstruction’, Educational Cultural United and the in a of of an science service’ intemational co-operation the memorandum. by This was the first of Needham's three Correspondence re distribution recipients sent to J.G. Crowther, 25 July 1944. ‘Memorandum on Needham, Chungking, July 1944. memoranda. Manuscript notes; 19pp typescript and 9pp duplicated typescript drafts; 15pp duplicated typescript. eh ‘A Memorandum on the activities and future plans of international scientific organizations. 1919-1944', 48pp typescript, annotated by Needham 'WB Cannon & RM Field Undated but | think Oct 1944". Correspondence from those receiving copies of the memorandum, including comments thereon, August - December 1944. Includes list J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation Pages from Nature, 25 November 1944, featuring Needham's memorandum published as ‘An international science cooperation service’, and editorial comment ‘Dissemination of scientific information’ focusing on Needham's article; brief correspondence re re-publication of the article. Needham had not intended the memorandum for publication; it was sent to Nature for their information only. ‘Memorandum addressed to the parliamentary and scientific committee (December 1944). Measures for the organisation of international co- operation in science in the post-war period’, London, December 1944. This was the second of Needham's memoranda. 4pp and 5pp typescript drafts; 5pp duplicated typescript. Correspondence and papers, December 1944 - January 1945. Correspondence and papers, February 1945. of ‘Activities suggested for UNECO' by G.N. Kefauver, the US delegate to CAME, and manuscript notes and typescript comments thereon by Needham. Includes list In February - March 1945 Needham visited the United States, during which visit he discussed his plans for future international cooperation in science with American colleagues. One of Needham's notes records the three requirements he felt were needed 'To make UNECO work’. These were the addition of the word ‘Scientific’ in the title, a reference to applied (as well as pure) science in the preamble and a good scientific director. Needham uses the abbreviation UNESCO, perhaps the first occasion on which it was used. distribution of memorandum, 16 March. ‘The place of science in Organisation’, March 1945. third memorandum and was not widely circulated. a United Nations Educational and Cultural This was a preliminary version of Needham's Correspondence and papers, March 1945. Manuscript and typescript draft with extensive correction; letter re J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation Correspondence and papers, April - May 1945. Includes papers of CAME relating to establishment of United Nations Organisation for Educational and Cultural Reconstruction. At the 10 April meeting of the Drafting Committee drawing Crowther attempted, unsuccessfully, to insert 'Scientific' into the title. constitution body J.G. the the up of D.12-D.24 D.12-D.14 ‘Dr Joseph Needham's Archives pt. 2. 1945. Memo Ill Chungking April 1945'. divided into thirteen for ease of reference. From April 1945 to end December Contents of folder so inscribed ‘The place of science and intemational scientific co-operation in post-war world organisation’, Chungking, 28 April 1945. of Needham's three memoranda. This was the third Typescript draft with extensive manuscript corrections and additions. 46pp typescript 'Master-copy 9 for mimeographing in CK' retained in original folder. 31pp duplicated typescript + appendices and index. Miscellaneous manuscript and typescript notes, including lists of those to receive a copy of third memorandum. Correspondence and papers, May 1945, chiefly re attempt to persuade CAME to widen the scope and include the word ‘Scientific’ in the title of UNECO, at their meeting of 16 May. Organisation of the United Nations’, 9 July. Correspondence re distribution of third memorandum, May - July 1945. Includes letters from recipients. Papers, chiefly re meetings of CAME, June - August 1945. proof Educational of CAME's ‘Draft proposals for Distribution of the memorandum in Crowther the UK was chiefly through J.G. Includes ‘1st and Cultural an J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation Correspondence from recipients of third memorandum, including comments thereon, August 1945. Correspondence from recipients of third memorandum, including comments thereon, September 1945. The memorandum was considered at a meeting of the Science Commission of CAME on 11 September. They recommended that it be put before CAME. Correspondence and papers, October 1945, chiefly comments on third memorandum. Correspondence and papers, November 1945, chiefly re United Nations Educational and Cultural Conference. The Conference, meeting in London, signed the constitution establishing UNESCO on 16 November. Correspondence and papers, December 1945. D.25-D.32 Vol. Ill’. Contents of ‘Dr Joseph Needham's Archives folder so inscribed divided into eight for ease of reference. From Jan. 1946 - ‘CAME photos’. Contents of Needham's envelope so inscribed: photographs of members of CAME, identified on verso. Probably taken during the Educational and Cultural Conference. Correspondence, May - November 1946. Correspondence and papers, January - April 1946. to Needham in Chungking re Sciences of UNESCO. his appointment as Includes telegram sent Director of Natural J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation Correspondence and manuscript notes, February - April 1947. Chiefly re Needham's intended resignation at the end of the year, and UNESCO appointments policy. Correspondence, May - June 1947. Needham explaining the situation and current developments at UNESCO. Includes Needham's letters to Dorothy Correspondence, August - September 1947. Needham's appointment into 1948. Chiefly re extension of Correspondence and papers, October 1947 - January 1948. administrative problems within UNESCO. Chiefly re Correspondence and re administrative problems. Includes ‘Personal statement of Joseph Needham, FRS to the members of the Advisory Committee on the organisation and administration of UNESCO', 9pp typescript + annexes, 7 February. February - papers, Chiefly March 1948. D.33-D.37 Re Needham's departure Correspondence and papers, April - May 1948. from UNESCO. ‘Unesco Historical’. Contents of Needham's folder so inscribed divided into five for ease of reference. Third memorandum, ‘The place of science and intemational scientific co- operation in post-war world organisation’, Chungking, 28 April 1945. manuscript correction. Master-copies third memorandum; miscellaneous manuscript notes including lists of recipients; typescript drafts of of contents of third memorandum with extensive 42pp duplicated typescript. quality Chinese paper and probably was intended for distribution Needham himself within China. The document has been reproduced on poor by covering the final of letters list sent version of J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation Copy of the constitution of UNESCO as agreed in London, 16 November 1945, 16pp duplicated typescript. ‘Archives of UNESCO. Deposition of Papers relative to the Conference of Allied Ministers of Education and the inclusion of Pure and Applied Science in the projected United Nations Organisation for Education and Culture’ by Needham, 3pp duplicated typescript, 27 January 1947; correspondence re research on the origins of UNESCO, 1947-1949. Miscellaneous printed material. Correspondence re research on origins of UNESCO, 1966-1977. Includes correspondence arising from New Statesman article 'The "S" in Unesco' by Nigel Calder, and correspondence with D. Mylonas (see D.39). Retained in original binding. UNESCO GENERAL D.40-D.111 General Conference ‘La Conference des Ministres Allies de I'Education (Londres 1942-1945) de la cooperation educative dans I'Europe en guerre a la creation d'une organisation internationale’, by D. Mylonas, Ph.D. thesis for University of Geneva. Sent to Needham 16 October 1972 (see D.38). Miscellaneous — Scientific and Cultural History of Mankind Publicity and information literature D.138-D.160 Correspondence D.112-D.137 Executive D.161-D.176 D.177-D.186 D.187-D.200 J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation General Conference The General Conference was the chief forum and governing body of UNESCO. At its annual meetings the Executive of UNESCO was elected by the delegates. D.40-D.42 D.40 First General Conference, Paris, 19 November - 10 December 1946. ‘Guide de la premiére Conférence générale et du mois de |'U.N.E.S.C.O.' (programme and information booklet). ‘Rules of Procedure for the General Conference’: 'Liste des documents’. Miscellaneous papers for the General Conference. Second Session of the General Conference, Mexico City, November 1947. D.45, D.46 Other general conference papers, principally concerning matters of scientific interest. 2 folders. D.47, D.48 Papers for Working Party L: Natural Sciences. 2 folders. ‘Memorandum on the Grants-in-aid allocated by UNESCO to international scientific organisations in 1947'. Contents of Needham's folder so labelled. 2 folders City Herald, 19 November, profiling Needham. ‘Unesco 2nd General Conf. Mexico City misc papers’. Contents of Needham's envelope so inscribed divided into five for ease of reference: miscellaneous memorabilia from the conference and Mexico City, including press-cuttings from Mexican newspapers. At D.50 is cutting from Mexico Press releases. D.50-D.54 J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation D.55-D.97 Third Session of the General Conference, Beirut, December 1948. 17 November - 11 Needham attended the conference in a dual official capacity - as Honorary Scientific Adviser to UNESCO and as a member of the UK delegation. Needham also acted as observer for the World Federation of Scientific Workers (See K.330). At the conference he delivered a lecture on ‘The unity of science: Asia's indispensable contribution’. Needham travelled home via Turkey where he universities in Ankara and Istanbul. visited colleagues _ in Correspondence and papers re travel arrangements. Conference pass; 'Guide et Calendrier du mois de I'UNESCO', extensively annotated by Needham. General conference papers. notes by Needham. 8 folders. Duplicated typescript, with some manuscript D.65-D.67 ‘The unity of science: Asia's indispensable contribution’. Material includes budget estimates (at D.59) and report of the Director General for 1948 (at D.64). Versions of this lecture were published in Asian Horizon, (in French) in Archives Internationales d'Histoire des Sciences, April 1949, and (in Arabic) in the Arabic edition of the Listener, 19 July 1950. It also formed the basis of two broadcasts for the BBC radio Third Programme (see G.122) and a lecture to the Royal Central Asian Society (see G.74) Copy of Arabic version; correspondence re publication. Typescript draft, with manuscript corrections and typescript additions. 29pp typescript (in French). J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation Papers of Conference General Committee and Commissions. The material is principally duplicated typescript papers. arranged following the reference system adopted for the conference. They have been D.68, D.69 Information. 2 folders. General Committee of the Conference. Committee on Constitution and Procedure. D.71-D.78 Programme and Budget Commission. The bulk of this material is papers for subcommissions of the Programme and Budget Commission. General commission papers. Reconstruction subcommission. Communication and Education subcommissions. Cultural Questions subcommission. Needham was rapporteur for a Joint Meeting with the Natural Sciences subcommission on the Scientific and Cultural History of Mankind Project. The folder includes Needham's manuscript notes taken at the meeting. Social Sciences and Exchange of Persons subcommissions. The subcommission held two meetings on 23 November and a third joint meeting with the Cultural Questions subcommission on 26 November (see D.74 above). Includes Needham's manuscript notes and typescript reports on meetings. 3 folders. Needham was rapporteur at the meetings. D.75-D.77 Natural Sciences subcommission. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation D.79-D.82 Official and External Relations Commission. 4 folders. Administrative Commission. 2 folders. D.85-D.88 UK delegation papers. Duplicated typescript memoranda and papers for meetings of the delegation during and following the conference. 4 folders. Some of the papers relate to matters concerning a particular Commission, others to general subjects. At D.88 is the draft UK delegation report to the Minister of Education, with Needham's comments thereon. Press-releases. D.90-D.92 Issues of the conference ‘Journal’ for 17 November - complete sequence. 3 folders. 11 December. A Post conference correspondence re account of proceedings. Exchange of letters between Joseph and Dorothy Needham, November 1948. Joseph Needham's letter gives a full account of proceedings up to 27 November. After the conference Needham wrote accounts of its proceedings for a number of journals. He felt that it received insufficient coverage. Includes 9pp typescript draft of article for the New Statesman 'UNESCO in Phoenicia’ (not published). Miscellaneous memorabilia. 2 folders. to Correspondence re Istanbul: manuscript notes from visits; 7pp typescript ‘Notes on a scientific visit to Turkey', 28 December. conference visits Ankara and post J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation D.98-D.105 Fourth Session of the General Conference, Paris, 19 September - 1949. 1 October General conference papers. 2 folders. D.100, D.101 Programme and Budget Commission. 2 folders. D.102, D.103 Official and External Relations Commission. 2 folders. Administrative Commission. Conference ‘Journal’ for 28 September; report of the UK delegation to the Minister for Education, Cmnd. 7863, January 1950. Fifth Session of the General Conference, Florence, 22 May - 17 June 1950 D.107-D.111 D.107, D.108 General conference papers. 2 folders. D.109, D.110 Programme and Budget Commission. 2 folders. Sixth Session of the General Conference, Paris, 18 June - 14 July 1951. Report of the UK delegation to the Minister for Education, Cmnd. 8066, October 1950. the Minister for Education, Cmnd. 8439, January 1952. Official and External Relations Commission; report of the UK delegation to J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation Executive Board Duplicated typescript papers for information and meetings of the Executive Board of UNESCO and its committees, 1947-1950. Executive Board second session, April 1947. D.113-D.115 Executive Board sixth session, January - February 1948. 3 folders. Executive Board seventh session, April 1948. Programme Committee fourth session; Finance Committee Sixth Session, April 1948. D.122, D.123 D.126, D.127 International Non-governmental D.118-D.121 Executive Board eighth session, June - July 1948. 4 folders. Nominations Committee third session, July 1948. Committee with Organisations third session, July 1948. Relationships on Finance Committee eighth session, June - July 1948. 2 folders. Executive Board fifteenth session, April 1949. Executive Board fourteenth session, January - February 1949. 2 folders. Committee for External Relations first session, February 1949. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation Committee for External Relations second session, May 1949; Executive Board sixteenth session, June 1949. D.131, D.132 Executive Board seventeenth session, September - October 1949. folders. 2 D.133-D.136 Executive Board nineteenth session, January - February 1950. 4 folders. At D.136 is exchange between Needham and J.S. Huxley on the Board paper non-governmental organisations. intemational relations dealing with with Executive Board twentieth and twenty-third sessions, March, August 1950. Correspondence D.138-D.149 1948 March. At D.148 and D.149 are contents of folders found within the bulky folder. Miscellaneous correspondence re general UNESCO business found in Needham's folders. ‘Unesco current corresp.'. Contents of Needham's bulky folder so inscribed divided into twelve for ease of reference: miscellaneous correspondence March 1948 - March 1949. section meetings 21 and 28 May; personal letters from Lu. 1948 April. Includes invitations to speak at International Congress on Population and World Resources in Relation to the Family, Cheltenham, 23- 27 August and to attend Society for Visiting Scientists Symposium on Science at the UNESCO General Conference in Mexico; reports on Natural Sciences section meetings, 15, 24 and 30 April; personal letters from Lu Gwei-Djen reporting on situation within UNESCO. 1948 May. Includes invitation to speak at Progressive League meeting on UNESCO, Frensham Heights School, Farnham, Surrey, 15 August and to the Cambridge Philosophical Society, 3 June; reports on Natural Sciences J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation 1948 June. Scientific Information Conference, 21 June - personal letters from Lu. Includes correspondence re Working Parties for Royal Society 2 July (see J.209-J.218); 1948 July. Includes letter to The Times (marked ‘Not for publication’) re ‘Records of research’, arising from a proposal of Bernal for the rationalisation of scientific publications; letter to Sir John Maud re UK policy towards and problems within UNESCO. J.D. 1948 August. Includes correspondence and papers re Progressive League meeting and International Congress on Population and World Resources; invitation to participate in BBC Overseas Service radio discussion on ‘Science across the in September. Association Frontiers' meeting British during letter to 1948 December. 1948 October, November. 1948 September. Includes ‘Activity Report’ of UNESCO East Asia Field Scientific Cooperation Office, 1947-1948 which pays tribute to Needham's work; request for list of Chinese scientists who could be invited to Seventh Pacific Science congress, New Zealand, February 1949, with Needham's reply; incomplete typescript notes of ‘Science across the Frontiers' BBC radio broadcast, with Needham's jottings; Sir Stafford Cripps, Chancellor of the Exchequer, re the Director-Generalship of UNESCO. Energy Exhibition, April - November 1948. ‘Lebanon inscribed: correspondence and the UNESCO General Conference in Beirut of the Atomic Scientists' Association travelling Atomic 1949 January, March. Includes correspondence re informal meeting to discuss the East African Groundnut and Sorghum schemes, 20 January; letters to Sir John Maud re personnel situation in UNESCO. of transport Contents papers re Exhibn'’. Needham's folder so _ to J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation ‘after 2 years in UNESCO'. manuscript notes re problems and tensions within UNESCO. Contents of Needham's folder so inscribed: D.150-D.158 Contents of Needham's folder divided into nine for ease of reference: miscellaneous correspondence and papers re UNESCO business, 1948- 1955. 1948. 1949 January, February. Includes invitation to speak at discussion meeting of Society for Visiting Scientists, 15 February (accepted); and Needham's typescript account of House of Lords debate on UNESCO. 1949 March. Program aid to undeveloped regions. Includes exchange with Sir Stafford Cripps re Truman 1949 April Association meeting in September. - July. Includes invitation to speak on UNESCO at British Includes information re project for an 1949 September - December. international museum of civilisation, which Needham supported. 1950 January - June. Includes correspondence re UNESCO 'Statement on Race’; Activity Report of UNESCO East Asia Science Cooperation Office, March - December 1949. 1952-55, nd. 1950 July - October. July; paper by A. Leveille on ‘An international museum of civilisation’. Includes papers re UNESCO 'Statement on Race’, 1951. Includes correspondence re revision of ‘Statement on Race’. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation Mission’. ‘China inscribed: correspondence re possible establishment of Field Science Cooperation Office in mainland China, September 1949 - October 1950. Needham's Contents of folder so_ The inspiration for the Field Science Cooperation Office was Needham's work with the Sino-British Science Cooperation Office during the Second World War. The political situation in China in the period covered by this material presented considerable difficulties in establishing a field office there. ‘ACTH’. papers re patenting of drug ACTH, 1950. Contents of Needham's folder so inscribed: correspondence and There was discussion as to whether an intemational body might be established to hold patents in new drugs to prevent one company or country acquiring a monopoly. Scientific and Cultural History of Mankind Needham was a member. 1948. J.S. Huxley, May; papers re approval of project at the General Conference. Includes 'Notes on the scientific and cultural history of mankind’ by At the fifth session of the General Conference in Florence 1950, an International Commission was set up to prepare and oversee the project. Needham was a Corresponding Member of this Commission. From the outset UNESCO had among its tasks the study of worldwide cultural and scientific history. A committee was established, with Needham as a member, to formulate proposals. These were submitted to the UNESCO General Conference at Beirut in 1948. The project was approved and a drafting ‘Committee of Experts’ established to prepare the plan for the project. It met to draw up a report, 12-17 December 1949. 1949 December (2). Correspondence arising. 1949 December (1). Papers from meeting of drafting committee. Includes Needham's manuscript notes on proceedings and typescript plan of the project taken from Needham's notes, with manuscript annotation by Huxley. 1949 August. by M.O. de Almeida, 35pp duplicated typescript. ‘Rapport sur l'histoire scientifique et culturelle de I'humanite' J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation 1950 January. Correspondence and papers re report of the Committee of Experts. Includes draft, Needham's and Huxley's comments and copy of final report. D.166, D.167 1950 January - March. of Experts. 2 folders. Papers re UK response to report of the Committee The report was considered at the meeting on 12 January 1950 of the National Co-operating Body for Philosophy and Humanistic Studies of the UK National Commission for UNESCO. It established, jointly with the British Committee on Cooperation with UNESCO in the Natural Sciences, a Special Committee on the Unesco Project for a Scientific and Cultural History of Mankind to prepare the UK response to the report of the Committee of Experts. It met on 13 March (see D.349). Meeting of the Co-operating Body, 12 January. Meeting of the Special Committee, 13 March. 1950 July - September. Correspondence and papers re membership of the International Commission. A small committee was established, with Needham as a member, to consider nominations for the Commission. It met on 14 October. 1950 February - May. for a scientific and cultural history of mankind" as it session of the Unesco General Conference’, sent to Needham 24 May. Includes ‘the final form of the "Report on the project is presented to the 5th Commission (accepted). 1950 October - December. Correspondence and papers re meeting of the committee to consider the membership of the International Commission, and first meeting of Commission. 1951 January - April. Includes report from first meeting of the Commission, and invitation to Needham to become a Corresponding Member of the J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation 1951 May - November. Includes first annual report of the Chairman of the Commission. 1952 January, February. Principally Commission papers. 1952 March - October. Commission papers. Includes News Bulletins | and Il on the progress of the project. 1953-1955. Chiefly re visit to Cambridge by Professor L. Petech to discuss Needham's work on the history of science in China for use in the project. 1962, 1963. Chiefly re publication of the first volume of the Scientific and Cultural History of Mankind; Prehistory and the Beginnings of Civilisation by J. Hawkes and L. Woolley. information and publicity literature D.181-D.186 Printed material Press-releases and news-sheets D.177-D.180 Press-releases and news-sheets ‘National Commissions Newsletter’, nos. 6-8, 1949. UNESCO Newsletter no. 47, December 1947; press-releases 1949-1952 (not a complete sequence) and nd. ‘UNESCO World Review’, nos. 1, 4 and 6, 1949. ‘News from UNESCO' bulletins, May 1949. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation Printed material Act of establishment of UNESCO, 1945; Constitution, 1945; ' purpose and its philosophy’ by J.S. Huxley, 1946. ‘La France et I'U.N.E.S.C.O.', 1946; brochure of 'Expositio internationale’, 1946. "The defenses of ‘ ‘Introduction to Unesco’, 1947. peace" Documents relating to UNE Report of Director General for 1947; programme of activities for (1946); 3 Miscellaneous D.187, D.188 Miscellaneous printed material and press-cuttings. Lists of UNESCO documents, February 1947 - February 1948. Articles re UNESCO. Includes ‘Science in UNESCO' by B.J. B Monthly 63 United Nations Educational, Scientific Organization’, Science and Culture 12 (1946-47); and typesd from articles about UNESCO sent to the editor of Nature b 1951. Office. Includes at D.190 September 1947 issue of ‘Mercury’, UN newsletter, annotated ‘Lu Gwei-Djen' and recording her arrival in Paris to advise on establishment of Far East Field Science D.189-D.197 Miscellaneous UNESCO papers, 1947-1954. D.189, D.190 1947. 2 folders. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation D.191-D.193 1948. 3 folders. D.194, D.195 1949. 2 folders. 1950, 1951. 1953, 1954. Lists of names and addresses of experts. contacts in subjects from ‘Agricultural chemistry’ to ‘Zoology’. Includes 78pp typescript list of Duplicated typescript sheets on aspects of evolution. Nd. In French. D.201-D.237 General papers NATURAL SCIENCES SECTION Correspondence and papers re expenses, 1947-1948. National Research Council Committee on UNESCO International Institute for the Hylean Amazon D.268, D.269 International Institute for Arid Zones D.270-D.300 Support for international science D.238-D.257 Committees D.258-D.267 D.301-D.316 J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation General papers D.201-D.204 Preparatory Commission Natural Science Committee Duplicated for Commission Natural Science Committee, 1946. 4 folders. memoranda and typescript papers the Preparatory The Preparatory Commission Natural Sciences Committee drew up the functions and role of the Natural Sciences Section. D.205-D.209 ‘Sci & Unesco’. Contents of Needham's folder so inscribed divided into five for ease of reference: material re Preparatory Commission booklet ‘Science and UNESCO' defining the ‘Tasks and Functions of the Secretariat's Division of Natural Sciences’. The booklet was drafted by Needham. D.205-D.207 Typescript rough draft. 3 folders. Copy of booklet. Natural Sciences Section Proof copy with typescript additions. ‘Bibliography of Official Documents of Natural Sciences Section’ covering May 1946 - April 1948. Needham. ‘Natural Sciences Section Filing Handlist, 17 November 1947. Annotated by Needham. ‘Natural Sciences Section Filing Handlist, 19 February 1948. Annotated by J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation D.213-D.228 Duplicated typescript memoranda and papers, November 1946 - September 1951. 16 folders. The great bulk of these papers form a consecutively numbered sequence of general Natural Science Section papers. This arrangement is followed in the organisation of the strict chronological sequence. not necessarily in material, which is a_ D.229-D.231 Natural Sciences ‘Occasional Papers’. D.229 1 ‘Scientific No. 3 ‘Contemporary development of the mathematical and physical sciences in Mexico’; no. 4 'The development of science in Brazil in recent years'. institutes scientific research India’: and in no. No. 5 ‘Government science in South Africa’; no. 6 'L'activitie scientifique dans les Pays-Bas'; no. 7 'La mission du Conseil National des Recherches de Tchécoslovaquie' and 'Chemical science in Czechoslovakia’. 8 10 no. Egypt’; D.232-D.237 Contract with UNESCO to edit the booklet; correspondence with Lu and C.H. Dobinson; etc. ‘The conditions of science in No. ‘Les recherches biologiques en Hongrie 1946-47'; no. 11 ‘Institute for the Science of Science [Poland]'; no. 16 ‘Organization of scientific research in France’. ‘FSCO booklet’. Contents of Needham's folder so inscribed divided into six for ease of reference: correspondence and papers re editing by Needham of ‘Science Liaison’, a booklet drafted by Lu Gwei-Djen describing the work of the Field Science Cooperation Offices of UNESCO. Typescript drafts of appendices. Draft preface by Needham, 2pp typescript; list of captions; text for cover of booklet; manuscript notes. Typescript draft by Lu, 24pp + list of FSCOs. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation Proof copy. Published copy of booklet. Committees and conferences Duplicated typescript papers for committees and other bodies of the Section of Natural Sciences, and re conferences supported by the Section, not circulated as general Section papers. D.238-D.242 Permanent Council for the Coordination of International Congresses of Medical Sciences D.243, D.244 Committee for Conservation and Utilisation of Resources D.245-D.248 D.251 D.252, D.253 D.256, D.257 Latin American Conference of Scientific Experts D.249, D.250 Committee on Scientific Abstracting Interim Coordinating Committee on Medical and Biological Abstracting International Conference on High Altitude Research Stations Committee on the Popularisation of Science and its Social Implications Committee for Engineering Sciences Group Discussions on the Social Implications of Science J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation D.238-D.242 Permanent Council for the Coordination of International Congresses of Medical Sciences. 1947-1950. 5 folders. was formed Council The in collaboration with the World Health Organisation. An organising committee was formed and first met in April 1948. The Council held its inaugural assembly in April 1949. Subsection Sciences Medical the by D.243, D.244 Committee for Conservation and Utilisation of Resources. 1948. 2 folders. At D.244 is the final report by J.G. Crowther. March 1948. D.245-D.248 Committee on the Popularisation of Science and its Social Implications. 1948-1949. 4 folders. Needham chaired this Committee in 1948. D.249, D.250 Committee on Scientific Abstracting. 1948-1950. 2 folders. 2 1948. D.252, D.253 Latin American Conference of Scientific Experts. 1948. International Conference on High Altitude Research Stations. folders. Interim Coordinating Committee on Medical and Biological Abstracting. 1948, 1950. Committee for Engineering Sciences. 1949-1950. 2 folders. Group Discussions on the Social Implications of Science. 1949. D.256, D.257 J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation International Institute for the Hylean Amazon (IIHA) At the first session of the UNESCO General Conference in 1946 plans were laid for the establishment of a research institute to study the zoological, botanical, the Amazon basin region. The Institute was formally established in May 1948 with the setting up of an interim commission. E.J.H. Corner was the Executive Secretary. geological, anthropological, social and other aspects of ‘Note on the Proposed International Institute of Hylea', 10 December 1946; ‘Report on the Conference for the Establishment of the International Institute of the Hylean Amazon, held at Iquitos, Peru, on the 30th April - 10th May, 1948’. D.259-D.261 Duplicated typescript papers of Natural Sciences Section dealing with the Institute, 1948. Chiefly papers from the establishing conference and interim commission. 3 folders. ‘IIHA’. Contents of Needham's folder so inscribed divided into six for ease of reference: brief correspondence. At D.266 is draft programme of the Institute as prepared by the interim commission. commission; duplicated typescript papers of D.262-D.267 interim International Institute of the Arid Zone (IIAZ) The establishment of the IIAZ was proposed at the third session of the General Conference in 1948. After consideration of the proposals during 1949, an interim commission was established in 1950 and the IIAZ began work in 1951. Nature, 5 January 1952, describing the work of the Institute. Report of first meeting of IIAZ advisory committee, April 1951; offprint from Papers on the proposed IIAZ, 1949. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation Support for international science One of the reasons that Needham tried to introduce the 'S' into UNESCO was to support existing structures of international scientific cooperation, such as the international scientific unions and their umbrella body, the International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU). The material relates to Natural Sciences Section relations with individual international science bodies, including proposals to form new international unions affiliated to ICSU. At D.300 is a little general material on UNESCO relations with non-governmental international scientific organisations. D.270-D.279 International Council of Scientific Unions. Chiefly duplicated typescript papers. D.270-D.272 ICSU executive committee papers, 1947. 3 folders. D.273-D.277 ICSU Monthly Bulletins 1-32, September 1947 - May 1951. sequence. 5 folders. Nota complete the International Council of Scientific Unions and Correspondence re questionnaire on international science cooperation for peace, circulated by ICSU's Committee on Science and its Social Relations, 1948. ‘Reports from its constituent organizations on their activities for which UNESCO allocated grants-in-aid in 1949'. Letter re possible formation of international committee, 1950. International committee on anatomical nomenclature. International Association of Microbiologists. International Committee for Bird Protection. Memorandum from J.S. Huxley, 1949. Papers 1949, 1951. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation International Council for the Exploration of the Sea. Papers, 1946, 1949. International Federation of Culture Collections. Annual reports for 1947 and 1948. International Hydrographic Bureau. Statutes; report of activities 1947. International Mathematical Union. Correspondence and papers re proposed International Union, 1947-1948. International Meteorological Organisation. Letter only, 1949. Information, 1949. D.285, D.286 International Union of Biochemistry. International Organisation for Standardisation. Correspondence and papers re discussions on formation of proposed International Union at the first International Congress of Biochemistry, Cambridge, 19-25 August 1949. Congress, September - November 1949. Papers for meeting on the Congress. Needham was a UNESCO observer at the meeting, at which the proposals for the Union were discussed. Correspondence arising with F. Dickens, Joint Honorary Secretary of the 21 August of international committee of J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation International Union of Biological Sciences. Miscellaneous correspondence, 1948. International Union of Geology and Palaeontology. Papers re discussions on formation of proposed International Union at the 18th International Geological Congress, London, August 1948. Needham was a UNESCO observer at meetings at which this proposal was discussed. Material includes Needham's 7pp typescript report. D.289-D.295 International Union of Nutritional Sciences (IUNS). Principally duplicated typescript papers of the Provisional Committee for forming an International Union of Nutritional Sciences, 1948-1949, and of the IUNS itself, 1949-1960. is likely that many of the later papers are those of Lu Gwei-Djen who served as UNESCO representative on the IUNS Committee. It . Chiefly re application for membership of ICSU. 1950. Chiefly re application for affiliation with ICSU. . Affiliation. Chiefly re meeting of Provisional Committee, London, 10-12 June. 1948. Needham was an unofficial UNESCO observer. 1957, 1960. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation D.296-D.298 International Union for the Protection of Nature. Papers for Conference for the Establishment of the International Union for the Protection of Nature, Fontainebleau, France, 30 September - 7 October 1948. 3 folders. International Union of the Philosophy of Science. Letter only 1948. International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. Papers 1949, 1950. General papers re UNESCO relations with non-governmental international scientific bodies, 1950-1952. National Research Council Committee on UNESCO D.303-D.313 D.301, D.302 Papers of Committee meetings, January 1948 - June 1949. 2 folders. Memoranda and other papers circulated to Committee members by the Chairman, April 1948 - July 1950. 11 folders. Not a complete sequence. The US National Research Council established the Committee on UNESCO, under the auspices of its Division of International Relations, in April 1947. It liaised with the Natural Sciences Section of UNESCO. Needham received memoranda and papers from its Chairman, B.J. Bok. the work of the Natural Sciences Section. These memoranda report on developments within the Natural Sciences Section. D.314-D.316 ‘Science in UNESCO' bulletin nos. 7 - 13, 1948 - 1950. 3 folders. The bulletins were issued by the Committee to inform the American public of J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation UNITED NATIONS RESEARCH LABORATORIES The question of the establishment and administration of international research laboratories came under the auspices of the United Nations Economic and Social Council rather than UNESCO, as it was felt to have implications beyond the scientific or cultural spheres. The material includes papers of the Economic and Social Council and of the Committee of Scientific Experts on International Research Laboratories. This Committee, on which Needham served, met in August 1949 to consider the feasibility of setting up UN-run research institutes, independent of national governments. D.317-D.322 scientific ‘International and correspondence’. Contents of Needham's folder so inscribed divided into six for ease of reference. 1945-1952. institutes research cttee) notes (UN Offprints research correspondence 1948, chiefly re UNESCO interest. intemational articles re of institutes, 1945, 1948: Includes Needham's Needham accepted an invitation to join the Committee. Correspondence and papers, September - December 1949. Papers, August, re Committee of Experts meeting. manuscript notes and draft report of the meeting. Correspondence and papers, March - July 1949, chiefly re meeting of Committee of Experts, Paris, August. folders. Background papers of Economic and international research laboratories, 1946. Includes at D.323 draft resolution submitted by French delegation calling for the establishment of such laboratories. 2 Papers re establishment of international computation centre, 1952. Correspondence and international meteorological centre. D.323, D.324 Includes Council re re possible Social papers, 1950. material J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation D.325-D.329 ‘Report of the Secretary General on Establishing United Nations Research Laboratories', 23 January 1948. Annotated by Needham. 5 folders. D.330, D.331 Papers for meetings of Economic and Social Council 1948 at which the Report was discussed. 2 folders. UN report Laboratories (New York, December 1948), annotated by Needham. The Question of Establishing United Nations Research on D.333-D.336 Papers for meetings of Committee of Scientific Experts on International Research Laboratories, Paris, August 1949. 4 folders. D.337, D.338 Report of the Committee of Experts, May 1950. 2 folders. The report supported the establishment of international research institutes. BRITISH COMMITTEE FOR CO-OPERATION WITH UNESCO IN THE NATURAL SCIENCES ‘Second report by the Secretary-General on the question of establishing United Nations Research Laboratories’, June 1950. Needham was appointed a Royal Society representative on the British Committee for Co-operation with UNESCO in the Natural Sciences in May 1947. He served to 1952. representation at the UNESCO General Conference. The committee was one of a number of co-operating bodies which formed the UK National Commission for UNESCO. The material includes papers for meetings of the UK National Commission for UNESCO and papers circulated to all the national co- operating bodies. There is at meetings. the Committee, general papers of also correspondence re Correspondence Committee; UK issues raised 1947. re invitation to join the J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation 1948 (1). Committee meeting, 19 May. 1948 (2). Chiefly correspondence re reform of UNESCO. 1948 (3). Committee meeting, 19 October. 1948 (4). (1). 1949 Committee meeting, 24 May. Letter re meeting of Co-operating Bodies, 22 February; 1949 (2). 1950 (1). Committee meeting, 8 March. 1949 (3). Includes correspondence re UNESCO programme and budget for 1950. 1950 (2). Meeting and report of special committee on the UNESCO Project for a Scientific and Cultural History of Mankind, 13 March. See D.166, D.167 above. 1951 (2). Committee meeting, 25 April. 1950 (3). Report of the United Kingdom to UNESCO for 1949. 1950 (4). Committee meeting, 23 October. 1951 (1). Meeting of National Commission, 4 April. J. Needham NCUACS 54/3/95 United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation 1951 (3). Report of the United Kingdom to UNESCO for 1950. 1951 (4). Committee meeting, 16 November. D.357, D.358 Miscellaneous material found with preceding British Committee papers. D.357 Duplicated chemistry in USA, 1949. typescript information sheets on geology, pharmacy and British Commonwealth Scientific Office (North America) report on European branches of the Battelle Memorial Institute’, December 1953. 'The D.359-D.365 Press-releases and other literature re work of the FAO, June - November Annual Report of the United Kingdom Scientific Research Organization in Germany, 8 April 1954. FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANISATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS 1949, sent to Needham for information. 7 folders.