KENDREW, John Cowdery

KENDREW_JOHN_COWDERY

Catalogue of the papers and correspondenceof Sir John Cowdery Kendrew FRS (b. 1917) VOLUME | List of Contents Foreword GeneralIntroduction Sections A - F by Jeannine Alton NCUACScatalogue no. 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew NCUACS11/4/89 Title: Catalogue of the papers and correspondenceof Sir John Cowdery Kendrew FRS (b. 1917), molecular biologist Compiled by: Jeannine Alton Description level: Fonds Date of material: 1927-1988 Extent of material: ca 2000items Depositedin: Bodleian Library, Oxford Reference code: GB 161 © National Cataloguing Unit for the Archives of Contemporary Scientists, University of Bath. NCUACScatalogue no. 11/4/89 NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew The assembling of the material, and the compilation and production of this catalogue, have been made possible by a generous subvention from THE LEVERHULME TRUST NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew SOME OF THE MATERIAL IN THE COLLECTION MAY BE SUBJECT TO RESTRICTED ACCESS. ENQUIRIES SHOULD BE ADDRESSED IN THE FIRST INSTANCE TO: The Keeper of Western Manuscripts The Bodleian Library Oxford OX1 3BG NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew LIST OF CONTENTS FOREWORD GENERAL INTRODUCTION SECTION A NOTEBOOKS, NOTES AND ESSAYS A.1-A.120 INTRODUCTION NOTEBOOKS A.1-A.25 School A.26 A.27 War service University (postwar) NOTES AND ESSAYS A.28-A.31 School A.32-A.118 University A.119 A.120 War service Later miscellaneous notes SECTION B SECOND WORLD WAR B.1-B.60 INTRODUCTION CAREER AND CORRESPONDENCE B.1 Career B.2-B.24 Correspondence and papers 1941-46 NOTES B.25 Notes 15 27 29 29 32 32 33 33 33 47 47 48 49 51 51 51 55 55 NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew REPORTS B.26, B.27 Coastal Command B.28 B.29 B.30 B.31 Bomber Command Anti-submarine warfare Combined Operations Methodology B.32-B.41 Middle East Command B.42-B.47 South East Asia Command B.48-B.53 Postwar papers HISTORY OF OPERATIONAL RESEARCH B.54-B.60 Correspondence, papers, drafts SECTION C RESEARCH C.1-C.308 INTRODUCTION EARLY RESEARCH C.1 Reaction kinetics INFORMATION RETRIEVAL/DATA PROCESSING C.2-C.5 Information retrieval c.6-C.15 Computation on EDSAC I PROTEIN ANALYSIS PROJECTS c.16 C.17 c.18 c.19 c.20 C.21 Adult and foetal sheep haemoglobin 1946-58 Muscle 1947-54 Protein solubility c.1949 Procollagen 1951-52 Controlled shrinkage of protein crystals 1952 Polypeptide configuration 1953 56 56 56 57 57 57 59 60 61 61 62 65 68 68 69 69 70 72 72 72 72 72 73 73 NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew C.22 C.23 C.24 X-ray experiments 1953 Not used. Material transferred to C.1 Chymotrypsinogen c.1956 C.25, C.26 Correspondence "New proteins" 1947-69 EARLY RESEARCH REPORTS C.27 Reports 1946-53 MYOGLOBIN NOTEBOOKS (Kendrew and collaborators) C.28-C.40 Preliminary work c.41-¢.100 Main myoglobin programme c.101-C.116 Collaborators’ notebooks €.117-¢.125 Atomic co-ordinates/amino-acid sequencing C.126-C.129 Miscellaneous NOTES AND DATA (Kendrew and collaborators) c.130-C.169 Preliminary work C.170-C.189 Main myoglobin programme C.190-C.195 Collaborators’ notes and data C.196-C.198 Miscellaneous MATERIALS AND APPARATUS C.199-C.202 Supplies and specimens c.203 C.204 Optical diffractometer Microcamera C.205-C.207 Densitometer C.208,C.209 Computer time 714 74 75 75 75 81 90 93 97 101 101 106 108 110 111 111 111 112 112 112 NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew COLLABORATORS AND STAFF Cc. 210-C.238 Individual files Cc. 239-C.247 Chronological files CORRESPONDENCE .248-C.272 Aspects of myoglobin .273-C.277 Atomic co-ordinates/amino-acid sequencing .278-C.291 Publications MODELS A .292 Skeletal model A .293-C.297 Ball-and-spoke model A a .298 Science Museum London a Q .299-C.307 Correspondence MISCELLANEOUS Cc. 308 Pantographs 118 118 121 122 126 126 126 127 127 128 128 SECTION D MRC LABORATORY OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY CAMBRIDGE D.1-D.39 129 INTRODUCTION D. 1-D.5 D. 6-D.12 Buildings Apparatus and equipment D.13-D.32 Staff D.33-D.38 Research and administration D.39 Historical 130 131 131 133 134 135 NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew SECTION E CAMBRIDGE : UNIVERSITY AND COLLEGE E.1-E.16 INTRODUCTION CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY E.1, E.2 Teaching and curriculum E.3-E.5 Committees E.6 Electoral and Advisory Boards PETERHOUSE E.7-E.10 Scholarship and entrance examinations E.11-E.13 Supervision E.14 Prizes E.15, E.16 Mastership elections EUROPEAN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY: INTRODUCTION TO SECTIONS F, G AND H SECTION F EUROPEAN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY ORGANISATION (EMBO) F.1-F.232 INTRODUCTION EARLY HISTORY F.1-F.9 Preliminary meetings and correspondence 1963 F.10-F.15 Formal constitution and statutes F.16-F.33 Relations with other organisations F.34-F.42 Policy document F.43-F.56 Funding F.57-F.60 Miscellaneous correspondence 137 138 138 138 139 140 140 141 141 141 142 146 148 151 151 152 153 156 158 160 NCUACS 11/4/89 J.c. Kendrew MEMBERSHIP F.61-F.77 F.78,F.79 Nominations and elections 1963-82 Circulars and lists 1964-75 COUNCIL F.80-F.118A Correspondence and meetings 1964-80 F.119-F.127 Membership and elections F.128,F.129 Minutes and circulars 1963-74 1963-81 FUND COMMITTEE F.130-F.132 Membership F.133-F.140 F.141-F.149 Correspondence and papers Fellowship applications F.150 Minutes 1965-74 1964-74 1964-74 1965-73 COURSE COMMITTEE F.151-F.153 Membership F.154-F.167 Correspondence and papers F.168 Minutes and circulars 1965-74 1965-74 1966-69 LABORATORY COMMITTEE F.169-F.208 Meetings, correspondence and papers 1963-73 ADMINISTRATION F.209,F.210 Appointments F.211-F.213 Finance and accounts F.216-F.220 General administrative correspondence SYMPOSIUM COMMITTEE F.221-F.228 Correspondence and papers F.229 Minutes 1974-81 1974-80 163 163 167 168 169 169 169 170 170 171 171 171 173 174 174 181 181 181 182 183 183 183 NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew MISCELLANEOUS F.230,F.231 Press releases, articles, comments 1963-71 F.232 Annual reports 1966-81 SECTION G EUROPEAN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY CONFERENCE (EMBC) G.1-G.150 185 INTRODUCTION EARLY HISTORY G.1-G.13 "Swiss Initiative" 1964-67 G.14-G.28 Intergovernmental meetings and negotiations G.29-G.35 Signing and ratification of Agreement 1969-70 1967-69 GENERAL CORRESPONDENCE AND PAPERS G.36-G.55 1969-79 MEMBERSHIP G.56-G.64 1968-76 SUBCOMMITTEES AND WORKING GROUPS G.65 Laboratory Working Group I G.66-G.73 Laboratory Working Group II Role of the laboratory Organisation, structure, administration G.74-G.87 Laboratory Working Group III G.88-G.91 Laboratory Working Group IV Site of the laboratory Financial aspects G.92-G.102 Steering Group of Laboratory Working Groups G.103-G.106 Enlarged legal sub-group G.107-G.114 "Andres" Working Group on future of Conference 186 188 188 190 192 193 193 196 196 197 197 197 198 200 200 201 202 NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 10 CONFERENCE AND COMMITTEE PAPERS G.115-G.150 1967-81 SECTION H EUROPEAN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LABORATORY (EMBL) H.1-H.417 207 INTRODUCTION AGREEMENTS H.1-H.6 H.7,H.8 Laboratory Agreement Headquarters Agreement THE BUILDING OF THE LABORATORY H.9-H.12 H.13-H.20 H.21-H.34 H.35-H.46 H.47-H.49 H.50-H.55 Temporary accommodation in Heidelberg Early planning and costing Building Committee Architects, tenders, plans Furnishing and interior design Inauguration RESEARCH COMMITTEES AND WORKING GROUPS o e e o e c .56-H.68 .69-H.97 .98 .99 . LOO-H.102 .103-H.140 Provisional Scientific Advisory Committee (PSAC) Scientific Advisory Committee (SAC) Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Working Group Computer Policy Working Group Recombinant DNA (rDNA) Committee Scientific Purchases Committee a z .141-H.151 Workshops RESEARCH DIVISIONS - HEIDELBERG H.152-H.177 Cell Biology H.178-H.182 Biological Structures H.183-H. 202 Instrumentation 210 212 212 213 214 214 214 215 217 218 219 221 222 223 226 226 226 227 230 232 232 235 235 NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 11 OUTSTATION AT DEUTSCHES ELEKTRONEN SYNCHROTRON (DESY) - HAMBURG .203-H. 205 Early History .206-H. 210 Relations with DESY e t o e .211-H. 213 DESY Committees .214-H. 217 o m Staff .218-H. 220 c o c Equipment .221-H .237 c z Research OUTSTATION AT INSTITUT MAX VON LAUE - PAUL LANGEVIN (ILL) - GRENOBLE .238-H. 246 Early History .247 ILL - EMBL Building a e a .248-H. 254 ILL Scientific Council e o .255 u a .256 Staff Equipment z x .257-H. 262 Research RESEARCH PROGRAMMES H.263-H. 265 Laboratory Research Programmes 1975-87 SEMINARS, LECTURES, COURSES H.266-H. 273 Seminars H.274-H. 279 Lectures H.280 Courses VISITORS AND STAFF H.281-H. 291 Visitors H.292-H. 296 Staff MEMBERSHIP H.297-H. 304 Existing, continuing, proposed new membership 240 241 241 242 242 243 245 246 247 247 248 248 248 249 249 250 250 251 251 252 252 253 254 254 NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 12 ADMINISTRATION H.305-H.311 Organisation and planning H.312-H.318 Committees H.319-H.324 Finance H.325,H.326 Staff Association H.327-H.333 Miscellaneous H.334-H.344 Appointments DIRECTOR-GENERAL’S NOTES AND CORRESPONDENCE H.345-H.358 Notes H.359-H.367 Kendrew's appointments and career at EMBL H.368,H.369 Personal correspondence H.370-H.377 Director-General's correspondence FINANCE COMMITTEE AND COUNCIL MINUTES H.378-H.417 1973-81 SECTION J UK SOCIETIES, ORGANISATIONS, CONSULTANCIES J.1-J.176 SECTION K INTERNATIONAL SOCIETIES, ORGANISATIONS, K.1-K.119 CONSULTANCIES SECTION L LECTURES, PUBLICATIONS, BROADCASTS L.1-L.149 INTRODUCTION L.1-L.77 Lectures, publications, reviews L.78-L.98 Radio, televison, films L.99-L.144 Correspondence with publishers and editors L.145-L.149 Addenda : Lectures 1946-87 255 256 258 259 259 260 262 262 263 265 265 266 266 269 308 339 340 342 353 357 364 NCUAGS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 13 SECTION M JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY M.1-M.37 INTRODUCTION M.1,M.2 Founding papers 1957-59 M.3-M.19 Correspondence with editors and authors M.20-M.37 Correspondence with Academic Press SECTION N VISITS AND CONFERENCES N.1-N.71 INTRODUCTION SECTION O CORRESPONDENCE 0.1-0.31 INTRODUCTION SECTION P REFERENCES AND RECOMMENDATIONS P.1-P.42 P.1-P.3 P.4-P.17 Theses and higher degrees Appointments and staffing P.18-P.40 Grant applications/research funding P.41,P.42 Miscellaneous SECTION R BIOGRAPHICAL R.1-R.51 BIBLIOGRAPHY INDEX OF CORRESPONDENTS AND ORGANISATIONS 385 387 388 390 393 393 404 404 409 410 410 411 412 413 423 435 NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 14 FOREWORD The completion of this Catalogue of the personal papers of Sir John Kendrew is a significant event in the work of the National Cataloguing Unit for subject both in the nature of of Contemporary Scientists, Archives its the matter and in the manner of its achievement. This is not the only occasion on which we have undertaken the task of But it is the first time that an working on the papers of a living scientist. opportunity has been taken to examine such a large collection at a time when the subject was retiring from his major scientific and was still available to guide us in our analysis of its contents. and extremely grateful to Sir John for his ready co-operation in this task. academic commitments, We are The project excellent opportunity has also been significant because it to engage the experience and expertise of has provided an Mrs Jeannine Alton, the Centre. It former Executive Director of the Contemporary Scientific been difficult to imagine how the task could have is Archives completed within researchers in the history of molecular biology will be greatly in her debt. time available to us without the dedication Mrs Alton. the of All Finally, the project could not have been tackled without the generous would On behalf of NCUACS I understanding help of the Leverhulme Trust. and like to record our gratitude to the Director, Sir Rex Richards, and the Trustees of the Leverhulme Trust, for their support. R.A. Buchanan Director, NCUACS June 1989 NCUACGS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 15 GENERAL INTRODUCTION PROVENANCE The material was received from Kendrew at various dates April 1987 to April 1989. Certain additional papers, chiefly those relating to his personal life or to ongoing concerns, remain in his charge during his lifetime. OUTLINE OF THE LIFE AND CAREER OF SIR JOHN KENDREW John Cowdery Kendrew was born on 24 March 1917. His mother, Evelyn Sandberg, was a distinguished art historian; she lived in Italy and the boy was brought up by his father Wilfred George Kendrew, tutor of St. Catherine’s and Reader in Climatology at Oxford University. They lived in Oxford and also at Bladon near Woodstock; walking and cycling expeditions were frequent, with early interests in natural history, birds and flowers, buildings and (later) photography. Kendrew was educated at the Dragon School Oxford (1923-1930) and Clifton College Bristol (Scholar, 1930-1936), of both of which he became a Governor. In 1936 he went to Trinity College Cambridge as a Major Scholar. While his main subject was chemistry he made it his business to profit as widely as possible from the range of subjects available; he studied and attended lectures in physics, mathematics and biochemistry, taking the last two as half-subjects in Part 1 of the Tripos. He kept up his skills as a photographer and added a growing love of music; these, with architecture and archaeology, remain permanent features of his life. In June 1939 he graduated with First-Class Honours in chemistry and immediately began research in reaction kinetics in the Department of Physical Chemistry. By December 1939, following up an undergraduate interest in radio developed in the Signals Unit of the Cambridge OTC, he was appointed as a Junior Scientific Officer at the Air Ministry and worked first on radar and from 1940 on operational research with special reference to anti-submarine warfare, bombing accuracy and radio aids. Most of his war service was spent abroad, in Cairo with Middle East Command and then in India and Ceylon with South-East Asia Command where he was NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 16 officer in charge of operational research and Scientific Adviser to the Allied Air Commander-in-Chief, holding the honorary rank of Wing Commander. Wartime travels and encounters were to have major effects on his future career. J.D. Bernal, met in Cairo, India and Ceylon, persuaded him of the importance of research into protein, and this was reinforced by a meeting with L.C. Pauling in the course of a roundabout journey home via Australia and America in the spring of 1945. Though he hesitated for some time and explored the possibility of remaining in Government service to continue operational research and planning for peacetime policies, he decided to return Cambridge, and began a collaboration with M.F. Perutz under the direction to of Sir Lawrence Bragg at the Cavendish Laboratory. Thus began a heroic period: in Kendrew’s career and in those of his collaborators, in the subject of research - X-ray crystallographic analysis of protein structure - , in the Cavendish Laboratory and the University of Cambridge. In October 1947 the Medical Research Council set up a Unit for the Study of the Molecular Structure of Biological Systems with Perutz and Kendrew as its total staff; this was the origin of the now famous Laboratory of Molecular Biology, currently more spaciously housed than in the cramped quarters and huts where such brilliant work was achieved in the 1950s. After exploring many possible problems and materials Kendrew chose myoglobin and in particular sperm-whale myoglobin as the most suitable for analysis by X-ray crystallography; he and his collaborators eventually succeeded in producing a three-dimensional model at a resolution of 6-A in 1957 and 2-A in 1959. This long and often tedious haul, requiring much manual experimentation as well as increasingly sophisticated computing resources to handle large amounts of data, was rewarded when he shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Perutz (who had continued to work on haemoglobin) in 1962, that annus mirabilis when F.H.C. Crick and J.D. Watson (both of the MRC Unit) shared the Prize in Physiology or Medicine with M.H.F. Wilkins for the determination of the structure of DNA. Alongside the laboratory work, Kendrew had maintained his links with university life principally through Peterhouse which had welcomed him during the early postwar years as a Research Fellow 1947-1953 and later as a Supernumerary Fellow. He was Director of Studies in Natural Sciences for many years with responsibility for selection and tuition of undergraduate members, as well as holding several College offices. He later became an Honorary Fellow of Peterhouse, as also of his undergraduate college, Trinity. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 17 To this period also belongs Kendrew’s marriage to Elizabeth Jarvie 1948 and subsequent divorce 1956. J.D. Watson, who was under Kendrew’s supervision as a research student, lodged at their home during his early days in Cambridge. From about the late 1950s Kendrew became more involved in scientific matters in the wider world. He was a founding member and first Honorary Secretary of the British Biophysical Society; in 1959 he undertook the Editorship of the new Journal of Molecular Biology which he retained until 1987; he was Deputy Chief Scientific Adviser Ministry of Defence 1960-1963; and he served on committees and advisory boards of the Royal Society where he had been elected to the Fellowship in 1960. With the award of the Nobel Prize this involvement gained momentum and an altogether new dimension in international terms with the development of the European Molecular Biology Organisation (EMBO) and its Laboratory (EMBL); the first exploratory talks seem indeed to have coincided with the journey to Stockholm at the end of 1962. Here too the way was to be long and hard. The formation of an active international association of scientists working in molecular biology (EMBO) was relatively easily achieved during 1963 and 1964, but the formal funding and organisation of such a body required intergovernmental political agreement and did not come until 1969 when the European Molecular Biology Conference (EMBC) was established by agreement by thirteen West European states. The Laboratory project, which was especially dear to Kendrew, was even longer in reaching an agreement (1973), a secretariat and research programme in place (1974) and a formal opening (1978). In all these developments Kendrew was closely involved, on the Council of EMBO, as Chairman of its Laboratory Committee and later its Secretary-General, as Secretary-General of EMBC, and as Project Leader and first Director-General of the EMBL. Many other commitments to national and international science policy also belong to these years. In Britain they include service on the Council for Scientific Policy and chairmanship of some of its committees and working parties 1964-1972, service on the Defence Scientific Advisory Council 1969- 1974, continuing service on the Council and other committees of the Royal Society and on other learned societies in particular the British Biophysical Society and the Institute of Biology. Examples of increasing involvement international science and scientific policy can be seen in his appointment in as Governor of the Weizmann Institute Israel 1964 and the Vice-Presidency and Presidency of the International Union of Pure and Applied Biophysics 1964-1972. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 18 During the 1960s Kendrew continued his research on myoglobin, refining the resolution to 1.4-A and determining the co-ordinates of virtually all the 2500 atoms in the molecule. In the later 1960s however his other commitments increasingly absorbed his time and energy and his official move to Heidelberg as Director-General of EMBL in 1975 marked the end of active research. The creation of the EMBL as a physical entity and more importantly as an international centre of excellence where several teams and research projects could co-exist and collaborate was a lasting achievement. In addition, or in consequence, Kendrew's diplomatic skills, mastery of detail and experience in chairmanship made him constantly in demand on a wider stage. served, often as chairman, on the scientific councils or advisory boards He of laboratories or research institutions in Naples, Basel, Brussels, Stockholm, Heidelberg and others, on various UNESCO committees, and on many electoral boards for honours and appointments in Britain and abroad. His formal association with science at the international level may be said to have culminated in his service with the International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU) as Secretary-General 1974-1980 and President 1983-1988. Kendrew’s original contract of secondment from the Medical Research Council and appointment as Director-General of the EMBL was renewed twice, until 1982 when he retired on reaching the age of 65. His last appointment brought him back to Oxford as President of St. John’s College until 1987. Since then he has lived in his house near Cambridge, maintaining his connections or continuing active involvement with many organisations, notably as Past-President and Member of the Executive Board of ICSU, as Chairman of the Board of Governors of the Joint Research Centre of the European Economic Communities, and other international associations. DESCRIPTION OF THE COLLECTION The material is very extensive and provides information not only on virtually all aspects of Kendrew’'s own career but on many of the individuals and organisations connected with it. The papers are presented as shown in the List of Contents. Additional explanatory notes or information accompany the separate sections and many of the sub-sections and individual entries in the body of the catalogue. The following paragraphs are intended only to draw attention to material of particular interest. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 19 It should be said at the outset that the entire collection reflects on almost every page what are probably the best-known features of Kendrew’s personality: on the one hand his methodical and analytical power, his meticulous not to say obsessive insistence on accuracy and comprehensive documentation, shown in his lifelong interest in record-keeping and the devising of recondite systems for information storage and retrieval; on the other hand, an aloofness or elusiveness of temperament which sets certain limits to personal relations. There are a steadiness and control, a detachment combined with seemingly tireless application which constitute a formidable intellectual armoury and which are present from the earliest records. Thus, Section A (Notebooks, Notes and Essays) though mainly covering early school and undergraduate work 1930-39 is remarkable for its maturity and for the quantity and quality alike of the content. It is classified under a system of Kendrew’s own devising which, though intrinsically clear and flexible, involved careful pagination with at least two referents, and an appreciable measure of cross-referencing in order to amalgamate school and university work; as there are some 9000 manuscript pages of notes, not counting notebooks and essays, the degree of labour required would not have been contemplated, let alone undertaken and carried through, by many. A modern historian of intellectual or educational development will be grateful for the scrupulous indexing of topics, the very full notes of lecture courses and the careful identification of lecturers. The latter included most of the leading figures in Cambridge science immediately before and after the Second World War and some visiting lecturers (J.E. Lennard-Jones, F.W. Aston, R.G.W. Norrish, E.K. Rideal, F.P. Bowden, J.A. Ratcliffe, W. Cochran, F.G. Hopkins, M. Dixon, F.G. Mann, W.J. Pope, D.D. Woods, J. Needham, A. Neuberger, D Keilin, K. Bailey, I. Langmuir may be cited among very many others). The total sequence therefore provides an exceptionally comprehensive picture of the education available at that time at a well-run school science department and a major "science" university. Section B (Second World War) chronicles Kendrew’s overseas service and contributions to operational research, and contains original reports from various commands by him and others. It also includes several letters or private reports on his analysis of the war situation at various dates, of the current and future state of operational research and of his own career plans, his suggestions and proposals for the postwar organisation of government science, and a punched card, designed by him, to be used by aircraft patrol NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 20 crews to record incidents. Section C (Research) is one of the major components of the collection and furnishes a very full record of Kendrew's research, including some of his collaborators’ work. It is concerned almost entirely with protein structure analysis, beginning in 1946, and includes the devising of computer programs to handle and process data on machines of progressive sophistication (EDSAC I, EDSAC II, Mercury, IBM 7090 and others), the many years of experimentation with types of myoglobin until in December 1952 sperm-whale emerged as the most promising crystal source, and the ensuing protracted sequence of diffraction pictures, phase determination, scaling, manual and computer calculations leading up to the establishment of contour maps and the final three-dimensional picture at successive Angstrém resolutions. There is also material on the concurrent and subsequent work on amino-acid sequencing by chemical methods in correlation with the crystallographic analysis. In addition to the main sequence of notebooks, notes and data, there is material relating to specimens, apparatus and models, and correspondence with collaborators and colleagues extending over more than twenty years. The progress of the work can thus be followed in great technical detail. On a more immediately accessible level, there are reports, project diaries, summaries of experimental findings, charts of progress, work-allocations and the like written from the bench or in correspondence throughout the period, and covering key points such as_ the identification of the best crystalline protein, the excitement of the eventual syntheses and their publication. Attention is drawn to these and other items of interest in the introduction to Section C and at various points in the body of the text. Section D (The MRC Laboratory Cambridge) is a relatively short section, but contains correspondence on the new building and its extension conducted by the Director M.F. Perutz, and some material on equipment and staff. There are also agendas, minutes and research proposals for Laboratory meetings, Board Structural Studies Division from 1969 (no.1) until his secondment to Heidelberg full record of committee meetings and a of Kendrew’s own in 1975. Section E (Cambridge: University and College) is another short section and does not fully reflect Kendrew’s work as lecturer and teacher, his committee service at Cambridge. His own extremely detailed notes entrance and scholarship examinations for Peterhouse and the "King’s Group" or on of NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 21 colleges in the 1950s are again of interest for the history of education. Sections F, G and H are all devoted to the history of European molecular biology and constitute another major component of the collection, covering twenty years 1962-82. The extent of the material made it expedient to present it in separate sections for the Organisation EMBO (Section F), the Conference EMBC (Section G) and the Laboratory EMBL (Section H). A general introduction to the topic and to the material has been prepared as well as_ the specific introductions preceding each section. As has already been stated, Kendrew was closely involved in the movement from its earliest inception; held high office in its key committees and secretariat and was also active he in several channels of the science policy establishment in Britain such as_ the Council for Scientific Policy and the International Relations Committee of the Royal Society. His unique place at or near the centre of events makes his record of special value in several regards. It is remarkably complete and contains the early history or "founding papers" of all three European bodies, many of them in the form of manuscript or informal letters exchanged with distinguished colleagues throughout Europe as well as in Britain where the Cambridge MRC Laboratory itself provided the first Chairman of EMBO, M.F. Perutz, and many founder members such as S. Brenner, H.E. Huxley, F.H.C. Crick and A. Klug. In addition, the first Secretary-General of EMBO, J. Wyman, has at Kendrew’s request made over his own papers and correspondence on the subject for incorporation in the present collection. All aspects of the European molecular biology movement are thus covered: negotiations, discussions and agreements at personal, official, national and international level; research projects, membership and elections; buildings and staffing; budgets, costings and funding - made dangerously unpredictable for the laboratory project by the global inflation and fluctuating European exchange rates in the 1970s; and as time advances a proliferation of committees and working parties. The element of doubt, unfavourable comment and hostility is not neglected; the efforts of founder members to keep the project alive by personal contacts is evident many contexts. Kendrew's own notes of discussions, planning and problems in at all stages are of the greatest interest, especially for the laboratory project; Section H also includes documentation of his own career at EMBL. Sections J and K are concerned respectively with UK and with international societies and organisations. Each has an alphabetical list of contents and most of the items have a descriptive entry or introductory note. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 22 Of special interest in Section J are the "founding papers" of the British Biophysical Society, papers of the Council for Scientific Policy including those of the Working Groups on molecular biology, on the proposal for EMBL and on the Dainton and Rothschild reports on the organisation of research, and the Council's Standing Committee on International Relations. There is also a full record of the High Energy Particle Physics Review Group chaired by Kendrew, and material relating to various committees and sub-committees of the Royal Society. Correspondence with W.L. Bragg and others at the Royal Institution provides useful links with Kendrew’s research career during the myoglobin project; material for the Design Research Unit shows him in an unexpected role in the 1940s submitting ideas for industrial and design applications of scientific advances. On the international scene (Section K) there are records of Kendrew’s extensive service on the councils or advisory boards of institutions and laboratories and of their research programmes - examples among others are the Basel Institute for Immunology, the Laboratory of Molecular Embryology Naples, the Max-Planck-Gesellschaft Munich, the Molecular Biology Department Free University of Brussels, the United Nations University Tokyo - and good documentation for his long and continuing association, begun in 1963, with the Weizmann Institute Israel. The international scientific unions are represented by Biochemistry (IUB) and Pure and Applied Biophysics (IUPAB), but chiefly by the International Council of Scientific Unions (ICSU) which remains one of Kendrew’s most important commitments and in which he held high office from 1974. Section L (Lectures, Publications, Reviews) was considerably expanded at a late stage in the compilation of the catalogue by Kendrew’s decision to include his folders of lectures and talks 1946-1987. These appear as addenda and have been extensively cross-referenced to related material, conferences, invitations and other events elsewhere in the collection. They contain many more lectures than previously available and include substantial courses given in America and Japan, and various special invitation lectures. Section M (Journal of Molecular Biology) has been treated separately from other publications because of Kendrew’s long involvement with the journal as Editor-in-Chief from its inception and as a Director of Academic Press. Once again there are "founding papers", careful notes and analyses by Kendrew, and miscellaneous material on the fortunes and vicissitudes of the journal and NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 23 its publishers over a time-span of thirty years. Section N (Visits and Conferences) is not extensive and is far from reflecting the extent of Kendrew's travels. His notoriously peripatetic existence becomes apparent by the accumulation throughout the collection of references to journeys in connection for example with European molecular biology, or on behalf of ICSU and its constituent unions, or the official visits for the Council for Scientific Policy, or the regular visits and meetings at other laboratories and institutions. Sections 0, P and R are all short sections. Section 0 (Correspon- dence) is not extensive since Kendrew kept almost all his correspondence in the files or notebooks to which it related. One touches here on the reticent element in his temperament; the correspondence is open and friendly yet rarely develops into long-term exchanges. Section P (References and Recommendations) covers a long period and is international in range; some is subject to restricted access. Section R (Biographical) contains some interesting material on Kendrew’s career and appointments, including many offers of posts in Britain and abroad. Unsurprisingly, it contains little of a personal nature. A Bibliography and an extensive index of correspondents complete the catalogue. It will be seen that the collection comprises material of very different nature and of potential interest in several fields of enquiry. There is the full history of a major scientific discovery as such (the structure of myoglobin) and, in the many research proposals put forward by individuals and institutions including EMBL, examples of how leading scientists saw the key developments in their subject at a particular time. There is material intellectual training and the diffusion of changing scientific concepts filtering to a wider public awareness through the educational process various levels. The international aspects of science can be studied organisation, assemblies, membership and evolving preoccupations in of scientific unions and especially of their central body ICSU; while there exceptional coverage of one field of European co-operation in the history on by at the the is of EMBO, EMBC and EMBL. The material relating to the Journal of Molecular Biology reflects an important aspect of the scientific process: the evaluation and NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 24 communication of research findings and the criterion of peer- judgment. of perhaps more specialised interest is the evidence of the scientific contribution to the war effort during the Second World War, seen here in the correspondence and reports on operational research in several fields of hostilities and in the responsibility exercised by people still in their early twenties. It should be recalled that the documents on all these topics include both official papers in the shape of minutes, reports and the like, and also Kendrew’s own meticulous notes, drafts and comments which greatly supplement the official material, and background correspondence and discussions which rarely form any part of them. Some sections or items in the collection may be subject to restricted access. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 25 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Thanks are due primarily to Sir John Kendrew for initially allowing his papers to go forward for cataloguing, and for his continuing invaluable interest in the process. He has made himself freely available for consultation at every stage and placed his almost total recall at the disposal of the compiler. At his instance, Dr. R.G. Parrish and Professor J. Wyman have also made relevant material available from their own records. Professor Sir David Phillips has kindly given advice and information and helped to identify material on the joint Royal Institution - MRC Unit research. Dr. E.A. Leedham-Green of Cambridge University Archives and Dr. R.W. Lovatt of Peterhouse have helped with information on Kendrew'’s Cambridge years. Members and former members of the staff of the Department of Western Manuscripts Bodleian Library and of NCUACS have been unfailing sources of information, advice and encouragement. Hazel Gott has faced the processing and revising of the catalogue with remarkable resilience and aplomb. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 26 SECTION A NOTEBOOKS, NOTES AND ESSAYS A.1-A.120 INTRODUCTION NOTEBOOKS A.1-A.25 School A.26 A.27 War service University (postwar) NOTES AND ESSAYS A.28-A.31 School A.32-A.118 University A.119 A.120 War service Later miscellaneous notes NCUAGS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 27 INTRODUCTION This section includes early school and university notebooks, notes and essays from 1930 to 1939, and one notebook each from Kendrew's war service (A.26) and his later Cambridge career (A.27). There are also some later miscellaneous research notes and postwar lecture notes (A.120). The laboratory notebooks, observations and notes relating to his principal postwar research on myoglobin and other proteins are in Section C. The most remarkable feature of the material presented here is the diligent care with which Kendrew wrote up his work even from the earliest stages of his career, culminating in the major indexed series of notes at A.40- A.117 which incorporates material from lectures, literature searches and laboratory experiments, drawing on school work as well as Cambridge sources, all classified under a system of his own devising. The school notebooks are of the standard hardback type, all paginated, bearing not only contemporary legends such as "Set 4" but later in red ink showing where they fall into the major indexed series. inscriptions No notebooks of this kind survive from Cambridge, Kendrew having come to prefer loose pages of small quarto format from his school sixth form period onwards. Although Kendrew’s own talents and diligence were the essential factors in building his career, mention should be made of the high level of work expected and attained at Clifton. The head of Science 1920-40 was the historian recalls (private communication August 1988) that when he entered the sixth form and later scientific science Holmyard. editor E.J. of Kendrew Holmyard prescribed not one of his own many textbooks which were widely used in at the time but a German text; schools set had rapidly to acquire a reading knowledge of scientific German. no translation was available and The head the of physics was W.C. Badcock, whom Kendrew recalls as a particularly good teacher. Comments by these and other masters can be seen on the class exercises in the notebooks and in the essays at A.29. The general essays at A.30, often very thoughtful and marked with critical care, were written for Holmyard and for the Headmaster N. Whatley. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 28 Kendrew did not reach Cambridge until 1936 and the war was to disrupt his and many other lives in 1939. But he had three years of exposure to some of the country’s most distinguished scientific minds and used the opportunity fully, offering Chemistry, Physics, Biochemistry and Advanced Mathematics in Part I of the Natural Sciences Tripos and Chemistry in Part II. His extensive reading, assiduous lecture attendance and note-taking are dauntingly documented in the major indexed series, and the careful recording of lecturers’ and supervisors’ names is valuable for the history of education. On his return to Cambridge in 1946, the focussing of his interest in biochemical and crystallographic studies can be seen in the continuing meticulous lecture notes from 1946. His own work as lecturer and college supervisor and director of studies, for which equally careful records were kept, can be seen in Section E. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 29 NOTEBOOKS SCHOOL Physics Notebook cover and front page. "Physics" with red ink indications for main index on Paginated 1-140. pp.1-56, pp. 58-84, pp.86-119, "Electricity", 1930 "Mechanics" "Light" "“Hydrostatics", 1931 Notebook "Physics", cover and front page. with red ink indications for main index on Paginated 1-140. pp.1-87 used, "Heat", 1931 Notebook "Physics. Electricity and Magnetism. Lab", with red ink Paginated indications 1-70. for main index on cover and front page. All pages used. 1932. Notebook "Physics. Mechanics and the properties of matter. Lab", with red ink indications for main index on cover and front page. Paginated 2-134. All pages used. 1932. Notebook Paginated 2-70. "Physics. pp.2-38 used. 1932. Electricity and magnetism. Lecture". Notebook Lecture". "Physics. Paginated 2-50. Mechanics Not all pages used. and the properties of matter. 1932 pp.2-8, pp.9-10, 1933 NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 30 A.7 A.8 Notebook "Sound. Lab.", on cover and front page. with red ink indications for main index Paginated 1-10. pp.1-4 used, 1933. Notebook "Light. Lab.", on cover and front page. main index system 41(b)-90(b). with red ink indications for main index Pagination added later to conform with pp.41(b)-86(b), 1933 Notebook "Heat. Lab.", on cover and front page. main index system 61(c)-110(c). with red ink indications for main index Pagination added later to conform with pp.61(c)-106(c), 1933 A.10 Notebook "Sound. Lec[ture]", paginated 1-30. pp.1-15 used, 1933 Chemistry A.1l Notebook "Chemistry Lecture", paginated 1-68. pp.1-53 used, with Index at rear, 1931. A.12 A.13 A.14 "Chemistry Lecture", Dated on front Notebook page 1931 but work continues to 1932 and includes revision work for Clifton internal and School Certificate examinations. paginated 1-68. Notebook main later) on front page. index "Laboratory notebook", with red ink on cover and front page and index Paginated 1-40. indications (probably for added pp.1-38 used, 1931. notebook "Chemistry", format sequence. Small school classification press cuttings stuck at rear, are dated 1932. Paginated of elements and periodic 1-97. probably not part the with but on latest discoveries in physics, concerned Undated, Mainly table. of NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 31 A.15 Notebook "Chemistry. Extra Lab. 1932", paginated 1-30. pp.1-25 used, 1932. A.16 » A.17 Notebook "Inorganic Chemistry Lecture". on front page). Undated but 1932 (see A.17). Paginated 3-139 (index Notebook "Inorganic Chemistry Lecture II", all pages used. 1932. paginated 3-69. Not A.18 Notebook "Chemistry Organic Lecture", paginated 2-72. pp.2-62 used, 1932. A.19 Notebook "Chemistry Organic Practical", with red ink indications for main index on cover and front page. Paginated 1-60. pp.1-33, pp.34-54, 1933. 1932 A.20 A.21 A.22 "Inorganic Lab.", Notebook index on cover and front page, on front page. Paginated 1-64. 1933. with red ink indications main and index (probably added later) for pp.1-41, pp.42-60, pp.61-64, Analyses, 1933 Volumetric analysis, 1933-34 Qualitative analysis [1933] "Inorganic Notebook index on cover and front page, on front page. Paginated 71-137. Lab.", with red ink indications for main and index (probably added later) pp.71-112, 1934 pp.113-137, 1935. "Chem. Lab.", cover and front page, Notebook on front page. with red ink indications for main index on and index (probably added later) Paginated (probably added later) 241-260. pp.241-259, Analyses, 1935. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 32 Notebook handwriting suggests a date 1932-33. "Inorganic Analysis", paginated 2-43. Undated ; Notebook Chemistry". c.1932. (not standard school sequence format ) Paginated 2-61. Not all pages used. "Organic Undated but Analyses, notes on the literature. undated and probably Notebook during Kendrew’s time at the Dragon School, Oxford. "Geography Notes", very early maps, in Notes, Climatology, Oxford University and he was attracted to the study of geography at one time.) (Kendrew's mnemonics. Reader father was A.23 A.24 A.25 WAR SERVICE A.26 Kendrew’s S.0. Book 135, signed and headed "Summary notes". runs their of circuits and installations, 22 November 1940 to 14 March 1941 and a Material wide range of topics on radar and coastal air defence, including stations diagrams squadrons, and The visits were mainly to comments on personnel and equipment. and the material squadrons in Scotland and in Northern Ireland, was the basis of Kendrew's reports at B.26. lists of air of visits to equipment, coastal covers notes UNIVERSITY (POSTWAR) A.27 Binder of "Filofax" pages inscribed "Peterhouse Cambridge", with index of topics as follows: Mathematical formulae Mathematics Physics Statistics and probability General biology Psychology Sociology Archaeology Geography Botany Photography Chronology Own notes, post 1947. and notes on books and articles read. Undated but NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 33 NOTES AND ESSAYS SCHOOL A.28 Demonstrations and notes on explosives. A.29 Essays and questions on scientific topics, limits dated, various dates 1933-35. or preparation for revision as some written to time A few examinations. A.30 General essays written for E.J. Holmyard and N. Whatley. A.31 Miscellaneous shorter notes. Included reply omitted omitted from textbook on organic chemistry. here are two letters received by Kendrew at Clifton in word phenomenon 1935 from J. Read on from Concise OED; 1932 from to enquiries by him: K. Sisam about a UNIVERSITY Essays and questions A.32 A.33 "Supervision with Dr Mann 1937" (F.G. Mann, organic chemistry). Trinity, Reader in "Supervision with Dr Feather 1937, 1938" University Lecturer in physics). (N. Feather, Trinity, A.34 "Supervision with Dr Feather 1938". NCUAGS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 34 A.35 Miscellaneous essays, some for F.G. Mann, most for "Dr Hoar" [T.P. Hoar], others without attribution. A.32-A.34 notes. are on the small quarto pages used for the main indexed series of A.35 is on the large quarto often used in Cambridge in the 1930s. Teaching material A.36 Practical biochemistry, Michaelmas Term 1937. Material for 24 classes. A.37 Practical biochemistry, Lent Term 1938. Material for 22 classes. A.38 Practical biochemistry, Easter Term 1938. Material for 5 classes. Examinations A.39 Sciences Natural Part Part II 1936, 1939 (Chemistry). I 1938 (Chemistry, Tripos question papers: Biochemistry, Physics, Preliminary 1937, Mathematics), Some papers annotated by Kendrew. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 39 Major indexed series of notes and lectures The consists of almost 9,000 manuscript pages of small This format. career postwar included 1946-50 (see A.49, A.61, A.91-A.93, A.104-A.107, A.111). and the Cambridge lectures extend to school notes and lecture notes period covered is Kendrew’s 1936-39, quarto undergraduate also courses main are but in method the “code-book", of classification is preserved separately format at Kendrew’s on A.40 basic loose pages. physics, biology, mathematics, each with a topics: For chemistry this is upper case letters A-D, for code prefix. physics lower case letters a-h, for biology Greek characters a-6 and for mathematics Roman numerals I-IV. It is clear and flexible. also written on the same There are four chemistry, Within each topic the organisation is as follows: code prefix followed by numbered pages - systematic and notes on the literature eg. C.1-C.172. notes numbered pages followed by code prefix - lecture notes eg. 113¢C- 320C. numbered pages followed by code prefix in brackets - laboratory notes eg. 1(C)-70(C). "code-book" contains a detailed subject index of In addition Almost all the sequences have an index of contents. elements, the methods, definitions, apparatus and instruments etc. compounds, Cambridge lecturers are always named and some of the main source invitation books are outside the routine university teaching programme lectures an provides also then exceptionally full conspectus of the intellectual training though it may be doubted how many took such diligent available, advantage of it. the notes are also identified. included. sequence total thus few for A The A.40 "Code-book", subject index. explaining classification system and including NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 36 Chemistry Code-prefix upper case letters, subdivided into: A. B. C. D. Systematic inorganic chemistry. Theoretical and general chemistry. Physical chemistry. Organic chemistry. A. Systematic inorganic chemistry Systematic inorganic chemistry notes, group indexed, divided. each the whole paginated AO-A473 with some pages sub- arranged by groups, A.42 A.43 A.44 I Lecture course "Inorganic chemistry", and Easter terms 1938, paginated OA-33A. by McCombie, H. Index on first Part Lent page. B. Theoretical and general chemistry General notes and notes on the literature (school and university some pages material), sub-divided. index on front page, paginated BO-B165, Part II lecture course "Theoretical Chemistry" by Jones, paginated OB-77B. Michaelmas index 1939, 1938, Lent on J.E. Lennard- page, front Part Michaelmas 1938, index on front page, paginated 78B-142B. "Thermodynamics" lecture course II by J.K. Roberts, Part II lecture course "Crystal Chemistry" by 1939, index on front page, paginated 143B-218B. R.C. Evans, Lent NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew II Part index on front page, paginated 219B-243B. lecture course "Valency" by W.C. Price, 37 Easter 1939, A.47 A.48 A.49 A.50 A.51 A.52 A.53 A.54 A.55 Chemical paginated 244B-247B. Society lecture "Fireworks" by Dr R.E.D. Clark, Lent "Theories and Easter terms 1950, index on front page, paginated 248B-412B. of molecular structure" by J.E. Lennard-Jones, Laboratory notes, little earlier school work, paginated 1(B)-202(B). mainly Cambridge work 1937-39 but includes a C. Physical chemistry General notes and notes on the literature, mainly university but some school material, indexes on pp.C0O, C60, C160, paginated CO- C187, some pages sub-divided. Part Michaelmas 1937, index on front page, paginated OC-111C. lecture course "Physical chemistry" by I R.G.W. Norrish, Michaelmas Part II lecture course "General physical chemistry", 1938 (by F.P. Bowden) Lent 1939 (by E.K. Rideal), index on front pages, paginated 113C-320C. Part Rideal, index on front page, paginated 321C-374C. lecture course "Colloids", II Michaelmas 1938, by E.K. Part II lecture course "Surface reactions", E.K. Rideal, index on front page, paginated 375C-432C. Michaelmas 1938, by NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 38 A.56 Part II lecture course "Some aspects of biocolloids", Michaelmas 1938, by E.K. Rideal, index on front page, paginated 433C-475C. Part II lecture course "Electrochemistry", 1939, index on front page, paginated 476C-530C. by F.P. Bowden, Lent Part Allsopp, Lent 1939, index on front page, paginated 531C-582C. lecture course "The structure of molecules" II by C.B. Part II lecture course "Reactions in solution" Hughes, Easter 1939, index on front page, paginated 583C-615C. by E.A. Moelwyn- Lecture Langmuir paginated 616C-617C. "Recent of the developments in the study of films. GEC" [Irving Langmuir], 13 October By Dr 1937, "Modern Eirich, paginated 618C-636C. theoretical aspects (polymers)", Summer 1946, by F. Laboratory paginated 1(C)-169(C). notes and experiments October 1937 - February 1939, D. Organic chemistry front pages, Systematic organic chemistry notes on acrylic on material, numbered and a jump in numeration at D130. index mainly university but includes a little school some re- many pages sub-divided, paginated D1-D335, compounds, Systematic (benzenoid school material, paginated D400-D698. rings), on on front pages, chemistry organic notes index cyclic includes compounds little a compounds Systematic (quinonoid rings), alicyclic, and others, indexes on D700, D760, paginated D700-D947 with a jump in numeration at D812. chemistry organic cyclic notes on NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 39 A.66 A.67 A.68 A.69 A.70 A.71 chemistry the "Organic literature, school and university material, index on first page, paginated D1000-D1147. - general", notes notes and on I three-term Part W.J. Pope, Easter paginated 1D-5D, pages much sub-divided. index on front pages, Michaelmas 1936, lecture 1937, course "Organic by Lent and Easter 1937, P. Maitland, only, notes for Lent 1937 chemistry" II three-term by Part F.G. Mann, Michaelmas 1938, Lent and Easter 1939, index on front page, lectures all dated, very full notes paginated 6D-351D. chemistry" "Organic lecture course by Part II 1939, index on front page, paginated 352D-397D. lecture course "Stereochemistry", W.J. Pope, Lent "Some October 1937 by F.B. Kipping, paginated 398D-404D. compounds", aromatic lecture Chemical to Society 22 Laboratory 1(D)-179(D). IGI Laboratory, Blackley, Manchester August 1938". paginated Pp.78(D)-92(D) are "Report of work carried out at analyses and experiments 1936-39, notes, NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 40 Physics Code-prefix lower case letters, sub-divided into: a b c d e £ g h Electricity Light Heat Mechanics: properties of matter Sound Atomic physics: general Crystal physics Philosophy and scientific method a__Electricity A.72 A.73 A.74 A.75 and notes on the literature, Notes but paginated a0-al58, several pages sub-divided. includes a little school material, mainly university (to 1939) a115, indexes a0, on lecture I Part Michaelmas 1937, Oa-204a. course "Electricity" by Easter 1938, index on front pages, J.A. Ratcliffe, paginated Practical Clifton, 131(a)-239(a); A.1, A.3 electricity, 1935-36, laboratory notes some initialled W.C.B. at and [Badcock], paginated pages to be supplied from notebooks at experiments earlier Practical Cambridge 1937-38, paginated 241(a)-404(a). electricity, laboratory notes and experiments, b__ Light A.76 General notes, school and university material, indexes on b0 and b152, paginated bO0-b234. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 41 A.77 A.78 A.79 A.80 A.81 A.82 A.83 A.84 Part I lecture course, on front pages, paginated 1b-114b. by A. Wood, Lent and Easter 1937, index light, Practical 1935 notebooks at A.1, 117(b)-222(b). paginated 91(b)-110(b), A.8, A.2, laboratory notes and experiments, school earlier pages to be supplied from paginated and university 1937-38 at c Heat General notes, school and university material, indexes on c0 and c36, paginated c0-c97, several pages much sub-divided. Part I lecture course "Heat", index on front page, paginated Oc-112c. by Dr H. Carmichael, Lent 1938, Practical heat, laboratory notes and experiments, at school 1935 from paginated A.9, and university 1936-37 paginated 141(c)- notebooks at A.2, 198(c). 111(c)-134(c), supplied earlier to be pages d Mechanics: properties of matter General notes, page, paginated d0-d125. school and university material, index on front Part I lecture course "Mechanics" index on front pages, paginated 1d-100d. by A. Wood, Michaelmas 1936, Practical mechanics, laboratory notes and experiments, at school earlier pages to be supplied from 1935 A.4, and university 1936-38 paginated 101(d)- notebooks at A.1, 204(d). paginated 71(d)-100(d), NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 42 e Sound General notes, index on front page, paginated e0-e22. Part I lecture course "Sound", by A. Wood, Lent and Easter 1937, index on front page, paginated le-39e. Practical sound, laboratory notes and experiments 1936 paginated be pp.l(e)-10(e), 11(e)-23(e); supplied from notebook at A./7 referring to school work, to £ Atomic physics General notes and notes on the literature, school sub-divided. and university material, paginated f0-f103, index on front page, some pages Part 1936, index on front page, paginated Of-22f. lecture course "Isotopes", by I F.W. Aston, Michaelmas g Crystal physics Most of this material is postwar. Notes on the literature, index on front page, paginated g0-g5l. Lectures on "Crystal Physics: Lent and Easter 1946, index on front pages, paginated 0g-10lg. selected topics" by W.H. Taylor, Lectures on "Fourier methods" by H.D. Megaw, Lent 1948, index on front page, paginated 102g-147g. Lectures W. Cochran, Lent 1950, paginated 148g-179¢. "Some properties of the on reciprocal lattice", by A.85 A.86 A.87 A.88 A.89 A.90 A.91 A.92 A.93 NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 43 h Philosophy and scientific method A.94 Biology A.95 A.96 Notes paginated hl1-h23. on the literature (made in last terms at school 1936) Code-prefix Greek characters, sub-divided into: a B Y 6 Biochemistry Zoology Botany Physiology a Biochemistry Much of this material is postgraduate or postwar. Notes on the literature, page, paginated a0-a/5. university and postwar, index on front I course three-term lecture Lent and Easter 1938, Michaelmas Part Given by a 1937, D.J. Bell, series E. Holmes, T.R. Parsons, E.H.F. Baldwin, D. Needham, J. Needham, sub- M. Dixon, divided. index on front pages. "Biochemistry", names include F.G. Hopkins, of lecturers; D.D. Woods. Paginated Oa-353a, some pages NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 44 A.97 A.100 A.101 A.102 A.103 A.104 A.105 A.106 A.107 "Cell Michaelmas 1939, index on front page, paginated 354a-417a. oxidations", respiration biological and by M. Dixon, "Some Michaelmas 1939, index on front page, paginated 418a-432a. intermediary metabolism", aspects by Dr of Holmes, "Biochemistry of carbohydrates", index on front page, paginated 433a-483a. by D.J. Bell, Michaelmas 1939, "Enzymes", paginated 484a-535a. by M. Dixon, Michaelmas 1939, index on front page, "Plant biochemistry", front page, paginated 536a-587a. by N.F. Hill, Michaelmas 1939, index on "Organisation proteins", page, paginated 587a-620a. physical and A. Neuberger, by chemistry Michaelmas 1939, of amino-acids index on and front "Some (visiting 621a-623a. Ferry paginated aspects of protein chemistry", by Professor lecturer from Harvard), 23 November 1937, "Respiration and respiratory carriers", by D. Keilin, Lent 1946, index on front page, paginated 624a-669a. "Methods problems", paginated 670a-699a. by of X-ray analysis and their application to M.F. Perutz, Lent 1946, index on biological page, front "Protein and enzyme kinetics", on front page, paginated 700a-736a. by P. George, Easter 1946, index "Proteins", paginated 737a-766a (last note reads "course abandoned"). by K. Bailey, Michaelmas 1946, index on front page, NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew biochemistry, 1937, Lent 1938, laboratory notes index on front A.108 Practical Michaelmas O(a@)-151(a@). B__Zoology 45 and pages, experiments, paginated A.109 A.110 A.111 at Clifton 1936, index on front page, at Clifton 1936, index on front page, Notes paginated 08-1186. lectures on y Botany Notes paginated 07-1457. lectures on 6 Physiology Part II lecture course "Cell Physiology" by Hodgkin, D.K. Hill, page, paginated 06-1296. Michaelmas 1946, Lent 1947, E.N. Willmer, A.L. index on front NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 46 Mathematics Code-prefix Roman numerals, sub-divided into: I General notes II Analysis III Vectors and statistics IV Differential equations I General notes A.112 A.113 Miscellaneous calculus, mechanics, index on front pages, paginated I O-I 74. mathematical notes, algebra, trigonometry, II_ Analysis "Analysis", paginated II 1-II 151. by H.M. Taylor, Lent 1937, index on front pages, III Vectors and statistics A.114 "Vectors, tensors, numerical methods, interpolation statistics", index on front by R.S. Stoneley, pages, paginated III O-III 172. Michaelmas 1937, Easter 1938, A.115 Unpaginated notes and calculations on tensors. A.116 Notes and calculations, (on poorer quality paper). Statistics. during war III comparison of loss rates" dated 1 November 1944. page, paginated III 174-III 232. "Summary of ORS (B.C.) Report 113 undated but probably done Includes on pp.III 225- the Note Index on front 232 a on NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 47 IV Differential equations A.117 I lecture special Part functions, integrals", by F.C. Powell, Lent 1938, index on front pages, paginated IV 0-IV 133. "Differential equations, course Other University notes A.118 A.119 A.120 experiments, laboratory work, abstracts and notes on the Notes, literature, July 1939 - January 1940, on mutarotation, Kendrew's first research work with E.A. Moelwyn-Hughes. See also C.1. Establishment, Notes on radar research carried out with TRE (Telecommunications on Research Also notes on Barkhausen-Kurz oscillators, aerials, valves etc. notes the but not paginated. Made on same format as main university February - June literature. Malvern) 1940 Bundle but miscellaneous content and date. of small format "Filofax" notes on Includes: scientific subjects Notes on the literature (proteins, X-ray diffraction). Notes 1946-49. taken at lectures, mainly special lectures at Cambridge taken at visits and conferences, research Notes visits visits to USA 1951, 1953. laboratories and to Material extends to 1962. papers and discussions, including progress, in NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 48 SECTION B SECOND WORLD WAR B.1-B.60 INTRODUCTION CAREER AND CORRESPONDENCE B. 1 Career B .2-B.24 Correspondence and papers 1941-46 NOTES REPORTS B «2d Notes B 26, B.27 Coastal Command B .28 B .29 B .30 B 31 B .32-B.41 B -42-B.47 B -48-B.53 Bomber Command Anti-submarine warfare Combined Operations Methodology Middle East Command South East Asia Command Postwar papers HISTORY OF OPERATIONAL RESEARCH B. 54-B.60 Correspondence, papers, drafts NCUAGS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 49 INTRODUCTION Kendrew (private communication July 1988) describes how he came to be involved with radio research in prewar Cambridge as follows: "Being a contrary character, at my public school where almost everyone joined the OTC I refused to do so; at Cambridge, where almost no one joined, I proceeded to do it. I joined the Signals Unit, of which W.B. Lewis was - I think - Commanding Officer. Having joined, a friend (Jim Wilkins) and I discovered that Lewis had a contract with the War Office to develop ultra-shortwave two-way radio, and that needed spare-time help with this. The work was non-secret and had he no connexion with radar; the wavelengths involved were 3m and 66cm - very short by the standards of those days; but it meant that we could evade some uniformed parades and various tedious chores by enrolling ourselves with him in what I think was known as the Research Section and as far as I remember we were the only members of it. As - a consequence I had my picture in the newspaper relaying results from the track to the scoreboard at an athletic meeting at the White City (the headline read ‘Meet the walking wireless man’). When the War came I was interviewed by the Cambridge Recruiting Board and told to continue my academic research, which I did not find very satisfying with all my friends going off to the armed services. I had no idea about radar but I had heard a rumour that Lewis was involved in something interesting and I wrote to him with the result that I was recruited into TRE." His wartime career began in December 1939 when he was appointed a Junior Scientific Officer at the Air Ministry and he remained a Temporary Civil Operational Servant with Honorary commissioned rank throughout. He worked on Research (OR) with special reference to anti-submarine warfare, bombing accuracy and radio aids. During the early months of 1940 he worked as officer of TRE (see A.119) and in the autumn of that year was seconded an to Coastal Command to study and advise on the installation and operation of ASV (Air Detection of Surface Vessel) equipment (B.26). In September 1941 he was posted with the rank of Squadron Leader to Middle East Command, visiting Malta in October and December to instruct aircrew and controllers in the use of from December 1941 he was stationed in Cairo at Headquarters RAF Middle ASV; East, NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 50 concerned with coastal, bomber and army co-operation matters. During this period he produced a very successful "Handbook for aircrews and controllers", often referred to as a "Bible" (B.35). In December 1943, after a period of Command home leave, his rank was raised to Wing Commander on his move to where he served in India and Ceylon as officer in charge Asia and, from June 1944, as Scientific Adviser to the Allied Air Commander -in-Chief His long period of overseas service ended when he handed over South East Asia. his command in February 1945 and returned via Australia, the South West Pacific After London where he rejoined the Air Ministry in 1945. June South OR of East and USA to considerable Kendrew accepted thought about the prospects of remaining in Senior Department of Scientific and a government service, Industrial Research grant to continue his academic career at Cambridge and resigned from the Ministry with effect from 10 January 1946. The essential requirement of detailed and accurate data for the compilation of official OR reports chimed well with Kendrew's meticulous temperament and fostered, indexing and organisation of information (B.25, B.36, B.37, B.52). if it did not inspire, a continuing interest in the account An contributions can be found in Air Ministry Air Publication wartime Origins and Development of Operational Research in the Royal Air Force, research in the RAF operational of and of Kendrew’s 3368, The London HMSO, 1963. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 51 CAREER AND CORRESPONDENCE Career B.1 documents Miscellaneous appointment 1939, 1941, Wing Commander December 1943. as Junior Scientific Officer Air Ministry career: December of commissions as Squadron Leader September notification Kendrew’s wartime on Correspondence and Papers 1941-46 The documents had been numbered and are the contents of Kendrew’s "Personal" or "D/O" These (Demi- Official) files and consist of letters, carbon copies, memoranda and shorter communications sent or received by him, principally during his overseas service at HQ RAF Middle East and with South tagged East Asia Command. by him, a new file being opened when the total reached about one poor hundred condition, and have been replaced with the contents divided into it more manageable units while retaining their original order; should be noted that this numerical order does not correspond to and the letters administrative themselves. The files thus created were bulky and in chronological order of writing, reflecting the postal referred delays items. often the to in documents Kendrew’s colleagues, preparation cover all aspects of this extensive period:- news of friends serving elsewhere, The during and personal Kendrew by others, testing of equipment, data collection etc. leit-motif Some interest, range of the correspondence. career postings and promotions of self reports, with A personnel. special full indication is given in the entries of material of is delays and inadequacy of supplies and has been no attempt to calendar the and circulation visits to or service there but OR of 15 December 1941 - 19 May 1943 15 December 1941 - 11 September 1942 (numbered 1-25). Setting up OR in Cairo; B.35); OR shortage of personnel in Cairo); Kendrew to R.A. Watson-Watt on OR matters. Kendrew's manual for pilots (R.17, see proposal (July) to transfer him to India to initiate an and includes several letters from (strongly resisted because of pressure of work Section NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 52 B.3 7 September 1942 - 17 March 1943 (numbered 26-50). OR in Ceylon; including P.M.S. Blackett on OR matters and on his own career. visits by J.D. Bernal and S. Zuckerman, and Zuckerman Kendrew’s reports; notes prepared for B.4 10-25 March 1943 (numbered 51-75). Comment on OR reports 24 and 29; correspondence with Zuckerman. B.5 25 March - 19 May 1943 (numbered 76-100). Includes letter from Kendrew 10 May detailing his Middle Eastern service and requesting return to UK. 2 May - 8 November 1943 B.6 May 23 unnumbered). - 8 November 1943 (items numbered 1-33 and one Return to UK September. gives account of current work in London and plans under discussion for Far East and South East Asia. Unnumbered letter of 8 November 26 January - 10 June 1944 13 January - 22 February (numbered 1-25). Arrival at ORS SEAC Delhi, organisation and staffing. B.8 21 February - 13 April (numbered 26-50). OR organisation in Australia, scientists in India. London, Washington, science and B.9 14 April - 4 May (numbered 51-75). B.10 28 May - 10 June (numbered 76-102). NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 53 6 June - 23 August 1944 B.11 6-25 June (numbered 1-25). B.12 17-30 June (numbered 26-50). N.B. Letters go up to 17 July. letter in South East Asia, of 17 July is a full analysis of Kendrew’s situation and theatre, subsequently. his own career for the remainder of the the future of OR in the the war Pacific and war B.13 20 July - 7 August (numbered 51-75). B.14 3-23 August (numbered 76-100). 22 August - 5 December 1944 B.15 22 August - 5 September (numbered 1-25). B.16 28 August - 16 September (numbered 26-50). to 21 October. N.B. Letters go up Reports and information on SEAC and Pacific theatre, move of ORS by to A.C. Menzies. by J.D. Bernal, proposed Ceylon, Kandy, visit visit B.17 22 September - 8 November (numbered 51-75). Work J.D. Bernal, A.C. Menzies. vision, night on acclimatisation, reports, visit by B.18 15 November - 5 December (numbered 76-100). Kendrew’s Visits by J.D. Bernal, A.C. Menzies, C.H. Waddington. letter of 17 November (no. 78) refers to the opportunity offered him to return to UK as Officer in charge of ORS Fighter Command, then by and been so reduced that the posting was not attractive to him. view that the commitments of the Command had his NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 54 23 November 1944 - 27 February 1945 B.19 B.20 23 November - 20 December 1944 (numbered 1-30). up to 5 January 1945. N.B. Letters go 2-16 January 1945 January. (numbered 31-60). N.B. Letters go up to 29 B.21 29 January - 27 February (numbered 61-90). Kendrew handed over OR Section to his successor, on to Australia, New Guinea, the Philippines, USA and Canada. February, 4 March leaving return 27 on to G.A. Roberts, UK via B.22 Arrangements for tour of Australia, USA, January-April 1945. South West Pacific Area and Mainly official signals, passes etc. B.23 Miscellaneous correspondence December 1944 - 4 March 1946. are the unnumbered contents of a "D/O" file and These include continuing correspondence on Kendrew’s Pacific and American tour before returning to UK, exchanges with staff members, continuing work on OR and on postwar career plans, testimonials for former serving officers. B.24 Shorter overseas service in SEAC, December 1943 - October 1945. correspondence allowances, pay, taxation on during NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 55 NOTES B.25 Miscellaneous manuscript notes. is an assemblage of tightly written notes on a series of This small format (17mm x 9mm) early "Filofax" lined and graph pages, alphabetical with by devised order Kendrew and laid out on the first two pages of the sequence. They are not in chronological or follow the coded "Arrangement of notes" dividers. but It contains, often in very "Operational" material is divided into two main areas on a wide variety of topics relating to air and The form, "Technical". information power, allied and hostile, in all theatres of war, radar and navigation equipment, bombing aids, analyses of performance in defence and anti-submarine official attack in documents or operational coverage policy but there are sections under "TRE" being and "RDF Hist." which incorporate material going back to 1930. and detection devices, warfare, It published research and visits to air stations, of activity committee derives variously from a Most entries are dated, July 1939 - May 1945, reports, Kendrew’s study own the main etc. or decisions. condensed circuits and A.119 for Kendrew’s notes on radar research February-June 1940, $.0. for Book of notes on radar and coastal air defence November 1940 - March A.26 See his 1941, A.116 for notes on OR. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 56 REPORTS Coastal Command of these bear the wartime classification "Secret" or "Most Several are by Kendrew, or by members of his OR units interest B.28 P.M.S. H.M. Barkla (private Most Secret". who feature in the correspondence files. in bearing notes by Kendrew about their history (see B.27, and Blackett (B.31) described as "classics" by communication November 1987). and there are copies of two papers Some are of B.60) also by The material is duplicated typescript, sometimes with manuscript additions or corrections. B.26 B.27 Bomber Command B.28 Kendrew on arrangements for ASV (Air by Reports Surface squadrons, Various dates January-September 1941. installation inspections Vessel) visits, and of Command and flights to test equipment. Detection Coastal use in Kendrew’s set), ORS/CC. June folder 1941 of Coastal Command reports - complete running classification March 1943, (not with a 128, 127, 125, 130 (by Kendrew), 131 (by Kendrew), 132, Nos. 133, 134 (undated report and diagrams by Kendrew on U-boat hunts 142, 143, unnumbered, 144, 145, carried out off Ireland), by 146, 186, 192 (with manuscript diagrams by Kendrew), Kendrew), 204, 212A, 218 (with manuscript note by Kendrew "Draft of unpublished ORS/CC Report No. 218"), 222. unnumbered, report and diagrams (undated 135, 181, 150, 210, 160 ORS (B.C.) Reports nos. note 1944 and an undated report. 14, by Kendrew "Officially destroyed") ; 40, 52, S.176 (with a manuscript 1942, reports dated Anti-Submarine Warfare B.29 Miscellaneous reports and manuals 1941-42, 1944. NCUAGS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 57 Combined Operations B.30 Miscellaneous papers 1942. OR Methodology B.31 P.M.S. Blackett October 1941, Two papers by "Scientists at the Operational Level" (ORS/CC 154), and "Note on certain aspects of the dated October 1942). Operational Research" (incorrectly methodology of Middle East Command B.32 B.33 B.34 Kendrew’s binder inscribed "ORS/ME Routine Reports on A/S [anti- submarine] manuscript index. and anti-shipping operations", with his run Reports numerical or chronological order, as follows: 8, 11, 14, 15, 20, 22, 29, 28, 37, 33, 35, 45. 1941 - July December 1943, mot necessarily in R4 (missing), 5, Kendrew's binder inscribed "ORS (ME) Bomber operations. [Radio support Finding], with his manuscript indexes for each topic. ground RDF" operations. Defensive Close- Direction papers The R [Report], chronological order. are V [Visit] variously classified as and are not necessarily in numerical M [Memorandum], or Bomber R.41, R.30, R.32, R.36, R.39, R.43. operations February-July 1943: M.27, R.34, M.28-32, Close-support R.40, R.48. December 1942 - August 1943: V.4, V.8, M.29, Defensive R.18, R.19, M.17, M.18, R.21, M.19, R.25, V.5, M.26, R.47. ground RDF February 1942 - August 1943: M.8, R.16, binder Kendrew’s J.C.K. his manuscript index. and Coastal Section". inscribed "ORS (ME) Miscellaneous by There are four sections each with papers continued NCUAGS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 58 Miscellaneous 1943: M.25, unnumbered, M.33, R.42. unnumbered, reports M.1, on sea operations January 1941 - August M.3, M.5, M.15, R.24, R.26 (missing), Miscellaneous on sea operations without official numbers, March 1942 - June 1943. reports short (by Kendrew), Papers on close-support and radio aids, M.6, correspondence and memoranda about R.7. unnumbered, R.7, M.7, M.9, January-September 1942: for See B.40 unnumbered. Miscellaneous March-November 1942. papers (by Kendrew), without official numbers, Paper listed for 12 September is missing. operational "The aircrews and controllers." employment of ASV Mk.II: a handbook for was This Kendrew, separately. Kendrew's issued, RAAF Headquarters Melbourne n.d. "Bible". very was revised edition of 1 August 1943 and version issued originally ORS (ME) Report no.17 of 1 July which favourably received and It is referred to in the correspondence, R.17 includes copy of Folder 1942, by issued often as first by as Miscellaneous 1943. reports part or all by Kendrew March, May, June by ORS reports Miscellaneous Kendrew's binders. (Glossary related summaries card indexes (some annotations by Kendrew and others). no.34 preparation and design of log Includes R.49, technical terms and abbreviations), and Instruction and reports), (Operational additional those in no.1l mainly intelligence sheets, Education Publication (ME) but to to of See B.60 for a historical report by ORS ME. Coastal Command Tactical Instructions (CCTI), RAF, ME but not produced by them. Not a complete set. circulated by HQ, Nos. 15, 18, 22-27, 29, 30, 32-37, 41. Coastal RAF, ME but not produced by them. Command Tactical Memoranda (CCTM), Not a complete set. circulated by HQ, Nos. 2, 13, 20-23, 25-29, 31-35, 41, 44-46, 49, 50, 54, 57-59. B.35 B.36 B.37 B.38 B.39 NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 59 B.39A Miscellaneous naval reports and memoranda. and memoranda 1942 about Kendrew’s report possible air co-operation with the army and (R.7 at B.34) suggesting wider use of "Some radio "Rebecca" Correspondence aspects aids RDF system. thereto" of B.40 B.41 Small Tobruk November 1942 (3) and tank hit in Western desert April 1943 (2). photographs of Italian submarine hit format off South-East Asia Command Progress January-December 1944. reports of ORS Air Command, by Kendrew, nos. 4-7, "Miscellaneous papers produced by self", 1944 miscellaneous notes, calculations, graphs. ("Pacific Report" n.d. and November 1943, October few - incomplete), a ORS Air Command Reports nos. 6-11, (no.6 by Kendrew and others). 13-21 February-December 1944 N.7, 9-12, January-December 1944 ORS Air Command Memoranda nos. (no. 12, on bomb and depth charge trials in Ceylon jungle, is by after Kendrew explosions). photographs includes site him and on of Air Command Memoranda nos. ORS unnumbered Research Unit February 1945 on bomb and napalm trials. two papers from Jungle report April 1944; 17 April, NB 16, June 1944; Targets of sources reports assembled by Kendrew on Folder American continuation of hostilities in Pacific theatre April 1944 flame-thrower 1945: fatigue in tropical conditions etc. correspondence files. and for - May fuel, Some are referred to in the requirements, Australian preparation weapons various topics radar from and in NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 60 Postwar Papers Reports, suggestions and plans by Kendrew on specific OR matters and on the organisation of government science. Operational research B.48 B.49 on of a bombing "Notes manual Kendrew’s correspondence August 1945. written comprehensive during with SEAC, project for the compilation of a data ...", 16 May 1945 visit to Washington on his way back from "Operational note ciation of Scientific Workers]. "written for the Joint Sciences Committee, research in RAF Commands", December 1945 a A.Sc.W" [Asso- with Organisation of Science B.50 B.51 B.52 B.53 "Notes on the national organization of science" August 1945. Ideas on government science, and on own career, in the form of a letter to C. Gordon (Air Ministry) August 1945. the "On Central here Included patrol report, of his war service. application of Register" is designed by Kendrew, (of an example of a punched scientific mechanical indexing manpower) systems September the 1945. aircraft probably at an early stage card for to post-war "The ministries, research generally" n.d. strength defence and its relation to post-war staffing of government of scientific staffs the in NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 61 HISTORY OF OPERATIONAL RESEARCH Correspondence, Papers, Drafts B.54 B.55 B.56 Correspondence including work in Coastal Command and Middle East. with recollections and comments on his 1948 Kendrew's historian official of early ASV, OR own "Wise part short-hand which Kendrew taught himself during the war, n.d. notes for a talk or article, remarks on OR", in Kendrew's radar, 1948. review (for Endeavour) of A.P. Rowe's One story of B.57 "Operational Research". for Part-typed, requested Federation of Scientific Workers, was correspondence 1948-49. part manuscript draft for extensive (14 pp) article World it Includes unlikely to obtain security but not submitted because Science and Mankind, the journal of clearance. thought the B.58 Proposed research project on OR 1974. B.59 B.60 Brief anniversary of OR in RAF correspondence 1986 on commemorative lunch for 50th "The air-sea war in the Mediterranean January 1942 - May an Kendrew "Unpublished draft". date or number, ORS ME report, no author, with a note 1943", by NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 62 SECTION CG RESEARCH C.1-C.308 INTRODUCTION EARLY RESEARCH c.1 Reaction kinetics INFORMATION RETRIEVAL/DATA PROCESSING C.2-C.5 c.6-¢C.15 Information retrieval Computation on EDSAC I PROTEIN ANALYSIS PROJECTS c.16 c.17 c.18 c.19 c.20 c.21 C.22 C.23 C.24 Adult and foetal sheep haemoglobin 1946-58 Muscle 1947-54 Protein solubility c.1949 Procollagen 1951-52 Controlled shrinkage of protein crystals 1952 Polypeptide configuration 1953 X-ray experiments 1953 Not used. Material transferred to C.1 Chymotrypsinogen c.1956 c.25, C.26 Correspondence "New proteins" 1947-69 EARLY RESEARCH REPORTS C.27 Reports 1946-53 NCUACS 11/4/89 io, Kendrew 63 MYOGLOBIN NOTEBOOKS (Kendrew and collaborators) C.28-C.40 Preliminary work C.41-¢C.100 Main myoglobin programme C.101-C.116 Collaborators’ notebooks €.117-¢.125 Atomic co-ordinates/amino-acid sequencing C.126-¢.129 Miscellaneous NOTES AND DATA (Kendrew and collaborators) C.130-C.169 Preliminary work C.170-C.189 Main myoglobin programme c.190-C.195 Collaborators’ notes and data C.196-C.198 Miscellaneous MATERIALS AND APPARATUS C.199-C.202 Supplies and specimens c.203 C.204 Optical diffractometer Microcamera C.205-C.207 Densitometer c.208, C.209 Computer time COLLABORATORS AND STAFF C.210-C.238 Individual files C.239-C.247 Chronological files NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 64 CORRES PONDENCE C.248-C. 272 Aspects of myoglobin C.273-C. 277 Atomic co-ordinates/amino-acid sequencing C.278-C. 291 Publications MODELS A .292 Skeletal model A a .293-C. 297 Ball-and-spoke model a .298 Science Museum London a .299-C. 307 Correspondence MISCELLANEOUS C.308 Pantographs NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 65 INTRODUCTION The keystone of Kendrew’s research is the three-dimensional analysis of the structure of myoglobin for which he shared with M.F. Perutz the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1962. His Nobel Lecture, and the adapted version published in Science, 139, 1963, give a clear account of the stages of the research, the particular problems encountered and the techniques evolved to deal with them. The lecture also makes plain that Kendrew's overriding interest in the structure of protein ("I had no doubt that this problem above all others deserved the attention of anyone concerned with fundamental aspects of biology" art.cit., p.1259) dates from the later part of the Second World War (see L.149 for a lecture given by Kendrew at Clifton in which he recalls his talks on the subject with J.D. Bernal during the war, probably on one of Bernal’s visits to South-East Asia Command mentioned in Section B). Thus the early prewar research on reaction kinetics (C.1) had no sequel and the remainder of the material is all related to some aspect of protein analysis. From the first, and long before the choice of a suitable material had been achieved, Kendrew realised how important a factor would be the rapid handling of very large amounts of data and information. It is interesting to see the fascination with note-keeping, filing and organisation present in the schoolboy (Section A) and fostered by operational research in war (Section B) finding a kind of bureaucratic apotheosis in the sustained effort of accuracy required for the long haul to the final successful three-dimensional picture - a task which Kendrew himself said he would not wish to undertake a second time. Be that as it may, Kendrew was certainly ahead of many of his colleagues in seeing the necessity to harness the full range of automatic information handling techniques. This perception shows itself in two lines of enquiry. One, immediately after his return to Cambridge in 1946, is the organisation of his, and later his team’s, rapid access to all the relevant literature via a system (then relatively new) of punched cards; these cards, and the punch, both of which he designed himself, remained in use for many years (C.2-C.5). The other is the investigation of computation and data processing, dating from 1949 and aimed in the first instance at the resources of the EDSAC I machine at the Cambridge University Mathematical Laboratory (C.6-C.15). As the research NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 66 developed, more sophisticated machines became available and were put to use in Cambridge and elsewhere, so that the work was always going forward at the limit of technical practicability. The material presented under the heading "Protein Analysis Projects" at C.16-C.24 generally antedates the main myoglobin programme; it may include projects that were not taken further by Kendrew and his team, or the application of X-ray diffraction techniques to other research topics. of considerable interest is the correspondence at C.25, C.26 which shows Kendrew’s search, over a long period of time, for suitable protein material and his work with new materials referred to him by others. This provides in many ways a bridge between the preliminary work and the launch of the main programme. The Nobel Lecture already mentioned is of course a retrospective discussion of a completed project, when lines of strategy may be more easily discerned from the final eminence of success. It is of special interest therefore to have the brief annual reports which Kendrew sent to the Master of Peterhouse during his tenure of a Research Fellowship; these are at C.27 and chronicle the slow steps towards the goal as they were actually being taken. They confirm two of the principal problems: the choice of a suitable protein for analysis in adequately sized crystals, and the devising of high-speed computational techniques to process the data. The reports, which run from 1947 to 1953, conclude in very positive terms both on a personal level with the granting to Kendrew of "unlimited tenure" by the Medical Research Council, and on the professional level with the sense that technical difficulties had been overcome, experimental material identified and the way cleared for the main diffraction programme. (The identification of sperm whale as the most promising source of myoglobin crystals occurred in December 1952 and is referred to in appropriately enthusiastic terms in Kendrew’s correspondence of that date; see especially C.17, C.25, €.199). Optimistic as this may have later appeared, it was sufficiently case for it to be taken here to mark the end of the preliminary work and the the opening of the assault on the myoglobin molecule which is very fully documented, presented in the order shown in the list of contents, and including notebooks, data, observations, diagrams and charts, calculations, draft printouts and routines, Kendrew and the team of short- and long-term collaborators at Cambridge and the the The main lines of the work are clear from in London. correspondence and Royal Institution corrections, "think-pieces" by NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 67 Nobel Lecture and other publications: the narrowing of choice of material to Type A sperm whale myoglobin; the progressively more complex analysis at 6-A (approximately 1955-57, using EDSAC I), 2-A (1959, using EDSAC II and Mercury), and 1 AA (begun 1960 using IBM 7090), and the use of X-ray evidence in correlation with chemical data for amino-acid sequencing. In addition to the published papers which marked the progress of the research (particularly the collaborative communications in Nature, 181, 1958, 185, 1960, 190, 1961 and, for the earlier work, the extended follow-up papers in Proc. Roy. Soc.), several of the notebooks include project diaries, charts of progress, allocations of responsibility and the like, written “from the bench" or in correspondence. Examples of such can be found at C.59, C.63, C.77, ©C.117, C.126, €.127, C.169 and also in some of the informal talks at L.145. It may be appropriate here to point out that for all the stress laid on mechanical computation, and indeed the presence of EDSAC and other printouts, the notebooks are remarkable for the sheer quantity of calculations and tabulations, phase diagrams, electron density maps and the rest laboriously worked by hand, by Kendrew as well as his collaborators, not to mention the careful logging and summaries of experimental programmes which were always his personal charge. The excitement of the final complete syntheses at 6-A and 2-8 and their publication is well captured in the correspondence at C.288, C.289. W.L. Bragg contributes characteristically warm-hearted letters and Kendrew’s own letter of thanks and congratulation to his collaborators (C.288) is enthusiastic as well as informative. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 68 EARLY RESEARCH Reaction kinetics relating Material 1939 collaborative in Proc. Roy. Soc. 176, 1940. January 1940; - the results were paper "The kinetics of mutarotation in to research with E.A. Moelwyn-Hughes, published July a solution" as certain enzyme reactions of enzymic hydrolysis of non-reducing Material includes brief statement of research, "the experimental first investigation disaccharides the instance the technique employed will be the polymetric one, using the very sensitive instrument equipped in this Department [Physical charts and Chemistry, Cambridge] graphs of mutarotation and heat reactions of arabinose, lactose, maltose, mannose, xylose. by the late Professor Lowry", the ... in paper on "The mechanism of unimolecular included here are two manuscript and typescript drafts for Also by a Kendrew and M.H.J. Webb (a research student of Kendrew), one set the other April 1954, with brief calculations dated April 1953, No in the hand of J.M. Bennett and a letter from I.F. Trotter. (Material paper and originally transferred here on Kendrew's advice.) of this title is listed in the Bibliography. reactions" Projects" Analysis "Protein found with gas See also A.118. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 69 INFORMATION RETRIEVAL/DATA PROCESSING Information Retrieval C.2 c.3 Correspondence methods, 1969. classification with special reference to punched cards 1946-49, 1951, colleagues on sorting with and Laboratory) searching device and on his own electronic Includes letter December 1946 to E. Orowan (then working at Cavendish research electronic project, systems USA. the on computer and correspondence 1947-51 on abstracting and indexing in American Chemical Society and elsewhere J. von Neumann at UNESCO, from on 1946-52 Correspondence card systems on supply of cards to Kendrew's design (his letter of 17 April 1950 also mentions J.M. Mitchison as involved in design). A little correspondence with colleagues interested in the system is also included. manufacturers punched with of Correspondence 1949-50 with manufacturers on supply of punch for cards included) ; also included is letter 1973 from a colleague still using one of the punches. design (drawings and Kendrew’s diagrams to Miscellaneous "Classification applications, topics to be referenced etc. manuscript schemes", notes and "Punching diagrams by Kendrew, schemes", punched on card Specimens of punched cards for various purposes, or designed by Kendrew. some annotated NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 70 Computation on EDSAC I of the EDSAC and using 2- and Storage methods concerns material Automatic Delay of The (Electronic computation syntheses. Bennett later worked at Ferranti; Acta crystallogr., the Inaugural Conference of the Manchester University 1951. machine the for Patterson J.W. who they published papers on the topic in and in the official publication of Computer, whom he met at Cambridge through H.E. Huxley Kendrew's early collaborator on this work was 3-dimensional Computer) Fourier 1952 and 5, C.196 See replacement by EDSAC II, and also C.80, C.208, C.209. end of the work for the EDSAC on I before its Notes and calculations "Miscellaneous programming ideas", n.d. c.1949 contribution to Barcroft volume published 1949. some on verso of "Two-dimensional sheets, some on verso of 1948, 1949 publications. low symmetry", n.d., some on EDSAC programme "EDSAC 2-dimensional Patterson programme", some dated 1950, 1952 and later "modification" by D.W. Green 1955. "EDSAC 3-D programme", notes. EDSAC sheets dated 1953, 1954, undated c.10 2-dimensional "EDSAG calculations, and another, some sheets dated 1954, 1956, 1957. programmes and narratives by Kendrew, Patterson Fourier programmes". Notes, D.M. Blow Miscellaneous notes, graphs, narratives on Patterson peaks, some by dated 1952 and referring to work on Pauling helix calculated F.H.C. Crick. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 71 Work with J.W. Bennett c.12 c.13 c.14 c.15 Notes Bennett on "EDSAC Crystallographic Computations". and calculations (some by H.E. Huxley), short report by "Fourier methods", note by another on "probable error in synthesis calculations, notes, " letter from Bennett, drafts etc. for arrangements, and publications. Group, "Some on Includes Institute of Physics Correspondence, papers Analysis paper on Symposium Stockholm July "Crystallographic electronic they University and calculations are included. conferences, X-ray November 1950 (Kendrew and Bennett presented a crystallographic EDSAC"), Determination paper digital whether Manchester notes was accepted but it is not clear Digital Computer July 1951. Some additional Techniques in calculations computations with a Conference of high-speed 1951 (Kendrew and attended), Inaugural computer" Advanced with Structure Bennett's the See L.145 for texts of papers. Related material Analogue Research Structure Analysis, Pennsylvania 1949-50. proposal X-ray for Computer for Crystal "The Anisograph", correspondence and information 1950. EDSAC order codes. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 72 PROTEIN ANALYSIS PROJECTS are presented These titles or descriptions. which feature in the notebooks at C.30-C.34. in chronological Kendrew’s Many refer to materials or experiments order, with Adult and foetal sheep haemoglobin c.16 Muscle c.17 1946-58 Correspondence publications, August 1947 from paper Perutz later published in Proc. Roy. Soc., 194, 1948). supplies, some addressed to M.F. Perutz including letter 18 draft and D.C. Hodgkin commenting critically on a haemoglobin (the joint paper by research results, Kendrew foetal on on Much 1947, results 1950-54 colleagues etc. work with methods, Correspondence materials, to collaborative to 1952 and to Huxley’s work as their joint paper in Nature, Commonwealth also C.220). successful Kendrew’'s crystallisation of "the most marvellous myoglobin crystals, from sperm whale of all odd places" (see also C.25). relates H.E. Huxley and includes reference of 23 December 1952 announces the material 1952-54 Fellow letter at MIT 170, Fund with of the on (see See C.20 for other collaborative work with Huxley. Protein solubility c.18 Graphs and diagrams, n.d., c.1949. Procollagen c.19 Brief correspondence 1951-52. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 73 Controlled shrinkage of protein crystals c.20 1952, Mainly Includes Huxley. Society Symposium, haemoglobin crystals", "Discontinuous final Acta crystallogr., is also included. agreed lattice relating to collaborative papers by Kendrew manuscript draft of paper given to 7 February, and Chemical on "Stepwise lattice changes in Huxley’s heavily-corrected manuscript on and in A later letter (1965) on the work in haemoglobin crystals" changes 6, 1953. title draft for version published under that See also C.17. Polypeptide chain configuration c.21 Brief correspondence 1953, 1973. X-ray experiments C.22 Correspondence pictures of bacterial spores. 1953 on request for Kendrew to take X-ray C.23 Not used. Material transferred to C.1. Chymotrypsinogen C.24 and Data collaborative Acta, 20, 1956. calculations, to paper with Kendrew published in Biochim. biophys. M.M. Bluhn, related mainly by Correspondence "New proteins" is correspondence 1947-69 with colleagues and Kendrew’s own description on the folder is "New proteins". material proteins particularly for search diffraction attention. The various some, the X-ray some sent by others for his interest or on analysis, for initiated by Kendrew the suitability in the early years, suitable programme, crystalline materials X-ray their for in NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 74 c.25 1947. writing enthusiastically 1952. 1952, recently myoglobins of various species. one of the most favourable protein crystals yet ... C.17). Includes a letter to H. Neurath from Kendrew 22 December "we whale One form - from sperm whale - is " (See also whale an absolute gold-mine in the myoglobin: shape of struck about C.26 1953-69. EARLY RESEARCH REPORTS C.27 Reports 1946-53. by Kendrew on his research, teaching and publications crystallographic out addressed from Cavendish and Molteno Laboratories January of protein carried studies report, annual perhaps intended for departmental on "Report during 1946", and 1947. to of of Master Peterhouse on Research refers to "formation of MRC's for the Study of the Fine Structure of Biological Systems, independent Dr horse Report Fellowship July 1947 - June 1948; Unit with part-time myoglobin etc. M.F. Perutz as Director and myself as haemoglobin, August 1948. research member", foetal first year an on Molteno Institute report June 1947 - June 1948. EDSAC), 1950-51, 1951-52 (papers with Reports to Master of Peterhouse 1948-49, 1949-50 (refers to work H.E. on crystals), Huxley, Fellowship, 1952-53 granting of "unlimited tenure" by MRC, successful identification that of remains is to exploit it.") continuing difficulty in obtaining suitable Research (final “a very wide choice of experimental material, report on termination of J.M. Bennett, and all NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 75 MYOGLOBIN NOTEBOOKS (Kendrew and collaborators) Preliminary work C.28 Binder of "Filofax" pages inscribed "Peterhouse Cambridge" (same format as A.27) with index of topics as follows: Mathematics Physics Photography Chemistry Biochemistry Crystallography Physical methods of investigation EDSAC Protein structure Structure of other biological macromolecules Haemoglobin Myoglobin Current research runs Material literature, (Huxley, Crick, Perutz) etc. notes and information from colleagues’ c.1946-53 and includes own notes, notes on the research C.29 "“Filofax" binder, but material is mainly 1940s. books and articles read (extensive notes on Similar house at Linton, on Nature of life), meeting" 1946 etc. and a little later (1970) material. lectures and conference inscribed with address of papers, Kendrew's Includes notes Szent-Gy6rgyi's "Haemoglobin NCUAGS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 76 Cc. 30 main Loose-leaf notebook of small quarto pages (same format as The indexed series of earlier university notes at A.40-A.117). material, 1946-53; there is an index listing the "Research notes - project numbers" which The projects are: each with a numbered thumb index covers various dates run 10-25, extensive, which card. is 10 Adult sheep methaemoglobin Experiments, 1947. data, crystallisation November 1946 - "Summer" 11 Foetal sheep methaemoglobin Experiments, 1947. crystallisation, dialysis November 1946 - July 12 Horse myoglobin Removed for extended treatment in separate notebooks. C.32. See C.31, 13. Foetal human methaemoglobin Crystallisation January-July 1948. of various samples November-December 1946, 14 Horse methaemoglobin - shrinkage Refractive December 1946. index measurements, crystal preparation November- £5 Whale myoglobin Removed for extended treatment in separate notebooks. C.34. See C.33, 16 Miscellaneous X-ray experiments January 1947, January 1948, August 1949. 17 Ox myoglobin Experiments January-July 1947, February-March 1951. 18 Microcamera Attempts calculations of absorption coefficients, April-June 1947. photographs, fibre camera take to adjustments, NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 77 19 Theoretical calculations - chain configurations July 1949 - February 1950. 20 Miscellaneous biochemical work Tests on rat haemoglobin July 1949, gelatin November 1951. 21 Chymotrypsinogen Removed and kept with work on whale myoglobin. See C.34. 22 Lamprey haemoglobin Experiments November-December 1951. 23. Muscle are These Calculations and diagram June-July 1952, with a "Note : November now 1952. The reference published and is the best source of information." the is 1952. Lotmar-Picken material from dried muscle", See C.17. the joint paper with H.E. Huxley "Extractability of However the paper very bad notes. Nature, 170, to is 24 Sea-lion myoglobin Brief notes only, March 1953. 25 Penguin myoglobin Brief notes only, March 1953. Note the "project numbers" as listed above is a series Preceding "Notes from January 1946 - August 1946" numbers, presumably because they antedate the system. with work on adult and foetal sheep methaemoglobin (nos. the main list) and are given a separate index of 11 references. "Identity methaemoglobin - the crucial experiment!". of project They deal 10 and cross- Among the experiments is one dated July 1946 on the foetal orthorhombic which have monoclinic forms and no of of of NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 78 c.31 Horse myoglobin This is no. 12 of the projects listed in C.30, into a major research topic. to C.32. developed It has its own index running 12-1 of which 12-29 to 12-34 appear separately at 12-34, 12-40, which is on work sources, The crystallisation, Fourier projections, phase calculations etc. mainly October 1946 - March 1949, re-examined November 1952. received examinations, specimens X-ray Patterson various from and C.32 Horse myoglobin Continuation of C.31, index numbers 12-29 to 12-34. Preparation using collaborators (including J.D. Watson). crystallisation February 1950 methods apparatus, various and and and - January with 1952 various c.33 Whale myoglobin further narrowing down of various types of This is no. 15 of the projects listed in C.30. became eventually the material of choice for the main after whale, notes) running only, notebook (C.34). Whale myoglobin programme (blue and index Work in this book covers 15-1 to 15-29 separate continuation having been transferred to elsewhere in the notebooks The notebook has the sperm whale. finback to 15-1 to 15-59. analysed whale etc. own the its a Experiments on specimens prepared by J. Keilin (then working Molteno pictures etc., later note 1953, 1954. in diffraction December 1946 - October 1952, with an occasional crystallisation, Cambridge), Institute At rear of book are notes on preparations and methods. C.34 work subdivisions). on the sperm whale material (the eventual choice) Continuation of C.33 with index running 15-30 to 15-55 (and some There is a separate list of references further and to other the porpoise, seal, dolphin, penguin, tortoise, carp, than whale: and some mixed crystals. book also includes tests on many types of myoglobin work is mainly the "1952 Programme" for "Crystallisation of beginning with M.M. Bluhm and R.G. Parrish, myoglobin", Entries continue to August 1954. The whale October 1952. At 1951, list in C.30). rear of book is work on chymotrypsinogen September-October 1953 (project no. 21 in September-October numbered the NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 79 Note is The and the pages. following notebooks C.35 main series are all large last of the early notebooks to use quarto C.34 the format leaf preliminary Most have labelled divider cards to separate sequences binders. and many have an outline index at the front or for of material, There is a system of pagination with a code each sub-division. of letters and/or numbers but no explanatory codebook appears to survive. et seq. quarto loose small in the dates suitable material problems of years, when initial from 1953 i.e. crystals were largely solved and heavy atoms and the final selection of "Type A" sperm of The obtaining main concern was with the determination of ligands for the attachment of whale Within each notebook the material may extend over a myoglobin. period including notes and calculations, charts, graphs, printouts, densitometer diagrams, electron density contour maps, narratives or summaries work of great hand, majority by there members by colleagues elsewhere. Attention is drawn to these and to other matters of special interest wherever possible. While work continues to be in Kendrew’s letters and memoranda or Cambridge and Royal Institution in progress, of and is also diverse in correspondence. are also notes, calculations, character, the own teams and the the of c.35 Pleochroism of monoclinic and sperm whale crystals. at and 1-11, front, topics notes, listing Extensive calculations, numbered Index accordingly. and diagrams, ideas and critiques in pencil and ink with corrections Topic 11 in the and comments in red ink, March 1953 - May 1957. index material results and collaborative research incorporates correspondence, a with on "Electron spin resonance in myoglobin and haemoglobin", Nature, 178, 1956. D.J.E. Ingram with whom Kendrew resonance results" "Paramagnetic See also 0.16. published graphs pages note and the is C.36 Work and of horse, subdivided into: on myoglobin and haemoglobin of sperm and finback whale, "Intensity distribution", notes also 0.7), V. Luzzati. 1954-56, correspondence J. Donohue, charts, observations, calculations, (see F.H.C. Crick "Rotary dispersion", charts, correspondence P. Doty 1957. "Finback 3-D", Pattersons, notes, progress sheets 1954. "Fourier theory", Cochran, Michaelmas term 1957. Kendrew’s notes on a course of lectures by J. "Magnetic course of lectures by J. Griffith, Lent term 1958. properties of haem proteins", Kendrew’s notes on a NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 80 c.37 of analyses, diagrams, photographs Included in the section on "Type D" Data, types of myoglobin, identified as Type A through to Type L, some pages with dates 1953-56. (blue whale) is a manuscript draft perhaps for an outline programme of whale work myoglobins. looking correlating for these. blue whales", 3 August 1953. titled "Rod directions in sperm monoclinic and blue An attempt to establish the directions by comparison between sperm monoclinic rods in Patterson projections, projected various Also and and a At rear of book, brief note on chymotrypsinogen. c.38 Miscellaneous work, subdivided into: - chemical work", including "Imidazole "Heavy atom programme" (undated notes), "Isocyanide programme" (Kendrew’s narrative and programme" notes by Dintzis and Bodo, (narrative and notes 1955), re-examined 1959). "Nitroso-compound "Dyes" (1955, 1954-55), progress on "Standard whale myoglobin. intensities", charts and calculations for finback "Experimental", mainly on camera settings, correspondence, 1956. "X-ray various types of myoglobin and ligands. pictures", detailed charts and observations 1954-57 on "Preparations", and sperm whale, 1955. notes on preparation of king penguin, finback c.39 C final which choice heavy-atom". of sperm whale. Work on seal myoglobin, to in his 1963 Science article as a close "Type refers the calculations, most etc., correspondence from from many Biophysics work, February-November 1956, May-July 1958. Kendrew to notes, data, EDSAC sheets, electron density contour maps and/or R. Hart and R.E. Dickerson at Cambridge and for Molecular periods of H. Scouloudi years at the Royal Institution and later at the There are two main who continued to work on seal myoglobin See also J.121. contributions Laboratory including runner-up Material includes Kendrew Oxford. but by c.40 Work on type D; various exposures, X-ray precession camera photographs. in Kendrew’s hand. Only one page dated (January 1957). heavy atom attachment, densitometer diagrams at Not all NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 81 Main myoglobin programme begin on 5 May 1954 with the attachment of heavy atoms This is a sequence of stiff-backed looseleaf binders, all with a number and (from C.63 onwards) a descriptive title on the spine. They to and continue to November 1963, covering the X- type A crystals, Kendrew ray analysis programme at 6-R, numbered XXXIX these and are contains presented they include a much higher proportion of collaborators’ work. first 39 books in Roman numerals from I to of order is preserved (C.41-C.79); 1.5-8 and 1.4-8. chronological order as far Subsequent possible; the last October dated books’ 1959. work 2-8, this the in as With very few exceptions, labelled sub-dividers, pagination with code letters and figures. proportion and, when usually been checked through by him. the books are meticulously kept, with usually an index or list of contents and substantial own hand they have of the work (up to C.79) is in Kendrew’s collaborators’ work or data are included, A very research record assembled by Kendrew. notebooks are here presented as a separate sequence archival convenience and partly because they represent mainly The the for on final the same topics, antedating or concurrent with these but kept in collaborators’ a notebooks (C.101-C.116) and the notes and data (C.170-C.195) and should be consulted as supplementary documentation. are preserved Other records different format, among the the in each book, catalogue entries attempt to give dates the Although these can be no more than an approximation. work In fact few dates are used except in Kendrew’s narrative logs of printouts, experiments, the main identification lies in the code and in correspondence; which letters were constitute going forward simultaneously. the chronology of the multiple projects some of the contour maps and EDSAC numerals used as pagination; these which it is and for on A heavy Type calculations, work by Bodo. atom (Book I). Narratives, scaling, May 1954 - September 1957. contour maps, printouts. observations, Includes some A heavy atom (Book ITI). standard Measurements, calculations, scaling and rescaling, Narrative at front of book runs July 1955 Work on met-myoglobin Type intensities. radial distribution. - June 1956. A heavy Type Includes some work by Dintzis and others. factors, contour maps, printouts. (Book III). atom Index of topics front. Measurements, scaling at July 1955 - April 1957. C.41 C.42 C.43 NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 82 C.44 c.51 atom heavy (Book IV). A Type Includes calculations, temperature and scaling factors, June 1957. some work by Dintzis, maps, contour Index of topics Bodo and others. radial printouts. distribution at front. Narratives, charts, - September 1955 Type A heavy atom (Book V). by Dintzis and some scaling, tables 1958. of signs, work Index of topics at front. others. Narratives, contour maps. October 1955 Includes calculations, - May A Type Includes scaling, graphs, printouts. heavy some structure factors, atom work (Book VI). by Dintzis sign determination, June 1956 - Decmber 1957. Index and others. of topics at front. Calculations, contour maps, Type A heavy atom (Book VII). ¢ projection with ligands at work. graphs, contour map. Summaries, Index of topics at front: a and collaborators’ charts of observations, scaling, Pattersons, Includes 2.7 R. Few pages dated, July 1956 - June 1957. Type A (Book VIII). collaborators’ radiation effects, graphs. work. Few pages dated, May-September 1956. Three-dimensional data 6-A. Summaries, data, difference Fouriers, Includes some corrections, scaling, contour maps, Lorenz A Type summaries calculations, and data from 1957. (Book IX). at front. Three-dimensional data Includes collaborators’ and Charts, contour maps, correspondence Few pages dated, June 1956 - May Fouriers, Index work. 6-8. scaling, D.C. Phillips. - b methods co-ordinate h/a Relative Includes derivatives (Book X). Divider card 23.6 "Theory" includes notes collaborators’ work. by H. Wyckoff (a principal collaborator in this work) and F.H.C. charts, Crick. June- phase circles, November 1956. Index and summaries at front. Few pages dated, contour maps. Calculations, involving printouts, structure factors, graphs, single Type A heavy atom (Book XI). summary and Calculations, 1957. results, front. at graphs. Calculations of D, D_, Da: Includes Index work. Few pages dated, February-June collaborators NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew A derivatives. heavy atom (Book XII). Index Type diammine Includes work by structure factors, dated, May 1956 - May 1958. printouts, Wyckoff and others. Work on H and summary succinate both for Calculations, contour maps, graphs. 83 H and topics® Fouriers, Few pages C.52 c.53 C.54 c.55 C.56 c.57 c.58 A heavy atom (Book XIII). H. Wyckoff, Type summary at front. by history of the computations. Pattersons, distribution, printouts, contour maps. also who Work on H_I,. Includes collaborators’ work, contributed a note on Intensity data, repeat computations, scaling, One printout dated November 1956. Index and in particular previous the radial graphs, Type A heavy atom (Book XIV). (main collaborator summary, contour maps, Fouriers, index contour maps, summary dated January 1957. and structure factors, J. Kraut) 1956; Work on porpoise and sperm whale index and 4istribution, PCMA: distribution, graphs January-December 1956; printouts, PCMS and H_ scaling, summary, scaling radi@l radial am,: and A heavy atom (Book XV). Type each topic. intensities, b projections, scaling, contour maps. May 1957. Index for a and c projections, calculations, Pattersons, printouts, contour maps, Few pages dated January- Includes collaborators’ work. Work on PCMS and Au. heavy atom (Book XVI). A Type projections. work. maps, Pattersons, graphs. Index scaling, Data, Work on Au/PCMS for each topic. Includes structure factors, printouts, Few pages dated, March-May 1957. a and c b, collaborators’ contour A heavy atom (Book XVII). Type and projections. work. one page dated May 1957. Index for each topic. Work with various heavy atoms Includes collaborators’ Only Data, calculations, Fouriers, contour maps, graphs. A heavy atom (Book XVIII). Index for each topic. contour scaling, 3D. Type in Intensities, specific crystals. Only one page dated May 1957. Work with various heavy atoms work. Includes collaborators’ for data of 3D tables maps, NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 84 c.59 c.60 c.61 Type A heavy atom (Book XIX). Includes including Index for each topic as follows: collaborators’ or summaries Work on 6-& 3D Fourier synthesis. himself results. but much is by work reflections on Kendrew methods and on out his part letter various related Kendrew factors, structure to Bragg of 21 "Relative y". Notes, diagrams, graphs, calculations, reflections to by included. suggestions by W.L. Bragg with whom correspondence is "Phase In very determination pleased with the way this has gone, and think there will be very While I am away phase few major ambiguities of phase indeed ... reflexions, diagrams out to 2.8-8 will be drawn for hkO and Okl the extend to just present isomorphous phase April-July methods." diagrams referred to.) whether it is practical politics to 6-8 is virtually complete ... C.61A for the replacement (See C.61, technique Kendrew writes: 1957. with July I am our to 3- to see "Structure factors". various heavy atoms. Notes, calculations, tables and charts for Only one page dated March 1957. "F values". for checking. Data, calculations, phase angles, Kendrew’s queries "Scaling". from investigations" April 1957. W.L. Bragg February 1957, Calculations, radial distribution, summary by Kendrew of correspondence "Scaling N.B. Work continues in next book. A heavy atom (Book XX). of Book XIX, Type (continuation follows: Work on 6-& 3D Fourier synthesis as Index for each topic ©C.59). "Zz Fourier projection". printouts. Some pages dated, March 1956 - June 1957. Notes, calculations, phase circles, revisions "3D Fourier synthesis of myoglobin - 6-R". and collaborators’ work. a Fourier routine" by C.L Coulter, October 1961. Tables, calculations Includes Various dates July 1957 - October 1958 and computer] on "Testing of myoglobin printouts. Kendrew) , later (many note 7090 [IBM by "Fourier synthesis including heavy atoms". charts, January 1958. Kendrew’s notes on heavy atom peaks November Extensive tables and - 1957 Book coded, n.d. (1957, see C.59). XXI. Phase circle determinations, heavy atoms colour- NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 85 C.61A C.62 Note Unnumbered Book XXII. by W. Hoppe, M.M. Bluhm, n.d., (1957 see c.59). laboriously drawn by hand, introduced. Work All these were before computerised methods had been a and c projection phase circles. Book XXIII. front. printouts, contour maps, refinement programme. Co-ordinates of heavy atoms. collaborators’ work. Includes Tables, Index and summary at calculations, May-August 1958. The remainder of the sequence bears a title as well as a on the spine, and these are used in the entries. number data processing" (Book XXIV). Data sheets and printouts, "9-R Includes work by Dickerson and others, calculations and graphs. and, at front of book, charts on "State of project" March, April 1959. cover. "2-8 hol refinement" (Book XXV), with Dickerson'’s name on inside including the work is front notes, descriptions summaries Various dates November 1958, March-July calculations, 1959. work, graphs. programs, hand, Much his in of of of radiation" (Book XXVI). Gold. "2-8 Dickerson. (dated April 1958). dated subject from Kendrew to D.C. Phillips June 1960. by diff F. Graphs, calculations, data, contour maps, printout "radiation damage" is the The last section on January 1959 and includes a letter on January 1958, mainly Work "Comparison Statement various heavy atoms. of program" program, June-July 1959. (Book graphs, XXVII). Work calculations, by Dickerson. for printouts "Scaling - met" (Book Dickerson and others, checked by Kendrew. by XXVIII). comparison of 6=R and 2-8 data, most work calculations, Printouts, May-June 1959. "Scaling graphs, by Dickers8n 4nd others. H am," (Book PCMS June 1959. XXIX). Printouts, calculations, NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 86 c.69 "Scaling Au Double" (Book XXX). by Dickerson and others, a graph by Kendrew. May-June 1959. Printouts, calculations, graphs with extensive checks and comments and "Scaling n.d. - corrections" (Book XXXI). Calculations and graph, "Correlation program), maps, by Dickerson and others n.d. calculations, results" (Book XXXII). (M. Rossmann’s extensive electron density and contour Printouts "Correlation diagrams, dated, July 1959. in results" (Book XXXIII). Extensive several hands including Dickerson's. calculations, pages Few "2-R - Least squares" (Book XXXIV). program), diagrams, scaling tests, charts, graphs. by Dickerson and calculations Printouts, others, (M. Rossmann’s densitometer March-August 1959. "Phase refinement" (Book XXXV). Dickerson, graphs, July 1959. mainly by Printouts, data, calculations, Strandberg. program routine by Phase Refinements 3/8/59" (Book XXXVI). for calculations, mainly by Dickerson, Programming "2-8 random sampling, some checking by Kendrew. printouts, August 1959. Myoglobin Phases 5 Int. See C.75). error Mainly printouts with a very few notes. Run (1) 1959" (Numbered in "2-8 Book XXXVI. August 1959. F Fourier "2-8 Rossmann’s At finer names of those involved, August 1959. resolution. program) Freep” (Book XXXVII). wreh annotations, front of book are charts work being done at on attempt Mainly printouts (M. achieve progress, Royal Institution, of to Fourier "2-R n.d. (August 195995 F . sharp" (Book XXXVIII). Similar material, NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 87 Cc. 79 Note c.80 c.81 C.82 Cc. 83 C. 84 "6 and 5.5-8 Fourier (2-8 data)" (Book XXXIX). (M. Rossmann's program) with some annotations. Mainly printouts October 1959. is Kendrew’s the last book in This remaining looseleaf are presented in chronological order as far as_ contain work numbered with each other. The books C.80-C.100, in the same format of stiff-backed binders and bearing a descriptive title on the spine, Some Kendrew's and may overlap chronologically with it and similar or closely related to that possible. sequence, sequence. numbered in for and scaling checking non current". Programs, tests, notes and calculations, "EDSAC: Lorenz printouts corrections to be run on EDSAC II. Almost all the routines were written by R. Hart who was a principal collaborator in this work Calculations and until of notes by Dickerson and others, book lectures September- "Programming for EDSAC II" by H.P.F. Swinnerton-Dyer October 1957. January-July 1958. course he left the laboratory in August 1958. by Kendrew on At rear factors notes 42pp. and are of a programme , Roger Hart". "EDSAC program ment correction, others. notes Lorenz corrections, March 1958. by A.L. Hart, phase with by determination, some Programs and routines for refine- Lorenz- polarisation and Also included are calculating revisions by Dickerson of Some printouts dated February 1958. Patterson on alternative method "Scaling Program". almost checking, others. March-May 1959. Instructions, routines, all by Dickerson, some by printouts, tests, and Strandberg "Correlation function Dickerson and Strandberg. July 1959. Input program". Routines and tests, by "7-10 August 1959". using printouts, corrections and checking. little by Strandberg. M. Rossmann’s Work on phase refinement, Calculations, program. random sampling graphs, notes, Almost all by Dickerson, a a was particularly research This programme, when several important aspects were coming to a point was about to return to and Dickerson (a principal collaborator) America. See C.73-C.78 and also correspondence at C.234. critical period the of NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 88 c.85 C.86 c.87 c.88 c.89 c.90 c.91 C.92 "2-8 Myoglobin Phases 5 Int. printouts, comments by Kendrew. n.d. (August 1959). all checked, Run (2) 1959" (See C.76). Mainly Some graphs, notes, Some annotations by Dickerson and others, with a few notes. "M.T. Load Program. for EDSAC II, Dickerson, dated, June-September 1959. 2-R Phase Program 1959". test printouts and checks, graphs. a few later additions or revisions. Detailed routines Almost all by Few pages only 1959. Myoglobin "2-8 printouts, modified August-November 1960 to allow for phase output by Strandberg and others. 1959 by Dickerson and others, Routines, Routines devised and used August checks, notes, revisions. Program". Fourier Input Heavy atom adjustments". proced- routines for phase runs, printouts, checks, calculations, Routines by Dickerson August some by "Dickerson Aug. 60 ures, density 1960, with reference back to "2-8 Phase Program Aug 1959"; notes Rossmann. and calculations by programs Loading Fourier contour Watson, charts, maps. H.C. 3-D. Absorption corrections". "15-8 Myoglobin 1960. printouts, (no. 145) Watson in Cambridge and and 1960, complicated (see also C.90, C.92). Detailed data, diagrams, charts, calibrations for myoglobin crystal H.C. in Royal Institution Begins August was tapes mainly by the need to interchange EDSAC and Mercury includes correspondence and data exchanged. December 1960 - June 1961. collaborative work between D.C. Phillips at the This was work This but 1961 Myoglobin "15-8 material, mainly on myoglobin crystal no. 145, on Watson, but a little in other hands. Similar with correspondence and data from Phillips to Watson, but includes a little work and Phillips July 1961 - May 1962. seal myoglobin and lysozyme. Work mainly by corrections". Absorption "2-R Myoglobin phases. 5 Int. Run (4) Jan 1961". Printouts. data". "15-2 Myoglobin Watson, Continuing including extensive comparisons, tests and merging between EDSAC and Mercury tapes. February-May 1961. collaborative 1961. work Phillips between merging Scaling March and and NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 89 c.93 "1.5-R Myoglobin 1961. tables, C.L. Coulter. Graphs and plots, calculations, notes, in several hands including Watson, Refinement details". Various dates August 1961 - November 1963. "Refinement Notes, by Watson. (sic). calculations, routines, printouts, data runs, almost all Atom Parameters 1961 Heavy of and 1961" October 1960 - December 1962. "O-R Myoglobin Phases 5 Int. Run (5) Feb '62". Printouts. Phases "O-R printouts, a few notes. Myoglobin 5 Int. Run (3) Aug '62". Checked "OR Myoglobin Special Sections program) printouts maps. (Rossmann's Few pages dated, December 1960, January 1961. (1)". electron density Calculations, and tables, contour "9-R Myoglobin Special Sections (2)". Earliest work November on 1960. helices. Similar material, mainly April-July mainly 1959, "2-R Myoglobin Data Block layout". Printouts. c.100 "15-8 Myoglobin Data Block layout". Printouts. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 90 Collaborators’ notebooks (not These are laboratory notebooks, presented in alphabetical order, myoglobin some of or concurrent research. or with, kept as notes and data at C.190-C.195. in The work is sometimes preliminary to, the material later incorporated in the main sequence, collaborators all) the the of Information duration "Staff" folders at C.210-C.238. about and of their participation in the work can be found in the the members of the team and the nature M.M. Bluhm c.101 c.102 of "Bluhm - chemical work". various types of myoglobin (horse, seal, blue, finback and sperm whale), chrymotrypsinogen. 7 October 1952 - 16 February 1955. crystallisation Preparation and "Bluhm - diary". later more sporadically). Laboratory diary 1953 (kept daily to 8 June, G. Bodo c.103 "Spectra etc.". Calculations and graphs. Few pages used. n.d. c.104 c.105 Detailed notes, "Bodo - xtal growing 300-539". diagrams atoms. few Kraut, Last re-working some of the material. on various types of myoglobin and attachment of Entries run 3 May 1955 - 10 October 1957; 1955 - January 1956 in the November some annotations and identifications by entry is a note by Dickerson 18 February 1958 when he calculations, heavy there are a J. Dickerson. was (See next book C.105.) entries hand and of R.E. Dickerson of gold Register II PCMS". "I re-working of Entries run 21 February - 10 March 1958 and are a_ and by heavy atoms Au and PCMS made the Dintzis 1955-57 with comments, diagrams etc. and a note on cover of material received from Royal Institution 11 March 1958. crystals Dintzis) tubes (Bodo with Bodo and NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 91 C.106 c.107 c.108 c.109 c.110, ¢.111 "Photography Indexes diagrams, calculations etc. 3 January - 26 September 1958. Both ends of book used and paginated. Tables, numbering conventions. of material received, Book I". Photography "2-R indexed and paginated. of Myoglobin Book II". Similar material, 26 September 1958 - 14 July 1959. H.M. Dintzis Tables and calculations of photographs of myoglobin crystals and is heavy inscribed "Book I" but no later books survive. September 1955 - 1 July atoms 1956. book The 19 J. Kraut "Blue - porpoise". and porpoise myoglobin. Preparations and experiments on blue whale Few pages used. June-July (1956). R.G. Parrish in Anyway, to October collection. experiments "although the crystallization the resultant effect on C.110) Parrish writes: In an accompanying note of books, is insertion notebooks sent by Parrish to Kendrew at his request for the Two 1986 present imidazole (attached the derivative intensity present efforts changes none toward May successful . 1954 during which time we did the species survey, identified the isomorphous sperm produce derivatization significant intensity changes and began the program to get heavy atoms into the structure." the period covered is Sept. 1952 Also covered are (even without showed atoms) not mentioned. as preferred, of iodine and other heavy atoms, isomorphous whale crystals are covered in that could various heavy Parrish on "Species specificity of myoglobin", paper with Kendrew on "Imidazole complexes of myoglobin and position of the haem group", Nature, 175, 1955. published a collaborative paper with Kendrew and others Nature, 174, 1954, and a the NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 92 P.J. Pauling c.111A looseleaf Bulky finback crystal Proc. Roy. Soc., 237, 1956. whale structure myoglobin, of binder of collaborative work with to their joint whale myoglobin II Finback related on Kendrew "The paper myoglobin", Data, graphs, contour maps, electron density charts, sub-divided into: projection Fourier projection Fourier projection Fourier Intensity data ¢ b a Origins and scaling Error in film measurement There are notes, revisions and checking by Kendrew, interspersed they are paginated but are allocated as to with Pauling's work; topic and are not in numerical order. The period covered is 20 August 1954 - 12 December 1955, not in chronological order. B. Strandberg ¢.112 "Photography. Book I". Records, diagrams, graphs, n.d. (1958). c.113 "Photography. Book II". Dickerson n.d. (1959). Similar material. Relates to work with H. Wyckoff c.114 "Wyckoff X-ray notes 1956". April-July. Unidentified c.115 Notes on 3-D planes. Some notes in German. August-November 1957. c.116 Miscellaneous and Various dates January 1956 - 1958. structure factors, notes and records, some related to haemoglobin mainly on smoothing, scaling analysis. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 93 Atomic co-ordinates/amino-acid sequencing to of in the the but and with Moore using is for organic Stanford programme, unnumbered conjunction main myoglobin crystallography. for Medical Research New York (C.273), as a timely research project by Kendrew as of the amino-acid sequence of myoglobin had a series of stiff-backed looseleaf binders like Edmundson pursued this research first in America and those This and used They relate to a two-pronged analysis of the usually untitled. chemical myoglobin molecule structure The X-ray methods been determination as suggested Rockefeller 1955 and from 1956 Institute then A.B. For the from 1961 to 1964 at the MRC Unit in Cambridge (C.219). crystallographers, resolution and later the even finer 1.4-A made it possible to identify many more co- By the time of ordinates to many of the atoms in the molecule. "From the results of his Nobel Lecture Kendrew was able to say: acid the residues of probability" the (Science, art cit. 1963). are known with almost complete certainty and 30 are known with a fair degree of achievement of the high 2-R chemical studies, than previously, today some 120 and to assign side-chains W.B. Stein remaining spatial X-ray amino early many and the the at the With atomic (1962). co-ordinate H.C. Watson, interactions collaborated on lists, successively revised, in papers on the amino-acid Kendrew myoglobin (1961) and haemoglobin (1965) and also wrote on chain his collaborator circulated which were in constant demand (C.275-C.277). resolution collaborative myoglobin International Crystallography, appears in the supplement to photocopy the abstract Phillips at C.289. structure" was delivered by H.C. Watson at the Acta crystallogr., is included by however , "Progress analyses, paper International of sequences September of 9-18 1963 and Congress courtesy 1.4-8 Rome, with were full the the not 16, The an of determination, published; sequence of side- chief he (C.274 1.4- Union a resolution Sixth of abstract A D.C. 1963. of of the 1956 lists of co-ordinates; may also be very diverse even within the material covers a long period of time from June The Kendrew circulation little later work 1968, binder dividers. colleagues Watson. and careful c.125. when and Edmundson began work on the project to 1967 and the a The content and timespan of each sub- They include correspondence and work or results from and and is in Kendrew’s own hand his C.120-C.123, considerable detailed work undertaken checking at all stages. A high proportion, collaborators, especially particular Edmundson labelled however, there is shows 1970. also See and the in NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 94 C.117 "Myoglobin sub-divided as follows: structure old material". Miscellaneous material, Tables and notes by "Chemical data". with A.B. Edmundson on peptide analysis; record sometimes "booming success", 1960 - May 1964. of work in progress at the bench sometimes "bad on one occasion "paydirt". Kendrew, correspondence this is an interesting news", March "S/C [side-chain] identification". drafts and revisions for lists. Detailed notes and March 1960 - July 1964. tables, "Interactions etc.". May 1962. Tables, diagrams, notes. December 1960 - "Sequence data". from data from R. Hill March-August 1962. conferences December 1960, Annotated material and sequence data received correspondence and June 1961, Notes, correspondence of haemoglobin and myoglobin and on "Homology". to homology collaborative paper "Comparison between the amino-acid sequences 190, of sperm whale myoglobin and of human haemoglobin" Nature, 1961. mainly probably related December 1960 - July 1963. Watson, with "Notes pre 6-& Fourier". in type A and also types B, D, C, F January 1958. attachment - 1956 June Early notes on heavy atom myoglobins. "Interpretation of 6-& Fourier". Notes and diagrams n.d. c.118 "Myoglobin divided as follows: structure current". Miscellaneous material, sub- "Bond lengths, models". dated, 1961. Notes, charts, colour codes. Few pages "General others. features". Notes and diagrams, some by Watson and May 1960 - September 1964. "Chemical data". Notes and charts. "S/C February 1962 to "Final allocation November 1964 153 residues". Detailed notes and revision of identification". tables, "Interactions etc". and colleagues on configurations 1962. data on leucines from D.C. Phillips Detailed notes and charts, 1961, correspondence other and from "Sequence 1963. "Homology". 1968. data". Miscellaneous charts, October 1962 - March Charts, data, correspondence. May 1964 - March NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 95 c.119 "H.C. Watson. Myoglobin notebook". divided as follows: Miscellaneous material, sub- At front of book, untitled - miscellaneous notes, data, electron density charts, contour maps, December 1959 - April 1960. "Least all by Watson and includes printout by Dickerson June 1959). Notes and printouts June-September 1960 (not squares". "Holes in Fourier". Notes and charts. "Sequence Edmundson. data". Notes and charts, including material from "Myoglobin co-ords". Charts (not by Watson). "Complete charts. myoglobin co-ordinates". Tables, electron density ¢.120 Untitled. amino-acids in myoglobin, n.d., c.1961. Notes by Kendrew for the 3-D co-ordinates of the 153 The notes were originally made in a small format notebook unlike according to Kendrew (private any elsewhere in the collection; a communication was direct sight of the 2-8 model in the laboratory. separate subsequently sheet to fit into a standard looseleaf binder. July 1987) they were probably jotted down from apart and each page stuck on to a The book taken The p2, on molecule. notes are in three sections, p3 and p4. eight for Within each section the co-ordinates are based myoglobin setting out co-ordinates the Each section is separately paginated: (numbered A-H) helices D-K the of p2. p3 p4~—s pp. 1-53 pp.1-30 pp. 1-13 c.121 "2-8 Side-chains co-ordinates". as follows: Three sets of work, sub-divided "Summary amino-acids in helices A-H. on S/Cs". notes Tables for All in Kendrew’s hand. identification of 151 on side-chains". "Notes Notes on each amino-acid and likely identification, with some later notes and corroboration by Watson. Probably preliminary work for above. by Kendrew, "Co-ordinates". Tables and calculations. NCUAGS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 96 c.122 "15-8 Side-chains". is a detailed examination of 152 amino-acids and the haem the helices A-H being separated by sub- to a page, one This group, dividers. The top half of each page gives the chemical identification, and and the lower half has notes on the X-ray findings first at 2-8 then with final A few notes have dates identification is in upper right corner. in April, May 1962. reworkings and modifications at 1.5-8. The rear At 15pp. list and comments dated October 1965. "p4 co-ordinates plotted book of on 2-8 Fourier". C.123 Untitled. by Kendrew and with a front page list ordinates for Coulter least squares program" 1 March 1962. Printouts of co-ordinates, many checked and annotated "Proposed changes in co- rear At 14pp. revisions" 25 April 1962. book of charts and notes of "Co-ordinate C.124 c.125 Printouts of co-ordinates on EDSAC, with notes Untitled. hands but checking density charts and contour maps. several in mainly Few pages only dated 1962-64. Watson. by and Electron Later letter Watson. related work 1966-67, from R. Diamond almost all in Kendrew’s co-ordinates and a little work by to preparation and circulation of July 1966 on his listings Work manuscript lists and tables of factors in myoglobin hand; Untitled. of includes is myoglobin co- mainly Kendrew's ordinates and Watson's "Myoglobin orthogonal coordinate and dihedral angle 1967 listing dated 1 April 1967" which was circulated 18 August be with final". required and A later 1970. there is a manuscript note of material to be listed dated of lists (See projected papers", "Tabulations publications on co-ordinates. warning that "further revisions will and the present set should not be regarded as revised version 8 October 1967 is also C.274). for undoubtedly manuscript included included perhaps for other the also Also are NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 97 Miscellaneous C.126 so are because notebooks designated These more heterogeneous in content than those of the main myoglobin series or C.127 nevertheless are part of the myoglobin research and include some of the most accessible explanatory material and correspondence. C.128, C.129 have more general reference. timespan. because c.126, wider cover they they are a Kendrew and several collaborators relating to the Miscellaneous notes, data, correspondence etc. myoglobin sub-divided but mainly 1957-58, earliest date 1955 "General notes". by programme, as follows: "Exp." densitometer annotated Institution results, Pauling, T. Deeley, D.C. Phillips, Dickerson. Notes and diagrams for camera settings for 3-D pictures, several series of wedge tests (1958) Royal P.J. correspondence or notes by and Dintzis, data (1955), comparison Cambridge Kendrew, by of Notes reflections "Theo." required at various Angstrém resolutions (1958), phases, scaling contour by Wyckoff (1956) and others, maps, phase determination (1957 by D.M. Blow). electron density charts, calculations number and on of at Of special written interest project". programme" rear of book, project diary by Kendrew 24 Untitled, April 1957 - 10 December 1958 intercalated with related correspondence "State and notes from or to collaborators and various charts on the of 1958. myoglobin the These outline the future programme, labour methods He writes: "Stage between Cambridge and the Royal Institution. resolution 3 II will be a replacement. or reciprocal Stage heavy- space atom method." III as we can - probably to 1,5-A < preferably by the 3-dimensional Fourier synthesis with isomorphous will be a synthesis going as far out the probable timespan, for W.L. Bragg required and the method of equipment division obtained "Notes April Den, and his are the on in 27 of by NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 98 C.127 Miscellaneous notes, Untitled. Kendrew and collaborators. 61, sub-divided but not always labelled, as follows: by Earliest date 1958 but mainly 1960- correspondence etc. data, Untitled. lectures", computer programs from C.L. Coulter 1961. Kendrew’s manuscript notes October "Cochran’s 1961, notes on Fourier correspondence Transform on Untitled. Brief note on visitors to Unit September 1962. Contour Untitled. Fourier transform, by Brenner, Antonini, and on Fortran 1960-61. on notes on "American trip" by Perutz, lectures correspondence Fourier, for 6-8 maps Photographs of Fourier syntheses, "Structure". 1960", charts, from Watson on side-chains January 1961, Kendrew some dated 1958. haem of "Myoglobin 2-8 and of helices. R1 model April Electron density letter miscellaneous notes by group and special section diagrams with a "Amino sequences 1958-61. acid comp." Notes and tables of various protein 3 Project February 1959 diary correspondence 1961, "Journal". with to intercalated and various charts on "State of project" (similar collaborators final material stages (Nature, 185, 1960), but also includes from 1 August 1960 plans to refine the Includes data or correspondence from Coulter, Dickerson, Phillips, L.H. Jensen. of work and publication of paper on 2-8 to project diary at C.126). resolution to 1.5-8. Mainly related to notes model from July - 10 and or c.128 "Conference notes and lectures". 1959-71, hand, and discussions consisting of his notes of is a chronological sequence of material in This lectures, Kendrew’s or by questions the other members of the MRC Unit, and Unit also of the papers given at the 1969 EMBO meeting at Konstanz on Molecular the though primarily on protein Biology structure, is thus not exclusively on myoglobin. talks and seminars given in by visitors or by staff members during its Open Days, programme of the attended by him The content, Laboratory. at meetings scientific European proposed papers, all was a late addition to the collection and though its contents are often an item as an entity, This kept complement to Sections D (MRC Unit), N (Visits and conferences). been has essential F (EMBO), L (Lectures) and The work is sub-divided as follows: NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 99 1959-62 D. Davies Polynucleotides 30 October 1959 Gierer TMV 20 January 1960 Anfinsen no title n.d. International First polypeptides, participants, notes). Madison Symposium on poly-a-amino Wisconsin, 19-23 June 1961 acids and (programme, See L.147 Gordon (programme, participants, 12pp.notes). on proteins, Conference New Hampshire 26-30 June 1961 See L.147, N.14. Gurd Chemical Studies of myoglobin 11 July 1960 Brenner Replicon n.d. Krimm Feather O'Brien no title 18 February 1963 25 February 1963 Brandén no title 25 March 1963 Green Lactoglobulin 13 May 1963 Luzzati Synthetic polypeptides 11 February 1963 D. Blow Chymotrypsin 28 May 1963 1963-65 Weizmann Conference, June 1963. See L.147, N.17. Crickday Bonner Regulation of chromosome activity Holland visit to laboratories, see also L.148 Structural Studies Division, account of work in hand Perutz Molecular interpretation of Bohr effect 7 October 1963 24 January 1964 February 1964 12-13 October 1964 4 February 1965 Klug Turnip crinkle virus 25 February 1965 Conformation workshop, 24-25 June 1965 (7 pp. notes). Gordon 1965 (3lpp. notes). Conference on proteins, See L.148, N.20. National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, See L.148, N.19. New Hampshire 28 June - 2 July Crick Talk to lab. 12 October 1965 NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 100 1967-68 Blow Travels in USA 17 August 1967 Perutz no title 23 May 1968 McLachlan Gordon Conference 1968 19 July 1968 Symposium on symmetry and function of biological Nobel systems at the macromolecular level, Stockholm, 26-29 August 1968 (23pp. notes). See L.148, N.29. 1969 Diamond Real space refinement of myoglobin 8 July 1969 Clark tRNA crystals 29 September 1969 EMBO scientific part) (9pp. notes). discussion Konstanz 27-29 November 1969 (notes on See F.190-F.194. Crick Chromosome structure 19 October 1971 c.129 Notes on the literature, mainly 1961-68, sub-divided as follows: Indexing Proteins - general Proteins - part[icular] Haemoglobin DNA Miscellaneous NGUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 101 NOTES AND DATA (Kendrew and collaborators) the and than paginated documentation are more miscellaneous in character, and less rigorously These dated for preservation in the "official" sequence of notebooks, though the work is often concurrent and therefore follows a similar order. C.130-C.169 deal with research methods and species and the quest for the material best suited to X-ray specificity C.170-C.187 relate to the main myoglobin diffraction analysis; programme. C.190-C.195 also not exclusively so in topic or date. contain material relative to the main programme, The "collaborators'’ notes and data" at techniques, selected but Preliminary work Horse haemoglobin and myoglobin c.130 Brief notes, electron density charts on haemoglobin. c.131 c.132 C.133 C.134 "Haemoglobin - Low calculations, printouts, December 1950 - January 1951. 3D Patterson resolution (EDSAC)". Notes, myoglobin. "Horse lattices, February 1949. calculations. n.d. Papers on molecular Diagrams, Includes a note from W.L. Bragg, shape". Horse myoglobin. headed "Pseudo-orthorhombic" and perhaps related to joint with myoglobin", Acta crystallogr., 7, 1954. lattices, ideas on structure, some paper horse pseudo-orthorhombic Diagrams, Trotter form I.F. of "A "Horse photographs of myoglobin Fourier syntheses by R. Pepinski. myoglobin. Pepinsky machine". Correspondence and NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 102 Blue whale c.135 "Blue Edsac Kendrew May 1952. whale myoglobin sheets, in (NH,), SO,", a, b, calculations, dedsitycharts, ec projections, by checked all C.136 Blue whale in phosphate, December 1952. a, b, c Patterson. Similar material Penguin ¢.137 "Penguin imidazole orthorhombic". contour maps, intensity calculations October 1953. Printouts, density charts, C.138 Penguin a, b, c Patterson. Similar material n.d. Carp c.139 c.140 "Carp non-principal projection". November 1952". Early X-ray diffraction picture. Diagram of "Intensity strip Carp myoglobin a, lattices. Some dated July, September 1954. b, c projection. Printouts, density charts, Seal c.141 "Centred seal". Lattices A2, B’ diagrams. C.142 "Centred seal b, c face diagonals". diagram October 1954. Printouts, density charts, c.143 "Wash seal a, c". Similar material October 1953. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 103 c.144 "Wash seal b". Similar material October 1953. c.145 "Wash seal monoclinic a". Similar material October 1953. C.146 "Monoclinic seal Lattice A". 1954. Similar material February, June c.147 "Seal myoglobin Lattice A’ b patterson". Similar material n.d. C.148 c.149 c.150 c.151 C.152 "Seal scaling charts, using above data. ‘Nodes and loops’ ". Graphs, radial distribution and Finback whale was the subject of extensive study 1950-54. the This work (C.149-C.160) is in Kendrew’s own hand, and some is by M.M. Bluhm (C.161-C.164) and P.J. Pauling (C.165, C.166). Much of Work by Kendrew Printouts, contour maps, density sheets, calculations, lattices, graphs, ideas for structure etc., some dated November 1950, July 1951. "Fly's eye work photographs, methods developed by H.S. Lipson. Manchester dated some May 1952". 1952 using optical (See also C.203.) Notes, graphs, lattices, diffraction calculations, ‘Manual’ application of Cochran's rule". adaptation for EDSAC program etc. "Inequalities. graphs, one relation between the signs of structure factors" 1952, of which is enclosed. dated 25 April 1953) based on paper by W. Cochran set Notes, (only "A draft a "EDSAC Finback whale May 1953". Cochran's rule. Includes 9pp. summary of results. Routines and tables, applying NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 104 c.153 C.154 c.155 c.156-C.160 C.161, C.162 "Fouriers of Finback. material, continues to June 1953. (EDSAC inequalities) May 1953". Similar whale 3-dimensional Patterson". "Finback density February, April, July 1954. charts, contour maps, calculations etc., Printouts (checked), dated some and paginated and with a summary of contents, "Type F Inequalities". punched, format instead as loose papers in a folder. 1953 to Cochran's for finback whale. This is a substantial file of material, of the same kept The material runs December using Fouriers December methods and other programmes to obtain good organisation as the stiff-backed binders attempts various covers 1954 but and folders Five finback, 1954, 1955. of contour maps and printouts for Fouriers of Work by M.M. Bluhm folders Two camera setting, finback whale. of calculations and charts for factors, intensities etc. for 3-dimensional structure of scaling Few dates. C.163, €.164 Two folders of density sheets and contour maps. Work by P.J. Pauling This is work similar to that at C.111A on salt water changes finback Roy. Soc., 237, 1956. related to the joint paper in myoglobin, whale in Proc. c.165 C.166 Calculations and notes on March 1955. a, b, c projections, November 1954 - Miscellaneous notes, dates August 1954 - March 1955. calculations, contour maps etc., various NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 105 Whale - Structure factors Notes, calculations and diagrams, all by Kendrew. whale finally attempt to explore research techniques and results. the "type A" crystals (not all Early work on selected) in C.167 c.168 c.169 Patterson fitting". "Whale crystals at different angles, early contour maps. dated 1952. Various diagrams 1948-49 but one of the sets of drawings is dated graphs of The folder is May and 3 of structure factors for various models. a note by Kendrew summarising the results e.g. "Whale graphs, have enough improvement was obtained", sets of notes bear dates in February, March, May 1952. Structure Factors and Fouriers". Detailed calculations, Most tables good decisive Some "this looks pretty good" etc. absolutely Fourier", justify "not "no to a Series a-n, IVC, material, "Whale Similar project diary of work 13 June - 9 July, 1952. in D. calculations". a Perhaps includes no year given. Structure factor the order described. Also NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 106 Main Myoglobin programme Orthorhombic sperm whale c.170 c.171 C.172 and diagrams by Kendrew on "packing" and crystal lattices March A and B orthorhombic sperm whale, dated some Types Notes of 1953. orthorhombic "Sperm density sheets, contour maps, a, b, c projections, some by Kendrew, some by R.G. Parrish, related to joint paper in Nature, 175, 1955. met-imidazole". graphs, Notes, "Sperm Kendrew n.d. orthorhombic 'end-on’ Fouriers". Work by Parrish and C.173 "Sperm orthorhombic a Patterson", November 1952, January 1953. c.174 c.175 C.176 C.177 n.d. orthorhombic b "Sperm density sheets, "Because through photographs to the check totals of the Edsac. to be in order." Patterson". calculations, With a later note 21 May 1955 by Kendrew checked the Everything seems inconsistencies whole computation of the in the % origins I b projection Printouts, of the from have Monoclinic sperm whale "Sperm monoclinic met-imidazole". contour Kendrew. dated maps, some June 1954. Calculations, density sheets, and Parrish Work by "Reflections on Wissenberg Patterns". February-April 1953. Charts and notes by Bluhm "Sections through 3-dim. Patterson of sperm monoclinic". and calculations by Bluhm, only one page dated October 1953. Notes NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 107 c.178 Scaling factors and checks by Bluhm. c.179 c.180 myoglobin. graphs, "Sperm whale calculations, including note on "Reconciliation of 3-dimensional results 2-dimensional little by Bluhm. 3-dimensional projections". synthesis". almost all printouts dated Work July (one by 16 Notes, 1953), with a Kendrew, Fourier". "End-on Notes Kendrew, a little by Bluhm. 1953. calculations, and by June 1953 and a later note November almost all c.181-¢.183 Three checks for Pattersons. folders of calculations, density charts, printouts and C.184 c.185 C.186 C.187 c.188 c.189 "Sperm whale myoglobin. Large and some additional, of values to be used on EDSAC tapes. 3-dimensional Patterson. EDSAC sheets". 1-12 scale charts by Bluhm checked by Kendrew, numbered "Sperm monoclinic EDSAC outputs. calculations, all checked and corrected by Kendrew. 3-D Patterson". Printouts and Miscellaneous projections, corrections dated October 1954. calculations, by Bluhn, density sheets, contour maps some with Kendrew’s checks and and on radial intensity Work distribution for haemoglobin, myoglobin and ribonuclease sent by notes and calculations by V. Luzzati 1954 Bluhm. distribution. (see C.36), Includes graphs, data on Later work various hands n.d. on radial distribution, charts, diagrams etc. in "3-D diagrams, including haem group n.d. Fourier special and a sections". Contour maps and NCUAGS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 108 Collaborators’ notes and data In alphabetical order R.E. Dickerson and others c.190 c.191 C.192 c.193 c.194 calculations, Notes, Dickerson with Royal Institution; Phillips Kendrew Dickerson to V. Shore. to preparation by but also by others and relating to collaborative work includes notes on verso of letter from from 12 May 1958 undated methods mainly etc., note and December 1957 - December 1958. an H.M. Dintzis "HgI, Notes, charts, densitometer readings etc. 1955. syntheses". Difference calculations, density J. Kraut "Type F tables, Kraut’s standard pages. 1955-56". Joe Kraut’s work contour work factors, Includes brief notes by Kendrew on the format of the loose-leaf binders but was kept as loose on Type D and Type F. The material maps etc. scaling Notes, in is D.C. Phillips on haem Work graphs, printouts etc., paginated 1-121 but not in numerical order, some dated 1960. narratives, Extensive notes, group. H. Wyckoff "H. Wyckoff tests, irradiation tests, 3M CsCl densitometer tests. miscellaneous Includes notes". - densitometer NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 109 Unidentified c.195 Work on isocyanide spectra 1954-55. "Interesting note combination of myoglobin with isocyanide". unidentified hand in File cover has a manuscript the early work on NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 110 Miscellaneous C.196 data, relating to checking 6-& Correspondence, 1957, obtained on EDSAC I against DEUCE computer at National Laboratory. Includes correspondence with J.S. analysis, dimensional the air permanently any time now small pieces". printouts, density sheets, contour maps, 3-dimensional Fourier synthesis Physical D.W. Green, on 3-dimensional 2- analysis explaining that "EDSAC 1 will be going off in from Kendrew 7 December EDSAC 2 is at present Rollett July-October programs letter EDSAC 1957 and ... by on a c.197 "An examination of the helices in myoglobin". for a paper so titled, of H.C. Watson, n.d. but 1960 or later. Manuscript draft with 6 tables and 3 figures, in the hand included is a brief outline by Kendrew for the paper under Also the title "The helical segments of polypeptide in myoglobin" and a note of two major collaborative papers intended for the series of which I-V had on "Structure of myoglobin" in Proc. Roy. Soc. The two mentioned in the note are "VII been published 1950-59. a three-dimensional Fourier synthesis of sperm whale crystals at Strandberg, Phillips and 2-& resolution by Kendrew, Kendrew, Shore" These Phillips, papers did not in fact appear and the work was published only in the shorter form of communications in Nature. "VIII Interpretation of a 2-R Fourier Dickerson, Shore". Dickerson, Strandberg, Watson and and by ? c.198 on research computer generated models Material three-dimensional syntheses. on crystallography" renewal Structure, later correspondence on probability research 1971. of Mainly exchanges with M.0. Dayhoff protein 1962 (with comments by Watson and Branden) and Atlas of Protein Sequence & publication interpretation interpretation proposal 1965, "Aids for of of to NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 111 MATERIALS AND APPARATUS Supplies and specimens and on and stations, shippers, the supply individuals with whaling 1952 when Kendrew and his team discovered the Correspondence colleagues suitable samples of myoglobin, also of various other species. December suitability to locate supplies; to sea various fish trains and airports. fisheries, of particularly of sperm whale but The earliest exchanges date from special trying Perutz joined the initial quest by writing to and from ships at were at overnight cables were sent members of the laboratory times to collect specimens from cold stores, of sperm whale meat and no time was lost in a colleague in Peru, despatched transport and other c.199 1952-53. c.200 1954. c.201 1955-58. C.202 1960-65 myoglobin by R.H. Kretsinger), 1972. (much of this relates to the investigation of porpoise Optical diffractometer c.203 drawings lamp, Correspondence, related to optical apparatus devised by H.S. Lipson whom Kendrew Also approached high correspondence includes intensity light sources. the matter on the advice notes on the "Fly’s commercial W.L. Bragg. suppliers with Eye" and of on of of Examples are at C.308. masks and "pantographs" on optical diffractometer See also C.150. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 112 Microcamera C.204 Drawings and diagrams by Kendrew and others. Densitometer c.205 C.206 C.207 Computer time C.208 c.209 densitometers design suppliers, "Scanning correspondence "flying-spot" densitometer, 1957, A.C.T. North 1958. with data". blueprints, on correspondence with M.H.F. Wilkins paper (no author or Drawings, date) "Bluhm notes, information on photometer from F.H.C. Crick. Densitometer". calculations, Correspondence with graphs Bluhm by commercial firms, October-December 1953, Correspondence with supplier and colleagues on microdensitometer Miscellaneous rules and scales for use on densitometer 1957-59. in Kendrew's laboratory. of time on IBM 7090 at Use 1959-61, C.L. Coulter 1960-62. routines Correspondence and information on myoglobin work on 7090 by Aldermaston. AWRE correspondence on Miscellaneous various machines and at various institutions 1959-67, especially 1960-61 when EDSAC 2 was no longer capable of the fast computing required. on use/hire of computer time NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 113 COLLABORATORS AND STAFF posts research Correspondence and papers relating to doctoral, postdoctoral and team. other Applications USA, foundations; funded there short-term are contracts. from various grant-giving institutions and some MRC staff members on long from UK and Europe, with the protein crystallography mainly also from come but or publications, material may include applications and for The work in team, arrangements for funding, supply or importation of equipment, visits of varying duration, research proposals, progress and results, exchanges of information, etc. Some considerable period and include news of subsequent career. related correspondence with other colleagues others extend over brief exchanges, recommendations advanced degrees, are a Individual files c.210 Banaszak, L.J. 1962-66 Work on guanidated myoglobin and GPDH. c.211 Bluhm, M.M. and others 1951-60 Bluhm was an MRC staff member, to Kendrew 1952-55. it analysis and material for 1952 appointment. Assistant Includes a little correspondence 1951 when to make Kendrew's working as Scientific appointment, hoped been had and the c.212 Bodo, G and others 1957-60 Correspondence returned attachment etc. to conducted after Bodo had left MRC laboratory and atom on myoglobin research, heavy Austria, C.213 Brandén, C-I 1962 Brdndén correspondence only, on arrangements. a year as a temporary MRC staff spent member. Brief c.214 Bretscher, P.A. and others 1968, 1973 NCUAGS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 114 c.215 Coulter, C.L. and others 1959-66 funded worked 1960-62 on the 1.5-& Fourier synthesis 7090, Coulter on IBM Includes Crystallographic on protein structures" which discuss the work at 1.4-8. of myoglobin" and Association meeting June 1962 on "Recent "Refinement Institutes abstracts structure given by National Coulter papers by US computed Health. American work for methods the at of of C.216 Creighton, T.E. and others 1965-68 C.217 Dickerson, R.E. and others 1957-68 at worked Dickerson Science Foundation, a joint myoglobin co-ordinates etc. other and shorter visit July-August 1960. the laboratory, National from January 1958 to 21 August 1959 and for funding, results, Correspondence on and research funded plans publications, by US C.218 Dintzis, H.M. and others 1955-63 Dintzis 55, replacement work. making worked at the laboratory as a Rockefeller Fellow important contributions to the 1954- isomorphous c.219 Edmundson, A.B. and others 1959-71 sequencing, some delays, After amino-acid Health, from October 1960 to September 1964. material Rockefeller over indefinitely to the laboratory, are also included. Edmundson came to work in the laboratory on of Correspondence and the made special equipment provided for the work by and subsequently (February 1965) Foundation, Institutes National funded by US about returning After attributed methyl-cellosolve) protein chemistry. to to America, Edmundson developed prolonged contact with solvents (in an illness particular on work and was obliged to discontinue 1957-58 1958-64 factors, phase circles, equipment, other research c.220 Hart, R.G. c.221 Hoppe, W. Structure projects. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 115 C.222 Huxley, H.E. and others 1950-55 Research and recommendations, mainly related to Huxley’s period at M.I.T. as Commonwealth Research Fellow, his return to the MRC Unit and provision of an electron microscope for his research. C.223 Jensen, L.H. and others 1959-62 Helices in 2-R and 1.5-8 resolutions. See also C.127. C.224 Kraut, J. and others 1954-59 C.225 Kretsinger, R.H. and others 1963-73 Research and joint publication, draft paper on "The structure of porpoise myoglobin". C.226 Levitt, M. and others 1967-70 Levitt 1968 until the award of a Fellowship at Caius in 1970. held an MRC Training Scholarship at the laboratory from C.227 Nobbs, C.L. 1963-71 C.228 Parrish, R.G. and others 1951-56 was a Merck postdoctoral fellow at the laboratory 1952- correspondence is on funding and career, research programme Parrish 54; and results. C.229 Pauling, P.J. and others 1951-56 c.230 Pinkerton, M. 1955-61, 1969 c.231 Schoenborn, B.P. and others 1964-69, 1974 Research, publications. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 116 C.232 Steinrauf, L.K. and others 1958-63, 1967 C.233 Stockell, A. 1958-59 Work on papain. C.234 Strandberg, B.E. 1959-65 July Correspondence resolution work and pressure to complete before and C.84). their stay at Strandberg finished crucial refers 1959 to stage of 2-8 R.E. Dickerson also (see laboratory c.235 Stryer, L. and others 1961-64 C.236 Watson, H.C. 1959, 1964-68 Watson 1959 - June 1968. had an MRC staff appointment at the laboratory December C.237 Wheeler, J. 1959-62 Part time MRC staff member, working on EDSAC programming. C.238 Wyckoff, H.W. and others 1954-57, 1963 letter of 17 July 1955 includes a very clear Kendrew's of reports on his research are also included. current state of the myoglobin the programme. summary Wyckoff's NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 117 Chronological files Shorter correspondence relating to applications to vist or at the laboratory. Similar material to C.210-C.238 above, less extensive. work but C.239 1951. c.240 1952-54. C.241 1955-56. C.242 1957. C.243 1958-59. C.244 1960. C.245 1961. C.246 1962. C.247 1964, 1965, 1966. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 118 CORRESPONDENCE Aspects of myoglobin years, ease of reference, below are the contents of Kendrew’s bulky for folders, C.248-C.272 descriptive sub-divided The material for each topic, which may extend over very titles. The content Many elsewhere may e.g. and results, comments on publications, but Kendrew’s arrangement has been respected. is presented in chronological order. have some degree of overlap with on methods of preparation, exchange of specimens with his own correspondence Myoglobin - biochemistry 1947-81 C.248 1947. C.249 1950-54. c.250 1955-57. c.251 1958-59. C.252 1960-62. C.253 1964. C.254 1965. C.255 1972, 1979, 1981. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 119 Myoglobin - Theory 1949-68 C.256 1949-53. C.257 1958, 1965, 1968. Myoglobin - electrical - magnetic 1953-70 C.258 1953, 1958. C.259 1959. C.260 1960-63. c.261 1964, 1968, 1970. Myoglobin - electron microscopy 1954-63 C.262 1954, 1958, 1961, 1962-63. Includes samples of micrographs. Myoglobin - helix content 1955-62 C.263 1955, 1957-58, 1962. Heavy atoms 1957-66 C.264 1957-60, 1965, 1966. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 120 Myoglobin - physical chemistry general 1958-77 c.265 1958, 1961-63. C.266 1964-65. C.267 1968. C.268 1970, 1973, 1977. Myoglobin - oxygen reaction 1960-74 C.269 1960-62, 1966-67, 1970, 1972, 1974. Myoglobin - 2-R Fourier 1960-67 c.270 1960-62, of haem group. 1965, 1967. Mainly on helical structure and position Porphyrin structure 1961-66 C.271 Correspondence and data 1961-66. C.272 Shorter supplies, specimens, preparation methods, equipment etc. correspondence 1954-75; requests for information on NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 121 Atomic co-ordinates/amino-acid sequencing C.273 C.274 C.275 C.276, C.277 by Kendrew work Correspondence 1955-59 with US colleagues on collaborative chemical suggested determination be undertaken by the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research New York alongside the X-ray diffraction analysis in progress at the MRC Laboratory. of the amino-acid sequence of myoglobin, November 1955 for the to 2 The correspondence is mainly with S. Moore and W.H. Stein at the Rockefeller Institute, and with A.B. Edmundson who was the first to graduate the a Rockefeller Institute, postdoctoral Laboratory research (C.219). Some correspondence with other colleagues is included. later at Brookhaven and eventually as fellow work on the at the MRC initially project, student at exchanges The progress of the myoglobin project at a critical time. are of particular interest in chronicling the Kendrew’s 1967, lists of requests for tables, 74. August 1967, and Watson's tables of co-ordinates circulated revised October 1967. April miscellaneous and chart of those supplied 1967- With Correspondence some simple requests for Kendrew's results, others with more detailed exchanges on work in progress, publications, 1960-67. colleagues on sequencing research, from letter to C. Levinthal of 15 February 1965 reluctance to distribute the tables of explains co-ordinates Kendrew’s his prematurely. Shorter correspondence distributing or requesting tables of ordinates Includes educational projects, or quote material. co- (C.274). or myoglobin model-building, requests to use and Watson information compiled letters research Kendrew thanks, 1967 by in on of C.276 1967-69. C.277 1970-78. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 122 Publications General correspondence Kendrew and correspondence 1958-68 arising General myoglobin colleagues, of permission and published results and continuing work on myoglobin. from collaborators, editors and publishers. reprints to quote or reproduce material, congratulation, scientific requests exchanges related to or authors, received publications on from Includes letters photographs, thanks, from arising and letters of by some for C.278 1958. C.279 1959. C.280 1960 January-May. C.281 1960 June-December. C.282 1961. C.283 1962 January-May. C.284 1962 June-December. C.285 1963 January-May. C.286 1963 June-December. C.287 1964, 1968. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 123 Myoglobin papers C.288 Correspondence synthesis Wyckoff and Phillips) in Nature, 181, 1958. August 1957 - January 1958 on the 6-& resolution Parrish, and its publication Dintzis, (with Bodo, Kendrew's letter of 20 August, Bodo, Wyckoff and Kraut, interest, summary of the work and future plans: sent to Parrish, Bluhm, Dintzis, is reproduced below for its historical CAVENDISH LABORATORY, CAMBRIDGE 20 August, 1957 Dear To save repeating myself, this is a circular letter to tell you that we finally managed to do a 3-dimensional Fourier synthesis of myoglobin the other day, with a resolution of 6 A. The phases were determined using 5 different isomorphous derivatives - mercury diammine, gold, PCMBS, mercury diammine + PCMBS, and gold + PCMBS - with an accuracy which I should estimate as + 20°; and therefore real. minutes using a 2-dimensional program of David Green’s modified for the purpose; repeated on DEUCE, the big machine at the National Physical Laboratory. 400 terms in all, of which 100 were h0l’s The calculation was done on EDSAC in 76 and as a double check it has since been The Fourier shows much more than I personally ever The general shape of the Its position checks up exactly with All the main features of the 2-dimensional Fourier of First of all the main parts of the polypeptide and so is the iron atom, which gives a hoped it would. chains are quite clear; peak 50% higher than the chains and is the most prominent feature in the pattern. that of the iodine peak in the 2-dimensional difference Fourier of p-iodo-phenylhydroxylamine. molecule corresponds pretty well with what we have said in earlier papers, and its position in the unit cell is precisely what was suggested by Howard Dintzis's salt-water difference- Fourier. the protein are now interpretable, and its highest peak, incidentally, turns out to be the iron atom. the chains is complicated and our old term "quasi-parallel" is an over-simplification! the average electron density of the chains drops to near average so that at this resolution they nearly fade out, or at least the the turns are not distinguishable from salt bridges, etc.: consequence is that it may not be possible at this stage to string together the various segments into a unique sequence. Several of the segments are essentially parallel (though not straight), but others run at right angles and so to speak tie The haem group is not the bundle together round the outside. inside the molecule - in one sense it is definitely on the Unfortunately when they turn corners The arrangement of NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 124 outside, though in another one might say that it was buried in a cleft, though there is clear access for oxygen and other molecules. Our plan is to extend the resolution to 3 A. using the same techniques as hitherto, though the phase determination will not be so accurate. years. should clear up a lot of the doubtful points. resolution! Maybe we can do this in 18 months or 2 This (3,000 reflexions per derivative this time!). After that atomic I thought you might like to have this advance information about the latest results which, it goes without saying, would not have been possible to achieve without the efforts you made when you were in the Unit. from everyone here. All good wishes Why not come back for a while and help with the 3 A stage? All the best - " also dated 17 August includes a generous letter of congratulation from Folder ("I feel I must write to say what a W.L. Bragg thrill it was to see your structure yesterday I did deeply appreciate your coming over so quickly to show it to me"), which suggests the synthesis was actually completed, was 16 August. "the other day" of Kendrew’s letter, when that ... Also correspondence with Nature about publication. are letters to and from included colleagues, and brief C.289 on the and 1960 its ("I publication. January-February have been reading your paper and resolution Correspondence writes synthesis Perutz' enthusiastically with a real thrill ... the paper describing these results is all of so receiving it out"). 13 the with February collaborators and colleagues. fascinating and meaty that it would be a pity to cut any Nature published the papers very rapidly, manuscripts issue. includes a little early January and correspondence 2-8 again in Also publishing Bragg the in Br&ndén, Coulter, here is the abstract of the paper "Progress resolution myoglobin structure determination" by Phillips and Blake, International Congress and Symposia of the the Included Watson, 1.4-R at presented Kendrew, International Sixth (photocopy Union of Crystallography, kindly of presented provided papers on the research in 1962 (see C.215) but there is no fully written-up record of the 1.4-2 work. supplement to Acta crystallogr., Rome, 9-18 September 1963 Phillips). Coulter 1963, with also D.C. C.L. 81, 16, by A NCUAGS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 125 c.290 (a)-(h) and caption for Figure 18 pp.94-95 Series "Crystal structure of myoglobin V", with Bodo, Dintzis and Wyckoff, Proc. Roy. Soc. 253, 1959. of Miscellaneous captions for exhibits. c.291 Circulation list for Kendrew’s publications c.1954-58. Note In July 1986 Current Contents, no.29 featured the 2-8 paper (Nature, 185) as "This Week's Citation Classic" by which date it The 6-8 paper (Nature, 181) had been cited in 475 publications. had paper (Nature, 190) had been cited 405 times at the same date. cited 140 times and the amino-acid 29 been sequencing NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 126 MODELS Skeletal model were in By were originally designed by Kendrew and made up These the Cavendish workshops and later (from 1958) in the MRC Unit's own Cambridge workshops. Repetition other laboratories though Correspondence with MRC unofficially, and historical information on the matter. to frequently, known as Kendrew models. August 1963 - December 1960 Engineers they Ltd., US. manufactured by sold provides several mainly others in They were being 1965, C.292 Correspondence with colleagues, MRC and others on supply of models 1960-70. Cambridge Repetition Engineers, Ball-and-spoke model many approached MRC in May 1965 with a view requests for models of the myoglobin Cambridge Engineering Laboratories who had a Following Kendrew manufacture and sale. of business National that models. in May 1966; established, by Kendrew and passed on to Barker. molecule, commercial He suggested the services of A.A. Barker private After various discussions with MRC and agreed the Letters to colleagues about the scheme were circulated orders were received and processed, and priorities of the Research Development Corporation (NRDC) it was Barker should be formally licensed by NRDC to produce small kind. to C.293 Preliminary circular letters to colleagues May 1965 - May 1966. correspondence and negotiations with MRC and NRDC, C.294-C.297 and Correspondence priorities 1966-71. orders, 4 Folders. periodical lists of orders and NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 127 Science Museum London C.298 Correspondence models, advice on captions etc. with museum staff about loan or gift of Various dates 1958-77. various Correspondence methods, Correspondence costs etc. of atomic model-building and scientific illustration. colleagues and manufacturers with on c.299 1953-58. models", often referred to elsewhere in the correspondence. "Pauling-Corey R.B. Corey, With on space-filling c.300 1957. With manufacturers of expanded polystyrene/plastics. c.301 1957-59. c.302 1961-62. c.303 1963. c.304 Exhibition Includes catalogue of British Biophysical Society Winter 1965. earlier Meeting on (September Biophysical atomic Chemistry Study Section of the US National Institutes of Health. report of the Conference of the committee and molecular models of the Biophysics Molecular Models, 1960) and of an and c.305 1966-67. C.306 1969. c.307 Printed/duplicated information on model-building. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 128 MISCELLANEOUS c.308 Pantographs and "pantographs" (End Masks on) taken 1952 with the so-called "fly's eye" optical diffractometer based on the work of H.S. Lipson. of finback whale myoglobin See C.203. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 129 SECTION D MRC LABORATORY OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, CAMBRIDGE D.1-D.39 INTRODUCTION D.1-D.5 BUILDINGS D.6-D.12 APPARATUS AND EQUIPMENT D.13-D.32 STAFF D.33-D.38 RESEARCH AND ADMINISTRATION D.39 HISTORICAL NCUAGS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 130 INTRODUCTION This is the last and current title of the famous institution where most of the brilliant early research was conducted which gave Britain historical lead in protein crystallography and molecular biology. Under its its original name of Unit for the Study of the Molecular Structure of Biological Systems it was set up in Cambridge by the Medical Research Council from 1 October 1947 with a staff of two, M.F. Perutz and J.C. Kendrew, housed in the old Cavendish Laboratory in Free School Lane. The Unit expanded rapidly - by 1950 F.H.C. Crick and H.E. Huxley were already working there and J.D. Watson arrived in Michaelmas 1951 - and was renamed the Molecular Biology Research Unit in 1956. Although plans were put forward by Perutz, and accepted by the MRC, in 1958 for its expansion into a Laboratory of Molecular Biology with its own building, the work continued at the Cavendish in increasingly cramped conditions University 1962, until Postgraduate Medical School on the New Addenbrooke's Hospital site. new quarters were opened by the when Queen in the A further major extension was agreed in 1964. M.F. Perutz was Chairman of the Laboratory until he reached retirement age in 1979, his successors being S. Brenner (until 1986) and A. Klug. Structural Studies until 1974 when he was seconded to EMBL. Kendrew Deputy Chairman Director and was of the Division of The records of his own research in Cambridge constitute Section C. The fortieth anniversary of the first MRC Unit was marked in 1987 by various celebrations, gatherings, articles and TV programmes; information about some of these is at D.39. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 131 BUILDINGS Plans D.1 D.2 Correspondence Architects’ plans Addenbrooke's site. January, March 1960 for laboratory on Architects’ plans June 1966 for extension. Correspondence, laboratory, including little later material. mainly memoranda, negotiations on conducted by Perutz 1963-64 with research notes and ideas from colleagues and also extension MRC, D.3 D.4 1963 1964 Miscellaneous correspondence European scientists, 1968. later on possible material 1965, 1967, memoranda accommodation for EMBL, or to but a and for APPARATUS AND EQUIPMENT Much of the material deals with the laboratory's later needs for Equipment for Kendrew's own research computer hard or software. is documented in Section C. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 132 Computers D.6 D.8 D.9 D.10 Other D.11 D.12 Conferences MRC facilities for staff of MRC Units, 1958, 1962. needs and computer on access to computing correspondence, memoranda, meetings University, covering and committees, with computer firms, all aspects of computer General discussions, Cambridge officials, requirements, 1961-69, purchase, hire or collaborative use of estimates, in MRC notes laboratory of and colleagues and MRC and machines policy memoranda and notes from other members of Includes in reports received from colleagues working elsewhere. particular D.M. Blow, U.W. Arndt, laboratory, and also information and Correspondence, Cambridge University Titan machine. memoranda, discussion notes etc. 1963-69 on memoranda, Correspondence, 1963-66 process £140,000. complaining of poor performance of machine. on purchase by MRC of Ferranti Argus 304 data from X-ray diffractometer, of letter by discussions (to see D.11) at a cost of Perutz 1966 of meetings and November Computer Includes notes copy Correspondence Atlas Computer Laboratory. and papers 1963-67 on use of computer time at on Correspondence, memoranda, discussion notes, costings etc. 1959- diffractometer 66 poor apparatus. performance of Ferranti apparatus. of Includes Watts/Ferranti Hilger copy See also D.9. complaint purchase Perutz by on of & Miscellaneous processing camera for slide making. correspondence 1957-61 on Polaroid rapid NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 133 STAFF Computing Staff D.13 D.14 Tabulated information by Kendrew and others on requirements computing staff for various members of laboratory. on those engaged. for A few notes Correspondence work Kendrew’s notes. as computing with successful applicants for full or part time Includes laboratory 1957-62. staff in D.15 Not used. Research Staff Applications mainly vitae, 1962 but to 1969-73. curricula recommendations and a log of correspondence (compiled in work in laboratory, Material includes date correspondence, earliest laboratory). D.16 D.17 D.18 D.19 D.20 D.21 D.22 D.23 A B c(1) C(2) F G H I D.32 Z D.24 D.25 D.26 D.27 D.28 D.29 D.30 D.31 J K L M R S T W NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 134 RESEARCH AND ADMINISTRATION D.33 D.34 D.35 D.36 D.37 and minutes of laboratory Board meetings, administrative papers Miscellaneous agendas equipment, new laboratory, finance, a little correspondence. space allocation, proposals 1961, for lists of personnel and research projects or sub-divisions 1964-74. Includes requests for visitors, the in research reports and proposals by members of Miscellaneous laboratory: TMV X-ray diffraction Nucleic acid Chymotrypsin Mass spectrometry NMR 1964 n.d. 1965 1967 1968 1968 K.C. Holmes, A. Klug unsigned F,. Sanger D.M. Blow F. Sanger A.D. McLachlan Notices, applications etc. for symposia and study courses on the work of the laboratory 1967-73 and undated. for MRC Subcommittee of Arrangements Members of the Subcommittee were Structural Studies 9 May 1973. A.F. Huxley, D.C. J.A.B. Gray Includes programme, Phillips, and timetable, other background information supplied to Subcommittee, report on visit and comments. A.S.V. Burgen, R.D. Preston and P.M.B. Walker. talks accompanying demonstrations (Chairman) , Division synopses visit to of Brief notes by Kendrew on various matters related to laboratory, at EMBL, on ICSU and including a breakdown of time spent in UK, other business trips for 1975. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 135 D.38 Structural Studies Committee Meetings 1-118, 3 March 1975. 10 February 1969 - agendas, of staffing, minutes and some Includes correspondence, allocation, financial Structural Studies Division. and space visitors, estimates and allocations relating to the work of the requirements, dealing with all aspects background papers and equipment apparatus N.B. For meetings 1-7 only the agendas survive. HISTORICAL D.39 Miscellaneous the laboratory in 1987. items commemorating the fortieth anniversary of NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 136 SECTION E CAMBRIDGE : UNIVERSITY AND COLLEGE E.1-E.16 INTRODUCTION CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY E.1, E.2 Teaching and curriculum E.3 -E.5 Committees E.6 Electoral and Advisory Boards PETERHOUSE E.7 -E.10 Scholarship and entrance examinations E.11-E.13 Supervision E.14 Prizes E.15, E.16 Mastership elections NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 137 INTRODUCTION The material in this section deals with Kendrew’s postwar career at Cambridge. Though by no means a complete record, it gives some picture of his involvement in university and college life. For virtually the whole of this period, that is from the start of the MRC Unit on 1 October 1947, Kendrew was a full-time salaried member of the staff of the Medical Research Council and indeed remained so until his retirement from EMBL in 1982. His own position, like that of the MRC Unit itself, was thus somewhat ambivalent vis-a-vis the organisation of the university and its collegiate life, but like many of his colleagues he made a full contribution to the requirements of research, teaching and administration at university level, while his connection with Peterhouse gave him a valued link with college life. Kendrew was elected to a Research Fellowship at Peterhouse from 1 July 1947 to 1953, and to a Supernumerary Fellowship from 1953 until resigned in July 1975 on his secondment to Heidelberg; he was elected he an Honorary Fellow in November 1975. Despite the intense pressure of his own research during the 1950s, together with his responsibilities for the protein crystallography section of the MRC Unit, he continued to be actively involved with many aspects of life at Peterhouse. He was Director of Studies in Natural Sciences 1950-56 and a College Lecturer in Natural Sciences 1956-67 and organised the selection and tuition of scholars and undergraduates with his accustomed efficiency; Governing Body served on various committees. he was Steward from 1955 to 1959 and as a member of the Official material relating to the latter is held in the College Archives. Kendrew’s annual reports to the Master of Peterhouse during the tenure of his Research Fellowship 1947-53 give succinct and interesting accounts of his developing research and of the early growth of the MRC Unit. They are included at C.27. Information about Kendrew’s appointments at Peterhouse is at R.8, NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 138 CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY Teaching and curriculum record. Notes of graduate supervision fees paid to Kendrew 1950-68, kept R.G. as P.A. Parrish, Bretscher. R.A. Crowther, P.J. Pauling, H.E. Huxley, J.D. Watson, C.L. Nobbs, include Names correspondence Brief subject suggested by J.W.S. Pringle and J.A. Ramsay. in Part I of Natural biology" cell papers 1959-60 and on proposed Sciences "Half Tripos, Committees E.3 E.4 E.5 of the General departments; Committee scientific members The 1965 as no.4485 of the Cambridge University Reporter. was submitted in October and published in the Chairman was W.A. were E.C. Bullard, J.B. Hutchinson report Deer Board on long-term and the and needs of the J.C. Kendrew. December Copy of published report. and brief correspondence of Papers Management for Biophysical Chemistry and Colloid Science, set up Science after staff and research of in July 1968, G.B.B.M. the Sutherland. the discontinuation of the Department of Colloid to administer the funding, Chairman of the Committee Department. Committee 1968-70 was The on Biological Sciences Sub-Committee, January Visit of U.G.C. the 1970 departments of biology and to discuss problems that may exist at Cambridge." "to learn as much as possible about the activities of 21 Correspondence and material prepared by the "Professorial Group" discussion (Chairman A.S.V. Burgen, group, with but nominated Kendrew. M.F. Perutz was asked to join the Secretary D.F. Barton) for Sub-Committee. NCUAGCS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 139 Electoral and Advisory Boards E.6 Material relating to the following, on which Kendrew served, has been passed to Cambridge University Archives, University Library Cambridge (Ref: KEN. A-F): 1969 1970 1974 1976 1986 Advisory Biophysics Committee on the Plummer Professorship of Elector Computing Service to the Directorship of the University Elector Biochemistry to the Sir William Dunn Professorship of Elector Genetics Advisory Physics to the Arthur Balfour Professorship of Committee on the Plummer Professorship of NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 140 PETERHOUSE Scholarship and Entrance Examinations the time in at a group" held for at aiming separately candidates entrance as a commoner were held in March. These were Examinations exhibition were held in December; for their and marked in common; "King’s Pembroke, Entrance colleges. question. or examinations for those aiming held set the relevant group here was known as the Peterhouse, Colleges. individual scholarship examinations in small groups with papers examinations were usually organised by the and consisted of scholarship and Corpus College, Gonville and Caius, Colleges Christi King’s E.7 scholarship 1959, group Entrance the 1951, standard of questions set and analyses of performance, some with preliminary correspondence and drafts. and exhibition papers comments by Kendrew 1953-57, King’s with most for on performance tables of all candidates in King’s group 1954- Full 57, 1959. Peterhouse entrance examination papers, of performance, 1950-59, 1962, 1963. with notes and analyses E.10 Kendrew’s notes on interviews with Scholarship candidates 1953, 1956, 1958, 1959. 1952, NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 141 Supervision E.11 E.12 E.13 Prizes E.14 Mastership Kendrew’s notes on undergraduates supervised 1947-50. Miscellaneous Peterhouse undergraduates 1962-67. reading lists, correspondence with or about Correspondence on the supervision system at Cambridge, with W.B. Harland 1964, H. Butterfield (then Master of Peterhouse) 1965. suggestions for titles etc. for college prizes, Correspondence, (Tait Prize 1949, Sohan Lal Bhatia Prize in Physiology 1963-66). E.15 Correspondence and papers 1967-68. E.16 Correspondence and papers 1972-73. NCUAGS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 142 EUROPEAN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INTRODUCTION TO SECTIONS F, G AND H European collaboration in research and teaching in molecular biology was a cause to which many scientists devoted themselves from the early 1960s. Kendrew was closely involved with the movement from its first inception, holding major offices in committees, advisory boards and working groups, and, through his participation in many of the similar bodies of the UK scientific consultative establishment, playing some part in the direction of official opinion. Though the detailed history of the movement is exceedingly complex, its outline is simple. It began with the formation of the European Molecular Biology Organisation (EMBO), set up after various preliminaries in February 1964. This was, and remains, a private organisation of scientists working in the field, with Statutes, a Council and an elected membership, aiming to promote research and teaching in Europe by long- and short-term fellowships, summer schools, and collaborative research. courses, were provided by small grants, and, from December 1965, by a major pump-priming proven grant from the Volkswagen Foundation for the three years 1966-68. Funds for these purposes The success of the EMBO programme over this period, and the helpful initiative shown from the earliest days by the Swiss Government, led to a series of intergovernmental meetings and eventually to an agreement to establish a European Molecular Biology Conference (EMBC); the agreement was reached in 1969 by thirteen West European states, their number increased by later admissions to seventeen. The members of the Conference are representatives of governments, not individual scientists, and its principal role is to agree a budget for the scientific programme drawn up by EMBO which is then entrusted with the administration and implementation thereof. In this way the primacy of EMBO's scientific aims is achieved relatively free from international bureaucracy. While the fostering of European excellence in molecular biology by comparatively simple low-cost means such as fellowships and courses had not met documents it is clear from the very earliest really serious opposition, with that the establishment of a major research institute or laboratory had always NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 143 been part of the plan and that this project was especially dear to Kendrew himself. It was written into all the manifestos and proposals, a Laboratory Committee with Kendrew as chairman was in being from 1964, a proportion of the Volkswagen grant was earmarked for feasibility studies and the EMBC budget included from the first a provison for laboratory working-groups. It is equally clear that the laboratory project was regarded as highly controversial, as (especially continuing high and costs governments because its of by presented in its first and grandiose form), and by many scientists and members of EMBO itself who disliked and saw no necessity for the concept of a large international institution which might cream off gifted researchers from national centres of excellence. The Laboratory proposal had to be soft- pedalled at the intergovernmental meetings, the plans themselves were scaled down, in Britain many high-level debates continued to show reluctance to admit the necessity for such an institution, and not all the members of EMBC were able to afford a contribution to the cost. Nevertheless the tenacity of the proponents of the laboratory scheme was rewarded when in May 1973 the Agreement was signed by ten of the thirteen EMBC states establishing the European at for (EMBL). By that date a site had been agreed Molecular Biology Laboratory Heidelberg, with temporary accommodation at other institutes in the town, plans collaboration with the “outstations" at Hamburg and Grenoble which offered Advisory special Committee had been set up in October 1971 to establish a programme of research. where 1974 the Secretariat of EMBO as well as of EMBL moved to were well advanced and a Provisional Heidelberg facilities Scientific In they maintain separate offices under the same roof. The laboratory was formally opened in 1978. The material relating to all these organisations which is preserved here is of historical interest for its content and also for its provenance. It consists of letters, memoranda, reports and drafts covering twenty years from the earliest informal discussions by groups of molecular biologists to 1982 when Kendrew’s service as the first Director-General of the EMBL came to an end. The staple is Kendrew's own carefully-preserved accumulation of files: he was a founder member of EMBO, served on its Council 1963-71 and 1975-77 and as its Secretary-General 1969-74; he was Secretary-General of the EMBC 1970-74 and Project-Leader 1971-74 then Director-General of the EMBL. He was’ thus uniquely placed at or near the centre of the developing project. In addition, Professor Jeffries Wyman, also a founder member of EMBO, its Deputy Chairman and first Secretary-General 1963-69, has made over his own papers and correspondence on the subject for incorporation. There is also a considerable NGUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 144 amount of material of Max Perutz, the first Chairman of EMBO and a prime mover in the early meetings and the negotiations for the vital Volkswagen grant and the intergovernmental meetings; and there are letters, carbons or photocopies exchanged between most of the founder members of EMBO who were all leading scientists working for the encouragement of European collaborative research in the intervals of active laboratory life. The early history of EMBO and of the "Swiss Initiative" leading eventually to EMBC are thus very well documented in almost every aspect by original material. The records of the early history of EMBL are unique because of Kendrew's special commitment to the project; they include the preparatory studies carried out under EMBO and EMBC and also the building, research programmes and administration of the laboratory itself. Some of the political dimension of the project as it affected Britain can be traced in the papers of the Royal Society's International Relations Committee, the Council for Scientific Policy and less extensively of the Medical Research Council. Developments in other European member states can only be glimpsed in correspondence with colleagues and there is no official intergovernmental material as such. The abundance of material has made it expedient to present it in separate sections for the Organisation EMBO (Section F), the Conference EMBC (Section G) and the Laboratory EMBL (Section H), each of which has its own introduction in some ways an artificial distinction and that - especially with the and list of contents. It is of course acknowledged that this is earliest material topics and when meetings and membership of committees were arranged to coincide is some overlap when correspondence may range over several there - and remain interlinked in a careful system of checks and balances. Nevertheless it has a justification both in chronology and, later, in separate legal identities. The EMBO material remains primarily the continuing story of a private scientific organisation traceable from 1963; there is some overlap through scientists and scientific administrators in Switzerland leading to the political decision to establish EMBC: the first surviving document here is of July 1964. Both these organisations were obviously continuously involved with "starting project and it is much more difficult to assign a the laboratory date" for EMBL when scientific, political and administrative considerations were, sometimes uneasily, combined. The choice has been made of 1971, when Kendrew was appointed Project Leader, a Provisional Scientific Advisory Committee was set up to decide a research programme and a Building Committee NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 145 was established to determine site, specifications and choice of architect. Every effort has been made throughout to avoid or minimise overlap and cross-references have been provided whenever they seemed useful. The success of EMBO in weathering financial storms, bureaucratic takeovers and political indifference over so long a period, maintaining its own intergovernmental play a significant role developing an in entity and to institution such as EMBC and a major international facility such as EMBL is generally agreed to be largely due to the close network of distinguished scientists who knew and trusted each other as colleagues and friends. On a practical sections this level are letters exchanged with varying degrees of informality. means that many of the early documents in all three Many are in longhand, or have manuscript additions and afterthoughts. Not all are dated, including many from J. Wyman; not all are signed, including many of the carbon copies from M.F. Perutz; these have been assigned a place and provenance from their content. It should also be remembered that the MRC Unit at Cambridge was Kendrew’s base until 1974 and that much of the work of EMBO, EMBC and EMBL emanated from there, as well as letters on the unmistakable pink copy paper apparently favoured there during the 1960s from the leading members of its staff (S. Brenner, H.E. Huxley, F.H.C. Crick, A. Klug in addition to Perutz and Kendrew) who were founder or very early members of EMBO and its committees. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 146 SECTION F EUROPEAN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY ORGANIZATION (EMBO) F.1-F.232 INTRODUCTION EARLY HISTORY y o .l -F 9 Preliminary meetings and correspondence 1963 y o .LO-F. 15 Formal constitution and stat utes A .16-F. 33 Relations with other organis ations y o .34-F. 42 Policy document m o s .43-F. 56 .O7-F. 60 Funding Miscellaneous correspondence MEMBERSHIP COUNCIL F.61-F. 77 F.78,F. 79 Nominations and elections Circulars and lists 1963-82 1964-75 F.80 -F.118A Correspondence and meetings F.119-F.127 Membership and elections F.128,F.129 Minutes and circulars 1964-80 1963-74 1963-81 FUND COMMITTEE F.130-F.132 Membership F.133-F.140 Correspondence and papers F.141-F.149 Fellowship applications F.150 Minutes 1965-74 1964-74 1964-74 1965-73 NCUACS 11/4/89 J. Cc. Kendrew 147 COURSE COMMITTEE F.151-F.153 Membership 1965-74 F.154-F.167 Correspondence and papers 1965-74 F.168 Minutes and circulars 1966-69 LABORATORY COMMITTEE F.169-F.208 Meetings, correspondence and papers 1963-73 ADMINISTRATION F.209,F.210 Appointments F.211-F.215 Finance and accounts F.216-F.220 General administrative correspondence SYMPOSIUM COMMITTEE F.221-F.228 Correspondence and papers 1974-81 F.229 Minutes 1974-80 MISCELLANEOUS F,.230,F.231 Press releases, articles, comments 1963-71 F.232 Annual reports 1966-81 NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 148 INTRODUCTION The earliest surviving documents (F.1) are dated January 1963. References in the correspondence, and Kendrew's later letter of 1971 included in the same folder, mention informal discussions in Geneva and Washington at the end of 1962 in which Kendrew, J.D. Watson, and V.F. Weisskopf took part and L. Szilard played a leading role. (Szilard's early involvement and strong encouragement of the project were subsequently commemorated in the Szilard Library at EMBL. See F.47, H.48, H.54, H.312). At this early stage, throughout and indeed considerably later than 1963, of a central organisation and institute in Switzerland on the model of CERN was the possible establishment envisaged. The project was often referred to as CERB (the biological equivalent of CERN); other names and acronyms were European Fundamental Biology Organisation (EFBO) and European Biological Organisation (EBO). The crucial preliminary meeting, and the first attended by Perutz (later first Chairman of EMBO) was at Ravello in August 1963 (F.4-F.7). Here of the future shape of the organisation was determined, much purposes of funding research fellowships and courses and the establishment of a notably the two research institute. A provisional executive committee was appointed and met (F.8, F.9), suggestions for membership were requested (F.60, F.61) and the constituent Council meeting was held in February 1964 (F.80). This, like most of the early meetings, was held at CERN; links with Switzerland continued through close E. Kellenberger and others) and the encouragement of the Swiss government. relationships personal with scientists (Weisskopf, The first Council meeting ushered in a period of great activity, all well documented: of EMBO’s the drafting of a constitution (F.10-F.15), the formalisation and aims (F.34-F.42) and the assuring of funds - EMBO is elective is there bound up with the problem of EMBO’s relations with, no subscription or entrance fee. The funding problem was closely or independence of, other organisations, some of which, it was thought, were too narrowly confined by national boundaries or limited scientific aims, while others such as_ the Council of Europe or UNESCO entailed the slower pace and political ramifications of international bureaucracy. Some of these negotiations are documented aide-memoires and notes of meetings or discussions for private circulation. correspondence and reports and (F.16-F.33) through also through In NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 149 the event EMBO kept its independence and launched its scientific programme to a three-year grant from the Volkswagen Foundation (F.43-F.49) which, thanks together with the diplomatic efforts of the Swiss government, saw it through to the signing of the intergovernmental agreement to provide financial support. All these administrative and financial matters, and the continuing negotiations with the Swiss government, necessitated relatively frequent meetings of Council in 1964 and 1965 as well as private discussions or attendance at meetings which were reported to Council members by postal circular. The papers and correspondence for these early meetings are of considerable interest in tracing the growth of EMBO through the efforts and personal connections of its founder members. Although the rules of EMBO prescribe that the Council should meet "not less than once a year, normally in January or February", this steady state The movement towards the establishment of the Conference site and funding of and the protracted negotiations for the existence, was rarely achieved. scope, the Laboratory all required special meetings, the setting-up of working groups and the preparation of reports and position papers. From 1966 the Council papers should be consulted in conjunction with those relating to the EMBC material in Section G. EMBO's scientific programme was implemented through the Fund Committee which received and evaluated applications for short- and long-term fellowships and which met for the first time in November 1965; the Course Committee which first met formally in July 1966; and the Laboratory Committee which had its first meeting jointly with the World Health Organisation in May 1964. Full records of all these committees are preserved here from their founding documents up to 1974. records of the Laboratory Committee are of The of Kendrew'’s special involvement with it (he was its chairman from its reception until 1969) and because of the lukewarm and even hostile particular interest because inception which the project encountered from scientists and politicians. It met less regularly than the other EMBO committees and its main task was to prepare proposals and costs for submission to EMBO members, to the Volkswagen Foundation, to the intergovernmental meetings and to the European Molecular Biology Conference. A major proposal devised in 1967 (F.171-F.182) submitted to the second intergovernmental meeting of January 1968 where was the NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 150 agreement was reached to provide, initially for five years, resources for the EMBO programme. The cost of this first laboratory scheme was considered excessive and an important meeting of EMBO members and other scientists was held in November 1969 at Konstanz; here the scientific programme was revised and working parties were set up for each of the specific activities agreed as most appropriate for an international laboratory (F.190-F.194). The revised proposal (F.195, F.196) was published in February 1970 and discussed at the first plenary session of EMBC in April 1970. It was accepted in principle and the Conference set up its own working parties in November 1970 to consider specific aspects of the laboratory; these are documented in Section G. In addition to these three original committees, special EMBO committees were set up from time to time. Of these, the Symposium Committee is documented (F.221-F.229) from its inception in 1974 until its absorption in the Course Committee in 1980. The ad hoc Committee on rDNA which was set up. Council in January 1975 was established as a Standing Advisory Committee by in January 1976. Its recommendation at its first meeting in February 1976 that a containment laboratory be set up within the framework of EMBL led to the development of the "P4" facility. All the material relating to the containment laboratory, including papers preceding and relative to the EMBO Committee, are in Section H. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 151 EARLY HISTORY PRELIMINARY MEETINGS AND CORRESPONDENCE 1963 Geneva 28 March laboratory Correspondence and papers, January - March, on plans for proposed international by scientists to Weisskopf. be No agenda or note of discussions are included; those invited included J. Monod, C.H. Waddington, A. Engstrém, H. Friedrich-Freksa, M. Delbruck, E. Amaldi, A.A. Buzzati-Traverso, L. Cavalli-Sforza. Includes Kendrew’s notes of costings, and meeting held at approached. chaired CERN Waddington’s C.H. objections continued to be made throughout the ensuing decade. March outlines centralised letter idea the of to of 11 a many of the which laboratory included Also Szilard Szilard's part in them. which in here is correspondence 1971 with a biographer Kendrew outlines the early discussions of and F.2, F.3 Geneva 28 June F.2 F.3 Correspondence April - June on arrangements for of participants, matters for discussion. meeting, choice presented Draft and final "Record of Discussion on Molecular Biology ... papers international Waddington’s non-centralised EBO), comments by M. Delbruck. laboratory of molecular biology in "European Biological ", an CERB, Organisation" (Kendrew's "Proposal meeting Europe" for at F.4-F.7 Ravello 16-17 September during its summer course. meeting was held at the invitation of the The Society papers were further discussed and the EMBO was set Perutz), with a Laboratory Organization Subcommittee" (Chairman: Buzzati-Traverso). provisional executive committee Physical Waddington together a "Federal (Chairman: and The Kendrew and subcommittee (Chairman: Kendrew) Italian up, a NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 152 F.4 Correspondence February - August with organisers of meeting colleagues; discussions of proposals. and participants, invitation, proposed includes Correspondence July draft proposals, and French representation at meeting. with Szilard and August - Waddington re Correspondence meeting. October on Kendrew’s draft summary of the of Summary annotated agenda of meeting, proposals, ms. notes by Kendrew. proceedings of meeting, October, lists of participants, comments on Kendrew, by 29 Provisional Executive Committee, Brussels 12 December meeting This chairman by EURATOM. was organised by Buzzati-Traverso as The expenses were defrayed acted who in the absence of Perutz. Correspondence J. Wyman, October - December. Participation in French cancer research proposal, WHO EMBO of proposal, invitations and nominations. meeting, Agenda formal January 1964. of minutes), Wyman's account of meeting (there were continuing correspondence December 1963 February 1964 the EMBO Council had its first meeting. In papers and correspondence for that and subsequent meetings 1964-80. See F.80-F.118 FORMAL CONSTITUTION AND STATUTES no - for a for Perutz, Drafts Kendrew, first lawyers drafts meeting in July 1964. drawn up. were prepared by and presented to the international further Council of constitution and regulations Kellenberger and Wyman, EMBO Council in February 1964. Firms in Belgium and Switzerland were approached and the Swiss firm was chosen at The F.10 Correspondence on choice of lawyer. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 153 F.11 F.12 F.13 Manuscript notes and drafts, some dated January 1964, by Kendrew and others. Draft submitted by Belgian lawyers, with a little correspondence and comments, April - June 1964. Drafts drawn up by Swiss lawyers, by Kendrew and Perutz, June - September 1964. with annotations and comments F.14 Final versions of Rules and Statutes (English and French). F.15 Correspondence registration of EMBO in Switzerland (12 July 1964), drafts amendments of constitution, February 1964 - September 1965. members of EMBO and with Swiss lawyers with re and RELATIONS WITH OTHER ORGANISATIONS towards numerous movement scientific initiatives, national and some international. The produced some several detail. order forward concurrently, making the story a complex one. 1960s semi-private, with of for convenience, in chronological though in fact meetings and negotiations were often going these which are documented in They are presented, EMBO was involved some private or co-operation varying degrees the in of to a similar Attention is also drawn (F.169, initiative an international health research centre, to which reference is made in the correspondence. Health Organisation K.118 and K.119), World set the up by to F.16-F.26 UNESCO, ICRO, ILSI 1963-68 to 1962 IGRO, in programme proposed Control Processes" (F.16). the International Cell Research Organization, was founded Biology Kendrew was and as "convenor" on its "Panel 1, as supported by UNESCO's funds. Molecular Biology serve was consultant UNESCO Cell and to of Belgian and foreign scientists under the auspices ILSI, the International Life Sciences Institute, was set up by a group of P.B. Medawar the Princesse Liliane Foundation. were whose scope and aims were very similar to those of EMBO. Its first meeting was in November 1963 (F.17). among those closely involved in the plan, J. Brachet and NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 154 held, similarity in many respects between EMBO and ILSI The to consideration of a merger of interests via UNESCO which provided Several meetings some administrative and financial assistance. were a "Study on the present needs for international cooperation in the basic biological sciences" (F.25). not and to to for intergovernmental support. EMBO however preferred become absorbed into a global institution of such scale an "Expert Committee" was set up to prepare "European" maintain search links led the its and in F.16 May, September - December 1963. F.17 Information programme, budget etc. about ILSI, constitution, governing board, F.18 December 1963 - February 1964. March - April 1964 Includes aproach to UNESCO, London (April). notes of discussions in Belgium and F.20 May - June 1964 Arrangements May, "UNESCO Experts" in London 5 June. by UNESCO, document draft and notes of meetings Brussels 3 May, meeting of working London group 28 of July - September 1964 UNESCO and other similar organisations in matters EMBO UNESCO) Includes extract from EMBO Council meeting (financed by affirming Council's "intention to maintain complete independence of both of policy (Perutz, Kendrew) and ILSI (Medawar, Theorell, de Duve) London 22 July at Medawar reported readiness of ILSI to negotiate agreement which with UNESCO EMBO, up; correspondence, minutes etc. administration", Committee meeting Expert with and and was set of F.22 November 1964 - January 1965 of UNESCO Expert Committee 19 October (official two separate private accounts by Wyman) and Minute correspondence Meeting and arising. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 155 F.23 March 1965 sets out clearly the objections both to letter to Correspondence of Perutz with Brachet and with MRC; clinically Brachet a oriented scheme and to a broad international scheme; the letter to MRC on general aims of EMBO was written for MRC Sub-committee meeting. meeting (hostile to the laboratory) for EMBO Council members. Perutz’s report included Also the on is F.24 April - October 1965 Meeting of UNESCO Expert Committee 17 September and its report. of report, correspondence and comments from 1966 Final colleagues. copy 1968 CERN 1964 Miscellaneous correspondence with F. Jacob, V.F. Weisskopf. French Cancer Research Proposal 1964 Miscellaneous correspondence with F. Jacob, A. Haddow. F.8. See also F.29-F.32 COUNCIL OF EUROPE 1964-66 Council’s Committee for Higher Education and Research concerned since 1963 with projects for combined had The been research. Its Study Group included molecular biology for discussion at its meetings at The Hague June and Aarhus October Strasbourg March deemed unnecessary in view of the negotiations by the Swiss Government to convene an intergovernmental conference. See memo. at F.32. Further action March 1964, 1966. 1965 and was F.29 April - November 1964, discussions at The Hague and Aarhus. correspondence and papers, meetings and F.30 January 1965 - January 1966 NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 156 F.31 F.32 Interim January - June 1965 between Perutz and A. Frank Correspondence "International on Cooperation in Biology", including comments on meetings and EMBO affairs. Committee discuss Science on to Council of Europe "Note on Council of Europe action in the field of molecular biology" summarising negotiations. Reports Biology". of Interim Committee on "International Cooperation in F.33 EUROPEAN CELL BIOLOGY ORGANIZATION (ECBO) 1968-72 representatives at meetings Correspondence and papers re setting-up of ECBO, EMBO foundation plans. (J. Brachet, statutes, meeting, comments by ECBO on nominations of M.G.P. Stoker), Laboratory G.113 for later discussions on relations between EMBO and See ECBO. POLICY DOCUMENT and and courses history, booklet. advanced scientific French and philosophy in April 1966 as a 36pp. made available in English, German, The "Document", out was published of EMBO’s research fellowships, grants, the case for a European laboratory of molecular biology, the EMBO Statutes and Rules were also and financial estimates; of the material had been prepared and agreed included. to June by grant coincide which (made further enabled studies of the laboratory project, to go ahead. 1965 with the formal announcement of the December 1965) from the Volkswagen three-year Foundation publication of the It set programme and teaching fellowship programme, sessions, booklet Drafts timed study was and but in the booklet was an important element - hence the "Policy The Government's Document" initiative to launch an intergovernmental meeting leading to the establishment of the European Molecular Biology Conference. applied to it - in the Swiss generally name of of Fundamental August 1963; a corporate version agreed by members of the EMBO The document, Council, drew very largely on the early "Proposal for a European C.H. Organisation the Waddington of "Draft EMBO March 1965 by A.A. Buzzati-Traverso (F.34) and "Policy for drafts Research version were assembled and circulated by J. Wyman and the final to Kendrew who supervised arrangements for translation and sent printing. were for Operation and Activities of EMBO Fund" Biology" other source materials of May 1965 by J. Monod (F.35). Proposal Kendrew Grants" and The by NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 157 F.34 and Waddington’s Kendrew's Traverso’s paper March 1965 (Perutz's copy with ms. and comments) ; heavily rewritten by him. revised version by Wyman; Buzzati- corrections Kendrew's copy, very August paper, 1963; Manuscript mainly by contribution on policy on research grants. and typescript drafts for sections of the Wyman and Kendrew, but including J. Monod’s document, draft Later heavily corrected manuscript and typescript draft. duplicated Two (one in Perutz’s hand). typescript drafts with manuscript corrections and Papers draft and correspondence arising. correspondence May - July 1965 on by Wyman to EMBO Council members 20 May, circulation their of comments with manuscript note by Wyman "Final draft Final sent to JCK end of June for printing. Ch.4) covering letter by Wyman, June 1965. was translated by Jacob and is to be document as This (with version C. of a printed". With July 1965 - May Correspondence circulation of printed version etc. of of mentions a possible site at Nice for the EMBO laboratory. 10 August refers to the delay in publication at the the Volkswagen Foundation; his letter to Wyman 4 May translation, Jacob request 1966 Kendrew's letter to French 1966 on June 1965 - July 1966 re design and printing of Correspondence booklet. Copy of booklet. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 158 FUNDING EMBO formal Several after the successful Volkswagen December programme negotiations papers at F.43-F.49. initiatives in the search for funding were made in 1964 first most of these approaches in quantitative terms was to the Foundation which agreed a grant of in EMBO The the This enabled the for fellowships and courses to prove its value. and terms of the grant are well documented in 1965 for three years 1966-68. DM.2,748,000 meeting. Council The came Although the VW grant was crucial, there were other smaller sums which to survive administratively and start its fellowship programme on a small of individual members of EMBO and are presented at F.50-F.54. These usually resulted from the good offices in betimes in 1964 and helped the infant scale. EMBO F.43-F.49 Volkswagen Foundation F.43 February - March 1964 H. Friedrich-Freksa with first suggestion of Perutz’s circular giving includes letter (photocopy) to approach by replies Mainly estimates to put to VW Foundation; from vw. EMBO Council to March - September 1964 Includes note of meeting 22 March with VW representatives. F.45 March - September 1965 Includes 1965. copy of original grant application sent to VW June F.46 October - November 1965 Continuing negotiations, amended application. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 159 F.47 November - December 1965 3 December. Papers and correspondence for special meeting with VW to discuss Includes Wyman’s memorandum terms of application, VW meeting and his annotated papers and copy of letter from on December heads 10 of four 2. Fellowships; expenditure: and 3. Courses planning the setting-up of a central laboratory. a basis for a decision in principle 1. Administrative costs; 4. Costs relating to studies on and workshops; confirming grant. This covered work as N.B. Wyman’s memorandum refers to information from R. Kerschner of VW that "Volkswagen's interest in EMBO was originally aroused by a telephone call from Szilard just after the Ravello meeting. It to us." this which led to the original Volkswagen approach was F.48 1966 Mainly arrangements for administering grant. F.49 1969-72 correspondence on final spending of VW grant. Later here A report Volkswagen Foundation on the utilisation of the grant." is a copy of "EMBO Activities 1966-68. Included the to Research Council of Israel 1964-66 Various were request of E. Katchalski. donations made to the fellowship fund at the F.51 Interpharma 1964 A donation of S.Fr.42,000 was made through the good offices E. Kellenberger. of F.52 Amis de 1’Université de Strasbourg 1964 donation A C. Sadron. of $1000 was made through the good offices of F.53 International Laboratory of Genetics and Biophysics 1964 Support for two fellowships, arranged by A.A. Buzzati-Traverso. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew F.54 Sweden 160 1965 Support for A. Engstrém. two EMBO fellowships (for 1966) arranged by F.55, F.56 Other miscellaneous approaches F.55 Ford Foundation 1966 F.56 National Institutes of Health, Bethesda 1966-69 MISCELLANEOUS CORRESPONDENCE F.57, F.58 every effort has been made to assign a specific place While correspondence because occasionally They are retained here in chronological order. to a few escape classification usually of EMBO, concerns. they deal with several topics in the affairs because they are peripheral to its main and papers, F.57 1964 1965 F.59, F.60 for information about EMBO, Requests science journalists and editors, some with suggestions for collaborative research or for projects to be undertaken by EMBO. from scientists, 1964. Science etc. following Council meeting of February 1964. Mainly arising from press release and articles in Nature, 1965-73. EMBO. Similar material, but referring to EMBL as well as NCUAGS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 161 MEMBERSHIP NOMINATIONS AND ELECTIONS 1963-82 to the (F.61). meeting of EMBO. Executive Committee Provisional Perutz asked become members biologists of These were presented for consideration After European Chairman suggestions for membership from the founder members and scientists the Council (F.62-F.68). of Statutes and Rules, associate The constitutes Should the consulted in the early years of the circulars preserved at F.78. the Ravello meeting it was decided to invite some 100-200 as for leading at issued With the formalisation of EMBO and the drawing-up the procedures for election of ordinary, established. and EMBO. are hence the importance especially Assembly by post by Council; General Assembly and supreme Council members were more in February 1964 and the General invitations nomination membership organ of convened, and election members has powers of and closely not be F.61 F.62 membership, Perutz'’s circular letter 1 November 1963 requesting for Katchalski, Sadron, Maaloe, Chantrenne and others. suggestions E. C. F. Lipmann, A.A. Buzzati-Traverso, 0. H. replies L.L. Cavalli-Sforza, H. Friedrich-Freksa, C.H. Waddington, E. Kellenberger, A.M. Liquori, A. Engstrém, G.N. Cohen, F. Jacob, with from Final lists of original membership compiled by Kendrew; Perutz'’s letter Council meeting. of invitation to members, sent after copy of first F.63-F.67 Letters of acceptance of membership, programme or scientific news. some with comments on EMBO (several hostile to laboratory) or including personal F.63 A-C F.64 D-J F.65 K-O F.66 P-S F.67 T-Z F.68 Letters 1964 declining membership. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 162 F.69 Election of Associate Members 1965-74. F.70-F.72 General correspondence on nominations, and elections for membership 1964-82. recommendations, ballots F.70 1964, 1966-68 F.71 1969-70 F.72 1971-75, 1981-82 Letters of acceptance of membership, 1969-74. F.74-F.77 Papers and correspondence 1972-74 re new procedure for aimed membership scientists working in new fields. enlarging EMBO include at to of election younger Correspondence for discussion at Council meeting November 1972, circular to members and selected comments by them. procedure prepared drafts new and on Election of Nominating Committee 1972-73. was S. Brenner, Chairman was N.K. Jerne. M. Eigen, F. Jacob, The final membership G. Klein, M. Sela and the Correspondence with nominated 1974, 1975. scientists requesting their consent to be Correspondence Committee and other EMBO affairs. with 1974 N.K. Jerne on work of Nominating CIRCULARS AND LISTS F.78 F.79 Miscellaneous circulars to EMBO members 1964-75. Membership lists. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 163 COUNCIL CORRESPONDENCE AND MEETINGS 1964-80 F.80 2 February 1964, Geneva This was the first formal meeting of Council. included relations with other organisations, registration. membership, elections to constitution, Matters discussed funding, Folder press releases, minutes. and discusses " ‘Fundamental and Biology’ might be better from that point of view". includes correspondence preceding and following meeting, Perutz’s circular letter of 28 January that feels " 'Molecular presumptuous" organisation proposed Biology’ name of is F.81-F.83 12 July 1964 Comment by Council members April-May on proposal transmitted that part of French Government's Cancer Fund might F. Jacob channelled via EMBO to support research in French laboratories. by be Agenda, circulars, arrangements, memoranda, minutes. Correspondence with members June-July. F.84, F.85 2 February 1965 Agenda, circulars, memoranda, minutes. Correspondence, September 1964 - February 1965. discussion notes, correspondence with members F.86-F.88 8-10 May 1965 Reports by Council members on developments in molecular biology, and attitudes to EMBO, in their countries. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 164 F.87 Circulars, draft minister Burckhardt). note on memoranda, minutes, heavily-corrected draft minutes, Swiss developments" (meeting "Further with Correspondence with members March-April. F.89, F.90 15 January 1966 Agenda, memoranda, circulars, minutes. Correspondence with members and others July 1965 - January 1966. F.91, F.92 14 January 1967 Agenda, minutes. arrangements, Perutz’s notes, Wyman’s notes of meeting, Correspondence Laboratory project, intergovernmental meeting). - May 1967 June 1966 (elections to Council, F.93-F.96 21 January 1968 Agenda, memoranda, circulars, minutes. Perutz'’s Council members’ replies. circular on Draft Arrangements for Conference, and Correspondence December 1967 - March 1968. Invitations, acceptances and arrangements. F.97-F.99 12 January 1969 Agenda, circulars, minutes and correspondence re minutes. Correspondence October 1968 - February 1969. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 165 F.99 Invitations, travel arrangements. this meeting At Secretary-General, respectively. F.100 1 June 1969 Perutz and Wyman resigned as President being replaced by M. Eigen and and Kendrew Meeting European Molecular Biology at CERN on 2 and 3 June. preparation for Interim held the in Conference of Agenda, papers, minutes, correspondence, travel arrangements. F.101 26 November 1969 Konstanz Meeting meeting on laboratory plans. held at preceding immediately (See also F.190-F.194.) discussion Agenda, papers, minutes, correspondence, Israel membership. F.102, F.103 17 January 1970 F.102 Agenda, papers (revised laboratory proposal, indicative scheme). F.103 Correspondence, travel arrangements. F.104 5 April 1970 Meeting held at CERN preceding meeting of EMBC 6-8 April. Agenda, minutes, correspondence. F.105 28 September 1970 Joint meeting with Laboratory Committee. Agenda, F.197.) circulars, minutes, travel arrangements. (See also F.106 25 & 28 November 1970 Agenda, on et seq.) setting circulars, minutes, travel arrangements, correspondence G.65 up of Laboratory Working Groups. also (See NCUAGS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 166 F.107 26 April 1971 Emergency meeting of Council and Laboratory Committee to discuss choice of site. Agenda, arrangements. circulars, memoranda, minutes, correspondence, travel F.108 11 October 1971 Agenda, for laboratory, papers and proposals, correspondence. circular re setting-up of Scientific Advisory Committee F.109 3 December 1971 Agenda, circular, correspondence, travel arrangements. F.110 19-20 April 1972 A joint Committee, laboratory. to meeting with discuss the reductions Provisional Scientific in budget estimates Advisory for Agenda, circulars, memoranda, papers, correspondence, minutes of meeting and of informal meeting 28 April 1972. F.111-F.113 4 November 1972 Meeting laboratory. (See F.205-F.207.) preceding "Haarlass meeting" on research programme of F.111 F.112 F.113 Agenda, Katchalski memorials), correspondence, minutes. circulars, proposals papers and (A. Tiselius, A. Working party on programme and activities of EMBO after 1974 set A. up Engstrém, J. Wyman, R.K. Appleyard. N.K. Jerne, November meeting; members were the at Drafts November 1972 - May 1973 by several working party members became (includes final text), correspondence re meetings and drafts. heavily-corrected by Kendrew version which Kendrew's party, and replies April 1973 circular to EMBO members on draft report of working NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 167 F.114 12 January 1973 Agenda, minutes, correspondence, travel arrangements. F.115 4 May 1973 Agenda, arrangements. papers and proposals, correspondence, minutes, travel F.116, F.117 12 February 1974 F.116 Agenda, memoranda, minutes of meeting and of informal meeting 20 October 1973, correspondence. F.117 Travel arrangements and correspondence. F.118 10 January 1975 was the last meeting which Kendrew attended as This General, his successor being N.O. Kjeldgaard. set of papers (some annotated), and and to retiring members of EMBO Committees. on elections as officers of EMBO, Secretary- Material includes items Kendrew'’s letters to new correspondence on agenda At N.B. matter of Laboratory setting-up H.102, H.156-H.177. biohazards, design to of an ad hoc Committee on permit hybrid possible the this meeting the Council discussed under Item 14 modifications research, DNA biohazards. See to and the the the H.100- F.118A Miscellaneous matters 1975-80. later correspondence and notes on EMBO Council MEMBERSHIP AND ELECTIONS F.119 and charts Lists Kendrew, indicating duration of service on Council and type of membership (original member ; invited) and extending 1963-90. of Council membership compiled co-opted; elected; by Early (1963) and original Council. lists compiled by Wyman of "EFBO Executive Committee" NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 168 F.120-F.127 Nominations, membership of Council. recommendations and general correspondence on F.120 1966 F.121 1967 F.122 1968 F.123 1969 F.124 1970 F.125 1971 F.126 81973 F.127) 81974 MINUTES AND CIRCULARS F.128 Circulars sent to Council members July 1964 - July 1974. F.129 Minutes of Council 1963-81. NCUAGS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 169 FUND COMMITTEE MEMBERSHIP F.130 1965-74 Correspondence H. Chantrenne (Chairman), Hayes, member. H.T. Witt, 1965-66 on orignal membership of Fund Committee: A.A. Buzzati-Traverso, J.A. Cohen, W. C.H. Waddington was a co-opted A. Engstrém. F.131 Membership 1969-70. F.132 Membership 1971-74. CORRESPONDENCE AND PAPERS 1964-74 material consists of correspondence between members of the The draft reports, budgets Fund Committee and the EMBO Secretariat, and financial estimates, memoranda and papers on meetings of the press Committee, notifications. fellowships, scales, policy salary on F.133 December 1964 - June 1965 Correspondence and EMBO proposal for operation and activities of EMBO fund". mainly with A.A. Buzzati-Traverso re support for "Draft his laboratory (Naples) fellowships his at Correspondence re appropriate salary scales. F.134 August and December 1965 and Papers held in Cambridge 8 November 1965. minutes and memoranda, notes on salary scales. correspondence for and arising from meeting Includes policy paper, draft first F.135 1966 NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 170 F.136 1967 F.137 1968 F.138 1969-70 F.139 1971 F.140 1972-74 FELLOWSHIP APPLICATIONS Includes documents, interview reports, recommendations. letters of application and enquiry, F.141 1964-65 F.142 1966 F.143 1967 F.144 1968 F.145 1969 F.146 1970 F.147 1971 F.148 1972 F.149 1973-74 MINUTES F.150 Minutes 1965-73. 1964-74 supporting NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 171 COURSE COMMITTEE Schools Committee" or the "Committee on Courses". The committee was sometimes known in early correspondence as the "Summer The EMBO "Policy Document" published in April 1966 referred to it as "Committee on Courses" and "Course Committee", form being preferred as from the first formal meeting in July 1966. the latter 1965-74 Correspondence Committee. period of service 1964-71 1965-66 Included here is Kendrew's chart of membership on original membership of Course and MEMBERSHIP F.151 F.152 Membership 1969-71. F.153 Membership 1972-74. of FEBS. Includes co-operation with Course Committee CORRESPONDENCE AND PAPERS 1965-74 courses, material deals with the organisation of EMBO summer schools notes, NATO), and (ICRO, courses organised policy FEBS, by international applications organisations The and collaboration with information others. support, other EMBO for on F.154 March - December 1965 for Arrangements EMBO policy Council drawn up by A. Tiselius (2 copies respectively annotated by M.F. Perutz and Kendrew), and note of meeting. "ad hoc January 1966; includes draft proposals on Meeting on Courses" held by 15 F.155 July - December 1965 EMBO support for "Course on Genetics and Physiology of Bacterial from Naples Viruses", Interpharma grant. Includes information on course. Buzzati-Traverso) met (Director: A.A. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 172 F.156 January - September 1966 and Relations Organisation Societies (FEBS), Experimental Biology and Medicine. co-operation with (ICRO), International Federation of European Cell Research Biochemical F.157 March - December 1966 Policy, paper on "The problem of EMBO courses". course proposals. meetings, Includes R.K. Appleyard'’s F.158 June - September 1966 Proposed conference on spores. F.159 March 1966 - January 1967 support for Oxford University Summer School EMBO Biology and Biophysics. on Molecular F.160 January - October 1967 F.161 May 1968 - January 1969 Immunology workshop by J. Oudin (cancelled). F.162 June 1968 - June 1969 Course held in Greece (some political objections were raised). F.163 November 1968 - July 1969 Lecturers EMBO Council January 1969. scheme, proposed by W. Hayes and agreed by F.164 1970-71 NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 173 F.165 December 1971 - October 1972 Includes from 1975 and renewal of EMBC Agreement. letter from J. Wyman on future policy for EMBO courses F.166 October - November 1972 EMBO support for Aharon Katzir-Katchalsky Memorial Conference. F.167 1974 EEC Sponsored Courses. MINUTES F.168 Minutes and circulars 1966-69. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 174 LABORATORY COMMITTEE MEETINGS, CORRESPONDENCE AND PAPERS 1963-73 F.169 1963-64 and papers. Includes Kendrew's "Notes for on an International Laboratory of Molecular Biology the Correspondence to meeting be held in Geneva under the sponsorship of WHO 1-2 May 1964" and Committee his L.L. Cavalli-Sforza, H. Chantrenne, A. Tissieres membership was and Kendrew (Chairman). See also K.118, K.119. the meeting. Laboratory The EMBO minutes of F.170 1965 for case a European Laboratory Biology". "The Kendrew's draft 29 April 1965 prepared for committee and Council with a few manuscript revisions at request of Swiss government, by M.F. Perutz and J. Wyman. Molecular of F.171-F.182 Laboratory Proposal Document _1967 document was prepared, after consultation with members of The EMBO, for discussion at a meeting of the Laboratory Committee at The material includes correspondence on Nice notes of the the role of the laboratory, which was meeting and of the preparation of the final version, submitted to the EMBC meeting in January 1968. drafts and memoranda, on 23 September. of the notes and documents are by M. Delauche who Several seconded from EURATOM as an assistant on the laboratory in 1967. was project F.171-F.173 a Correspondence with colleagues on research projects replies, to discussions committee meeting. early drafts and comments and meetings, laboratory, analysis central of appropriate of notes preceding F.171 April, May. Research proposals. F.172 June. draft prepared by R.K. Appleyard. Includes notes of meetings and discussions, suggested NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 175 F.173 July, August. Continuing correspondence, drafts and comments. F.174 F.175 F.176 F.177, F.178 F.177 F.178 F.179 draft quoted extensively from the drawn up by Wyman and Kendrew for discussion at meeting. Draft "Policy The and envisaged a series of appendices to be written by document" individual scientists in support of the case for the laboratory. F.H.C. Crick and J. Three See also F.177, F.178, F.184. Monod are included in the folder. of these appendices, by J.A. Cohen, original EMBO "Summary" of Nice meeting, drafts, comments, September. J. Wyman’s notes on meeting, notes, Information various European laboratories sent to budgets colleagues in preparation for final draft proposal. research programmes, laboratory for on costings Kendrew and by Correspondence included. October 1967 - January 1968. re appendices for document, some of which are M. Delbruck, to solution (Appendix on "Control Systems"). Antibody M. Eigen and N.K. Jerne (Appendix on "The complete F. Jacob the B. Hartley, Problem"), C. Levinthal, self-organising CERN and the proposal for a European biology laboratory"). (Appendix on "Organisms V.F. Weisskopf ("The experience H.C. Longuet-Higgins systems"), as of Notes costings, November. of conversations at Cambridge on research space and F.180 Amended draft proposal for laboratory, 69pp, November. F.181 Correspondence November - December, mainly comments on draft. F.182 6-10 are present and there is a further unlisted Annex (N.B. 10 "Annexes" are listed, but 11 Version submitted to EMBC. only by A. Katchalsky. ) NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 176 F.183 1968 General from committee General. J. Wyman to O. Maalge inviting him to become Chairman in view of Kendrew’s move to office correspondence on laboratory matters; includes letter of Secretary- of F.184-F.188 Committee meeting at Linton, Cambridge (Kendrew’s home), 16 March 1969 F.184 F.185 F.186 F.187 Correspondence January - March. the Appendix to proposal document. Laboratory" EMBO by Includes note on "Teaching intended A.A. Buzzati-Traverso at as Papers R.K. Appleyard, proposal. circulated for 0. Maalge meeting, by and Kendrew, Buzzati-Traverso, laboratory on revised Memorandum and minutes of meeting, June, laboratory presented at Interim Conference, June. drafts and circulars March - proposed delegation note on the copy of U.K. including Information on present and future plans for molecular biology in various March meeting. as a result countries, assembled European of F.188 Arrangements for meetings in March and June. F.189 Royal Society Discussion meeting, 21 October 1969 in the European Molecular This was a special meeting to discuss "greater participation U.K. particularly in its proposed laboratory or signals material concern in the scientific world at the laboratory proposal, which immediately scientific some of the papers. was debated and which is referred included in this sequence because it laboratories". Organisation programme "Konstanz precedes meeting" Biology the at to is by and The the and the in M.G.P. Stoker, includes invitation, by Folder by Kendrew, Kendrew, note by C.H. Waddington, Kendrew'’s note of speakers and their opinions, report (apparently pirated) of meeting published in Nature, 224. papers contribution participants, S. Brenner, list of draft NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 177 F.190-F.194 The "Konstanz" meeting was with at was by special biology Konstanz held invitation and was This symposium "to discuss the present and future development of European molecular 1969. laboratory", EMBO Attendance The Laboratory Committee met twice during the meeting, members. groups on genetics, appointed were specific instrumentation scientific programme for a revised laboratory proposal document. At the same meeting Kendrew agreed "to take on the directorship, if the project proved to be good". 27 and 30 November and at the second meeting working reference 27-30 not subcellular computation) to November to prepare a structures, confined cell more (on and a to success of the "Konstanz" meeting was such that it became a the was plans The generic term for intensive research meetings of this kind; similar referred to as "Konstanz II" (F.205-F.207) and there were for a "Konstanz III" (H.147). Heidelberg occasion Haarlass near 1971 in at See C.128, H.345 for Kendrew’s notes on the meeting. F.190 F.191 Circulars, circulated to participants, photograph taken at meeting. lists of participants, invitations, agenda, papers "Notes on Embo meeting Kendrew's notes for his opening remarks; . "including the two meetings of the Laboratory committee, unsigned but by J. Wyman. F.192 Working group on cell genetics. Correspondence and notes, report sent to S. Brenner (Convenor). including comments on working group's F.193 Working group on subcellular structures. Circulars only. F.194 Working group on instrumentation. Correspondence, notes, draft report by H.E. Huxley (Convenor). NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew F.195, F.196 Revised Laboratory Proposal 178 and F.195 F.196 F.197 Correspondence circulation of document December 1969 - May 1970. circulars meetings, and on preparation of revised to Copy Conference as CEBM 70/12E, 76pp., and also of Kendrew’s "Summary 1 of January 1970. new proposals for an international laboratory", submitted February proposal EMBO's 1970, 16 Correspondence and circulars June - September 1970 re meeting of The Laboratory this 28 Hague, was meeting set up. Committee as part of joint EMBO/EMBC meeting at September - 1 October. the Sites Subcommittee of the Laboratory Committee (See also F.105.) At F.198-F.204 Sites Subcommittee as the members A. Tissieres H.E. Huxley, consultants and M. Delauche (November) and additional sites at were with D.C. Phillips, its meeting at The Hague in September 1970 the EMBO Council At a sites subcommittee of the Laboratory Committee with appointed K.C. as 0. Maalge Chairman; and Holmes and C. Weissmann, The H. Zachau subcommittee met and visited possible sites at Munich (October), Karlsruhe CERN a on and Selection 1971, "that the case for the Heidelberg site is by far the considered Meanwhile the official Sites Committee of EMBC, set strongest". own Conference in the up of programme G.74- July G.87.) also recommended the Heidelberg of visits January - July 1971, "Report February (January Sites and in its report February 1971). Heidelberg, secretary. Germany", conducted November Hamburg Its 22 dated site. 1970, 1971 (See its in of by as_ - the laboratory sites Also included is correspondence on various other possible a often for near considerable Geneva like that of CERN had been an early favourite and was not by easily Italy and Austria, nor of a possible French site at Nice (though see F. Jacob's letter at F.202 and also F.40). No records survive here of offers the idea of a which In particular, abandoned. mooted, time. been made site had for See G.87 for other, later suggestions. F.198 correspondence, Sites subcommittee: arrangements for meetings, notes and memoranda on sites visited, report. September 1970 - March 1971. See also G.78. appointment, membership, NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 179 F.199-F.204 Other possible sites for laboratory Greece 1966-70, 1976. made in 1966 and renewed in 1970 of accommodation in part Offer of the "Greek Institute of Basic Biological Research - Alexander correspondence Fleming" Greek colleagues and Lady Fleming with members of EMBO Council, (also a later letter 1976). founded by Amalia Includes Fleming. F.199 1966 F.200 1970, 1976 F.201 Cambridge, 1967-68. Correspondence and memoranda. F.202 Geneva/CERN, 1969-70. Correspondence and memorandum. F.203 Edinburgh, 1970. F.204 Culham, 1970-71 F.205-F.207 "Second Konstanz meeting", 4-7 November 1972. was generally referred to as "Second Konstanz" very was another meeting to discuss the scientific programme of it was held at the Hotel Haarlass, Heidelberg, of The was financed from $15,000 remaining from the Volkswagen It was larger than the previous meeting, and This the Laboratory; but the meeting Foundation grant. like it included invited guests as well as EMBO members. F.190-F.194). successful because first meeting (see F.205 F.206 Correspondence, and final lists. circulars, suggestions for participants, draft December 1971 - November 1972. circulars, Programme, notes on scientific sessions (18pp. meeting in unidentified hand. ms.), manuscript notes correspondence with speakers, Kendrew's on F.207 Arrangements, travel claims, accounts for meeting. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 180 F.208 Membership of Laboratory Committee Miscellaneous 1967-73. brief correspondence, lists of members etc., NCUAGS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 181 ADMINISTRATION APPOINTMENTS - EXECUTIVE SECRETARY F.209 Appointment of R.K. Appleyard with effect from 1 August 1965. (seconded part-time from EURATOM) Correspondence and negotiations July 1964 - August 1965. F.210 Appointment of J. Tooze with effect from 1 June 1973. Correspondence and negotiations, Kendrew’s notes November 1972 - June 1973. FINANCE AND ACCOUNTS F.211 Bank accounts in Brussels and Geneva 1964-68. F.212 F.213 F.214 estimates Financial request with correspondence arising with M.F. Perutz April-May 1967. of first EMBC meeting (April 1967) for EMBO activities 1969-71, prepared at R.K. Appleyard, by Revised replies, June-July 1967. draft as submitted to EMBO Council, with comments and Miscellaneous material on financial situation of EMBO, September 1967 - October 1968. F.215 EMBO Accounts 1964, 1966-70, 1973-80. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 182 GENERAL ADMINISTRATIVE CORRESPONDENCE The correspondence consists mainly of exchanges 1965-73 R.K. Appleyard and J. Wyman, M.F. Perutz and Kendrew. between F.216 1965. Price, Waterhouse as accountants. Setting-up of EMBO office at Brussels, F.217 1966 F.218 1967-68 F.219 1969-70 F.220 1971-73. resignation as Executive Secretary. Includes brief correspondence appointment of on Appleyard’s NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 183 SYMPOSIUM COMMITTEE as a Heidelberg was to help to establish the reputation of the This was set up by Council in February 1974 to organise a series One of the of EMBO Symposia to be held annually in Heidelberg. laboratory aims at the at dissemination of leading research ideas. first organised privately by EMBO outside its general scientific programme under EMBC and therefore relied on independent finance the and first in the laboratory itself, in May 1978, coincided with its formal opening. The first symposium was held in 1975, The symposia were research centre major fees. and and for on At its meeting in January 1980 the EMBO Council agreed that and Symposium responsibilities assumed by the Course Committee; thus incorporated in the general programme were through EMBC. the its the symposia supported dissolved Committee Standing should and be CORRESPONDENCE AND PAPERS 1974-81 F.221 Setting-up and membership of Committee 1974. Organisation meetings, correspondence, press releases or articles. participants, of symposia, fund-raising, lists of Organising programmes, Committee and notes F.222 F.223 1975 1976 Developmental Genetics The Structure and Function of Biological Membranes F.224 1977 Molecular Aspects of Gene Function F.225 1978 Molecular Neurobiology F.226 F.227 1979 1980 Nucleic Acid - Protein Interactions Molecular Biologists Look at Green Plants F.228 1981 Ribosome Structure and Function F.222-F.228 MINUTES F.229 Minutes of Standing Symposium Committee 1974-80. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 184 MISCELLANEOUS F.230 Correspondence information transcripts and manuscripts. mainly with about EMBO, press EMBC and 1963-71 EMBL. on articles Includes and some F.231 Press cuttings, releases, comments 1964-71. F.232 EMBO Annual Reports 1966-81. Catalogue of the papers and correspondenceof Sir John Cowdery Kendrew FRS (b. 1917) VOLUME Il Sections G—-—K by Jeannine Alton NCUACScatalogue no. 11/4/89 NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 185 SECTION G EUROPEAN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY CONFERENCE (EMBC) G.1-G.150 INTRODUCTION EARLY HISTORY G.1 -G.13 "Swiss Initiative" 1964-67 G.14-G.28 Intergovernmental meetings and negotiations 1967-69 G.29-G.35 Signing and ratification of Agreement 1969-70 GENERAL CORRESPONDENCE AND PAPERS G.36-G.55 1969-79 MEMBERSHIP G.56-G.64 1968-76 SUBCOMMITTEES AND WORKING GROUPS G.65 Laboratory Working Group I Role of the laboratory G.66-G.73 Laboratory Working Group II Organisation, structure, administration G.74-G.87 G.88-G.91 Laboratory Working Group III Site of the laboratory Laboratory Working Group IV Financial aspects G.92-G.102 Steering Group of Laboratory Working Groups G.103-G.106 Enlarged legal sub-group G.107-G.114 "Andres" Working Group on future of Conference CONFERENCE AND COMMITTEE PAPERS G.115-G.150 1967-81 NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 186 INTRODUCTION The material here is of special interest in combining the small-scale private exchanges between individual scientists and colleagues with major démarches on an international level, and in showing EMBO members moving willy- nilly into politics and diplomacy and contriving on the whole to carry the day for their scientific causes. The papers on "Early History" are an obvious example, but EMBO’s voice continued to be strongly heard at Conference meetings through its own delegation and through national delegations which normally included at least one EMBO member. The term "Swiss Initiative" is that used in official references and in correspondence for the early moves towards international recognition for EMBO, and rightly so. The Swiss Government had given active help from the beginning (G.1), especially as a biological research institute similar to CERN and possibly sited near it was actively considered. Early encouragement and help came from J. Burckhardt and his successor E. Thalmann of the Swiss Foreign Office, and the first President of the Conference was H. Voirier of the International Organisations Division of the Political Department. CERN itself offered accommodation and administrative help with meetings, including in due course the signing ceremony. The negotiations, even so, were not smooth. The timing of the first approaches to governments had to be delayed during negotiations with the Volkswagen Foundation over the terms of its grant to EMBO (G.3). Membership of the Conference also caused problems. The "Swiss Initiative" was limited to members of CERN, thus excluding Israel despite her active participation in and financial support for EMBO; M.F. Perutz, Chairman of EMBO, was particularly reluctant to accept this as other than a temporary political expedient (G.4, G.11, G.21, G.22) and Israel was elected to membership at the first official Conference (G.36). The Belgian Government declined to participate but eventually agreed to do so via its Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique (G.5, G.28, G.31). A further unexpected delay came from Germany and its demand that German be recognised as an official Conference language; the consequent protracted negotiations endangered the whole project before an amicable solution was reached (G.25). Objections of a different order affected the scope of the meetings. Support for the laboratory proposal was lacking and the discussion at the first meeting was to concentrate on the "Foundation" i.e. financial support for the fellowships and courses (G.8, G.9). In the event, however, EMBO was asked to continue and report on NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 187 its study for a European laboratory (G.17). Political lobbying was a regular feature not only by EMBO members in general (G.7) but especially in Britain where the attitudes to the laboratory and to the need for a new intergovernmental organisation were hostile (G.15, G.22-G.24). Nevertheless two meetings were held and the Conference Agreement was signed on 13 February 1969 (G.29, G.30). The later papers in this Section deal mainly with the continuing negotiations over the laboratory project - complicated not only by international legal requirements and terminology for the Agreement document but by the problems of fluctuating exchange rates and the inflation of the early 1970s - and the self-appraisal required to ensure continuation of the Conference beyond 1974 and then on to 1988. Committee papers 1967-81 have been retained. The presentation rests essentially on Kendrew’s own files with some amalgamation, discarding of duplicates and division of bulky folders into more manageable units. The material is often complemented by the papers of the EMBO Council and Laboratory Committee in Section F. NCUAGS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 188 EARLY HISTORY "SWISS INITIATIVE" 1964-67 G.1 July - December 1964 at F.83) Includes (original authorities also offer of site for laboratory moléculaire) papers aiming at intergovernmental meeting. carbon of E. Kellenberger’s letter of 4 July to Perutz Swiss and the likelihood of “active help by Switzerland"; biologie (Centre européen de continuing correspondence and in Canton de Vaud; "activities" outlining his with G.2 February - June 1965 notes of meetings and telephone EMBO Council of committee to act in matters Correspondence, by appointment negotiation with governments (Engstrém, Wyman), J. Wyman 6 February mentions Kendrew as "first choice from eventual Director" (of any agreed laboratory or institute). conversations, of Kendrew, letter for preparation of “policy document" etc. Kellenberger, Copy of G.3 July - December 1965 during over publication of policy document (and hence of Swiss Delays Foundation, initiative) J. Wyman’'s "Memorandum of conversations at the Swiss Ministry of Foreign Affairs 22 November", decision to embark on organisation of of CERN and therefore excluding Israel at that stage. intergovernmental meeting (limited initially to members See G.4). negotiations Volkswagen with G.4 G.5 Correspondence January - April 1966 mainly with E. Katchalski re Perutz in non-participation particular was reluctant to accept this. of Israel in proposed conference. See also G.1l. Correspondence November 1965 - June 1966 with J. Brachet on EMBO affairs and Belgian participation. G.6 January - March 1966 "Notes on discussions at Swiss Foreign Correspondence, Ministry January 17", letter 31 March announcing Swiss "sondage" of CERN members on proposed conference. Wyman’s NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 189 G.7 March - July 1966 Correspondence from EMBO Council members and others in reply to circular of 30 March requesting active support for meeting among national representatives. May - September 1966 not UNESCO proposals as basis of discussion, Correspondence and papers on replies to Swiss initiative, use of EMBO of request to postpone laboratory proposal governmental attitudes, it "because of discussion". the support necessary to form analysis basis lacks a G.9 September - October 1966 September Mainly replies from EMBO Council members to Perutz’s circular of to 29 "Foundation" to consider members approved. it to the discretion of the possible further developments". discussion limitation conference “leaving meeting other All on of G.10 October - December 1966 Correspondence proposed developments Swiss initiative. and papers, including Swiss "Aide-mémoire" conference, Wyman’'s during the summer", "Memorandum note on UNESCO discussion regarding on EMBO of G.11 by Replies 1967 January circular were: EMBO Council members to Perutz’s circular on membership of conference. The terms of of 24 the "Council of the EMBO, while appreciating the political regard difficulties facing the Swiss Government with to forthcoming conference, nevertheless regards it as essential that Israel any scientific activities which may be decided upon." participate inclusion Israel fully asked the in be of at to G.12 January 1967 held "Notes on discussions at the Swiss Foreign Wyman’s Berne, meeting held in Geneva (CERN) on January 14, correspondence nomination of Kendrew as Secretary-General for conference. and on the [EMBO] representatives January 13, in Council and conference, national Office 1967", notes 1967, on at on NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 190 G.13 February 1967 Arrangements for conference. INTERGOVERNMENTAL MEETINGS AND NEGOTIATIONS 1967-70 G.14-G.20 First intergovernmental meeting, at CERN, 4-6 April 1967 G.14 circulated Documents delegation internationale entrepris en matiere de biologie moléculaire "Récapitulation des efforts de their collaboration Government, including Swiss paper by G.15 March 1967 Perutz’s Britain, at conference. correspondence with colleagues and officials sending EMBO report and trying to enlist U.K. in support G.16 March 1967 Arrangements for meetings preceding conference, correspondence. G.17 April 1967 EMBO and officials Includes Wyman’s "Notes on EMBO Conference", correspondence with press members summarises releases Conference decisions to hold a second meeting (to be convened by draft Swiss a "Arrangement" financial plan and a laboratory proposal. "“Agreement") and invite EMBO to submit up Working Group to "Communication". Government), conference successful outcome, prepare (later This and set on of a G.18 May - July 1967 Correspondence and papers, including arrangements and drafts for Working Group meeting 6-8 June G.19 August - September 1967 on Mainly "Arrangement"; second meeting of Working Group 12-14 September. and includes Appleyard's notes on discussions and on Secretariat, Conference proposals for NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew G.20 Various corrections Appleyard and Perutz, copy of Final Report of Working Group. "Arrangement" drafts with some of 191 by G.21-G.28 Second Intergovernmental meeting, at CERN, 22-25 January 1968 the was but that could hoped various problems Agreement be arose at the It Conference, funding arrangements, the length of time to be covered by any agreement, an and the official signing ceremony did not take place until February 1969 and considerable activity the ending of government contributions. German language of the Conference. was required to ensure interim financing Volkswagen Foundation grant and for the recognition of As a result the between German demand signed start over the the of as G.21 September - December 1967 Correspondence attendance. on arrangements for Conference, Israel G.22 Correspondence, funding, Conference "Arrangement" etc. by France, Germany, U.K. membership, discussion notes etc. Israel on likely reactions Secretariat, to draft G.23 January - March 1968 Conference", Correspondence, notes and papers. EMBO Delegation", alternative to comments and proposals, other miscellaneous correspondence. Includes Wyman's "Comments on British Perutz’s manuscript notes for speech opposing U.K. U.K. text of "Intervention by Conference proposals, relating papers full the February 1968 Correspondence EMBO projects, especially in U.K. on attempts to mobilise political interest in G.25 motes signature Correspondence, the Conference the endangered negotiation simultaneous Conference German. the German demand for the recognition of German as an language. of the Agreement (scheduled for whole EMBO project. This problem led to the postponement and circulars February - October 1968 on official of and and CERN, and French and 1968) After correspondence that, at meetings, accepted May was at as translation should be provided records should be circulated in English, the solution NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 192 G.26 June-December 1968 Correspondence, memoranda etc. mainly on financial situation and arrangements for interim payments to EMBO. G.27 September 1968 - March 1969 Correspondence contacts and scientists. EMBC. etc. with Greek colleagues and Greek participation in on vist to Greece by J. Wyman to encourage EMBO Greek Includes suggestions for EMBO activities by G.28 October - November 1968 Correspondence about Belgian signature of Agreement. SIGNING AND RATIFICATION OF AGREEMENT 1969-70 G.29 G.30 G.31 G.32 G.33, G.34 G.35 Arrangements February) . for meetings and signing ceremony (at CERN, 13 Copy of Agreement, Swiss Government ratification etc. Correspondence February - November 1969 on Belgian participation in Conference via Fonds National de la Recherche Scientifique. Arrangements cover Agreement by signatory states. for Interim Conference (held at CERN 2-3 June) EMBO budget and programme while awaiting ratification to of Mainly acknowledgments of subscriptions by EMBC member countries. arrangements, financial requests for payment, G.33 January - March 1969 G.34 June - August 1969 Correspondence ratification. of Agreement from 2 April 1970. October on Includes formal notification of coming into force - April mainly 1970, 1969 NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 193 GENERAL CORRESPONDENCE AND PAPERS 1969-70 G.36 G.37 G.38 G.39 thanks, At this meeting release. A. Alline H. Voirier three years. press President, The revised laboratory and C. Zelle were elected for first plenary session of Conference, and Kendrew was appointed Secretary-General of at CERN, Arrangements Includes draft agenda, correspondence, letters 6-8 April 1970. was of Vice- elected the Presidents, Conference proposal (see F.195, F.196) was favourably received and a Study Group was at set was its unanimously the may .. . permit Agreement an other contribution to the work of EMBO from its foundation, important Members by acceding to this Agreement after has to Vallotton come in all respects, Kendrew most an friendly international meetings I have ever attended." up to meet in September (G.37) and report to Conference November meeting. approved, (Art.III.2) Full membership of EMBC for Israel in a special clause being included that describes the meeting as "absolutely, In his letter of 10 April to as well as States which have and in addition it was one into force". Conference European enormous success of the become made it E. for States, "the circulars, arrangements Correspondence, participants, September - 30 October. and Laboratory Committee, ad hoc representatives of national scientific institutions. of 29 Meetings include those of EMBO Council of EMBC Study Group on laboratory and with nominations meetings Committee, meeting Finance Hague lists EMBO and for the and at of and papers mainly on financial ad hoc Finance Committee etc. April matters, - 1970 Correspondence contributions, February 1971. 1971 correspondence General and Committee agreement etc. at the Conference meeting in October 1971. Finance draft Kendrew was appointed laboratory Project Leader on EMBC affairs, discussion laboratory, Conference, meetings of of Correspondence service as President of Conference. March - December on extension of H. Voirier's NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 194 1972 G.41 Correspondence April - August, contribution from Italy. on delay in payment of financial G.42 Choice of officers of EMBC. G.43 G.44 G.45 G.46 G.47 G.48 notes Kendrew's Finance Committee 27 June and 5 December and of extraordinary session of Conference 28 June. meetings for and memos and of of 1973 this the signing of the laboratory material relates to meetings of Conference Much of "Bureau", Conference officials, and the Working Group on the continuation of the EMBC Agreement after 1974. This was the "Andres" Working Group, see G.107-G.114. Several of the folders include Kendrew'’s notes on matters under discussion. the agreement, January - February. compte-rendu proposing from possible expansion of EMBC, Working Group. A. R&rsch See G.107-G.111. Papers, correspondence, for Bureau meeting 20 February. working group on and which led to setting up of "Andres" continuation Kendrew’s notes, letter Includes Election of officers of Bureau and of Laboratory Council, Conference (H. Voirier) President with of June. correspondence representatives. - July. February Laboratory President (successor: of letters between Voirier and Kendrew. P. Fasella). meetings, Arrangements Council retirement for Conference, Bureau, as Includes farewell exchange Voirier of H. July - September. Working proceedings, meeting to be held in Greece. Andres Correspondence on Conference and Group meeting, Greek offer Bureau for September. notes, minutes for Bureau meeting 25 September. Arrangements, correspondence, Kendrew’s manuscript NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 195 G.49 G.50 G.52 October - November. 5 December. Correspondence, agenda for Bureau meeting manuscript Correspondence November - December. Kendrew's Committee meeting 5 December at which financial problems of laboratory, losses were discussed. meeting, Finance the of contributions and exchange rates and Conference assessment official papers notes and on on 1974 Correspondence, papers, Kendrew’s manuscript notes December 1973 financial - March matters and exchange fluctuations, held at Heidelberg 30 April. on informal EMBC meeting, mainly 1974 on - July. manuscript mainly nomination of officers of EMBL Council and relationship with for Bureau meeting 3 July and Conference 4 July, Correspondence, Kendrew’s papers, July notes, on EMBC. July - December 1975 Includes Secretary-General of EMBO and EMBC. A. R&rsch on letter from Kendrew’s resignation as 1978-79 Mainly of document on case for continuation. on continuation of EMBC support to 1988, including copy NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 196 MEMBERSHIP Various enquiries and negotiations from individuals or officials on in alphabetical order. applications Conference, presented possible to join G.56 Belgium 1974 G.57, G.58 Eire (admitted 1974) 1969-74 G.57 1969-71. possibility of Laboratory being located in Eire. Preliminary enquiries and negotiations including G.58 1973-74. (from 1974) and for observers to attend meeting in December 1973. for membership application Formal July Finland 1968-76 Hungary (report on visit) 1972 Japan 1973 Portugal 1970 Romania 1972 USSR 1969, 1972 Yugoslavia 1973 NCUAGS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 197 SUBCOMMITTEES AND WORKING GROUPS of study the set up national consisting laboratory meeting Groups in November 1970 the Conference to its At Working membership consultants respectively administration, laboratory. Working report. the groups is included at G.92. four their EMBO study and the the a Kendrew'’s list of the national and EMBO members of all the financial aspects addition a Steering Group was co-ordinate their work and was structure delegates task group. the organisation, There to each role, proposals, prepare two to Groups Their the site, and to for the of of and in LaboratoryWorking Group I. Role of the laboratory Chairman: J.F. Embling G.65 Correspondence, (January 1971). draft papers and memoranda, Report of group Laboratory Working Group II. Organisation, structure and administration Chairman: C. Zelle work of this Group proved particularly The drafts of the "Agreement" were required. in consulted (G.103-G.106). conjunction with that of the arduous many The material should be Sub-group" "Legal and drafts For laboratory in Germany see H.7, H.8. of the "Headquarters Agreement" establishing the G.66 G.67 December 1970 - January 1971. and E.C. Appleyard. minutes first of Correspondence, memoranda, agenda by comments January, 28 meeting March 1971. second with manuscript revisions by Kendrew). meeting 15 March, memoranda, Drafts, of (both comments, summary record draft agreement of 19 February G.68 April - May. Third meeting 11 May, draft agreement of 20 April. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 198 G.69 G.70 G.71 G.72 G.73 Fourth meeting 8 July. May with manuscript revisions by Kendrew, May meeting, summary report draft May - June. 25 11 correspondence. Includes revised draft of summary record of group, working of July - August. August. draft report of working group, miscellaneous manuscript notes. Correspondence, memoranda for fifth meeting 3-4 revised summary record of 8 July of 9 July with manuscript revisions by meeting, Kendrew, Includes summary Comments by EMBC members on revised draft agreement of 4 requested (included session of Conference on 13-14 October. following folder) in as August extraordinary Later revised drafts 22 November, 3 December. Summary May 1972. records of meetings of enlarged working group 2 and 5 LaboratoryWorking Group III. Site of the laboratory Chairman: A. R&rsch the report of the EMBO Sites working group began by establishing criteria for the choice at its first meeting in January 1971 (G.75) the It also visited the two sites near Munich some and a major visit was Group's was The of site (G.74) and, considered Laboratory Committee. after by already uncertainties about the availability of the Heidelberg site attempts made acceptance of the report accepted by the Conference in October. to Heidelberg in July (G.81-G.86) after which the to revive the connection with CERN, Subcommittee Subcommittee recommended visited report site. EMBO and, the The of to See recommendations of the EMBO Sites Subcommittee. F.198-F.204 relating material for the work and G.74 G.75 August working group’s report on criteria for site. January 1970 1971. - Correspondence, memoranda and Papers for first meeting 3-4 January, January 1971. sites EMBO by A. R&rsch Subcommittee group chairman), Interim Report of working group. chairman), comments report, report memo by on including (EMBO working O. Maalge (EMBC NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 199 G.76 G.77 G.78 G.84-G.86 Papers for second meeting and visits to two February - April. of sites visits and meetings, list of participants, second Interim Report of working group, correspondence. Munich (Garching Martinsried), programme near and offers Official for laboratory at Munich-Garching and Munich-Martinsried, details of sites, maps etc. Federal Republic of Germany of sites by - April. 1 This and on visit April. papers was by a the site. Correspondence previous report in February Heidelberg "Second arranged by EMBO Council and its interim report confirmed preferred Federal offer apart from the ones in the Munchen area", the case. observers correspondence, copy of Jerne’s Interim Report. to Working Party" (by N.K. Jerne) as It was hoped that this would "give the German site as proved to be as notes, authorities the opportunity to make an additional A. R&rsch and 0. Brieskorn attended H. Voirier, for EMBC. recommending Heidelberg Kendrew’s includes Folder Personal report by A. R&rsch on the Munich and Heidelberg sites, 15 April. Correspondence on meeting at CERN on possible site April - May. for laboratory adjacent to CERN (not successful); also included is Kendrew’s letter to C. Zelle on possibility of official offer by Germany of Heidelberg site. April - June. Heidelberg of site, list of participants. 12-14 July. Correspondence on EMBC working group’s visit to Includes information on official offer July. Heidelberg site (sent too late to be considered at meeting). Correspondence with H.E. Huxley on his objections to the Summary record of working group meeting at Heidelberg, report on sites. Three facilities, official offer etc. folders material of on Heidelberg, proposed site, NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 200 G.87 Late suggestions for sites October - November 1971. Laboratory Working Group IV. Financial aspects Chairman: A. Alline G.88 G.89 G.90 G.91 Summary record of first meeting 25 February 1971, correspondence second on U.K. meeting May, third meeting 22 June. report of working group contribution, memoranda, Interim summary record after of 4 January - March 1972. and meeting of enlarged working group 15-16 February. Kendrew’s manuscript notes, of meeting. Correspondence and papers on membership Includes statement of U.K. position, minutes October 1972. on "literary, scientific and industrial property". Drafts for working group on financial rules and Drafts 1973. prepared revisions by Kendrew in French and English versions. and revisions suggested by national delegations, substantial meetings Includes March. 27-28 for Steering Group of Laboratory Working Groups The Chairman of this co-ordinating committee was H. Voirier the Secretary was Kendrew. four working groups: Alline. and The members were the chairmen of the C. Zelle, A. Rérsch and A. J.F. Embling, G.92 G.93 G.94 Kendrew’s working groups and steering group. lists of membership, EMBO consultants and duties of 1970 - January 1971. November of nomination of national representatives. November, Steering Group 27 Notes of first informal meeting meetings, timetabling of Agenda and minutes of first meeting 21 April, site for laboratory, interim progress report. correspondence on NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 201 G.95 July - August. meeting 4 August. Correspondence, papers, reports and minutes for Correspondence, notes, reports and December 1971 - March 1972. Includes minutes for meetings 15-16 February and 24 March 1972. Kendrew’s scientific programme and financial problems of laboratory by Kendrew and A. Rérsch. manuscript memoranda notes, and on Papers, Kendrew’s notes for meeting 21 April. Papers, 27 and 29 June. Kendrew’s notes, minutes for meetings 21 April, 24 May, August - September. 5 September. Correspondence, papers, minutes for meeting G.100 October. during Haarlass "Second Konstanz" meeting. Correspondence and memoranda for meeting 7 November G.101 Papers for meeting 7 November. G.102 minutes Kendrew’s report of Steering Group's activities. manuscript notes, of meeting 7 November, Enlarged legal sub-group was set up by the Conference at its extraordinary This 13-14 "Agreement" and to prepare an agreed text for signature. to examine amendments to October 1971, the session laboratory material The meetings, correspondence. includes memoranda, arrangements texts and for meetings, revisions of notes of "Agreement", G.103 1971. Meeting 18-19 November. G.104 1972. Meetings 13-14 January, 24-25 February. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 202 G.105 1972. 25-26 September. Meetings 21-22 April, 16 May, 9 Jume, 22-24 July, G.106 1973. Meetings 27-28 March, 2-3 July. "Andres" Working Group on future of Conference The behalf Agreement. informally An ad hoc working group were to consider the future of the Working Group was set up following an initiative on in May 1973 after the signing ceremony terms of reference of the The of the Dutch delegation by A. R&rsch. the of met working laboratory Agreement group or amended and "scientific discontinued. to philosophy" include other research areas such as Brain and Behaviour (EBBO), Material (EORTC). Cell for not relating affiliation with EMBC, is included at G.112-G.114. whether it should be continued without change, of the discussion bore on the of EMBC and how far its scope might be expanded Research were and Cancer Conference projects, accepted Biology (ECBO) which these Much to The Chairman was E. Andres, referred to as the "Andres Working Group". and the working group is regularly See also G.44, G.47. G.107 G.108 G.109 material January - May 1973. Preliminary RSrsch's letter (original at G.44), for manuscript notes of meeting. meeting in May, informal terms of negotiations, Includes copy of A. arrangements Kendrew’s reference, June 1973. - May report consideration by Andres group at first meeting 2 July). Correspondence on draft terms of reference, (for Behaviour working Brain group and on of October 26-28 September. for second - July Includes Kendrew's manuscript notes, meeting papers by A. R&Srsch "On the philosophy of the enlargement of the scope of EMBC" and B.H. Flowers on "Science and Europe". Correspondence and papers 1973. G.110 Agenda and Kendrew’s notes for third meeting 24-26 October. G.111 of Group meetings, Minutes final further five years (to 1977). text of Conference resolution to prolong Agreement for reports to Conference, drafts and a NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew G.112 G.113 G.114 Training European Correspondence proposal to affiliate with EMBC. Program papers. and in Brain and Behaviour October 1971 - December 203 Research. on 1973 Cell Biology Organisation (ECBO). February 1973 - January 1975 on proposal European papers with EMBC, EMBO. including formal application, Correspondence and affiliate and on relations with to Organization European (EORTC) . on request for financial support from EMBC. Research for on Correspondence and papers March 1972 - December Treatment of Cancer 1973 204 cases NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew CONFERENCE AND COMMITTEE PAPERS English The where only the French or German versions survive. text has been retained except in a very few Some of the documents have notes or revisions by Kendrew. G.115 First intergovernmental meeting 4-6 April 1967. G.116 Conference working group 6-8 June 1967. G.117 Conference working group 12-13 September 1967. G.118 Second intergovernmental meeting 22-25 January 1968. G.119 Ceremony of signing Agreement 13 February 1968. G.120 Interim Conference 2-3 June 1969. G.121 First Plenary Conference 6-8 April 1970. G.122 Ordinary Session 26-27 November 1970. G.123 Ad hoc Finance Committee 1970. G.124 Extraordinary Session 13-14 October 1971. G.125 Ordinary Session 2-3 December 1971. G.126 Finance Committee 1971. NCUAGS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 205 G.127 Extraordinary Session 28-29 June 1972. G.128 Ordinary Session 6-7 December 1972. G.129 Finance Committee 1972. G.130 Ceremony 10-11 May 1973. of signature of Agreement establishing Laboratory G.131 Ordinary Session and Finance Committee 4-5 July 1973. G.132 Ordinary Session and Finance Committee 5-7 December 1973. G.133 Ordinary Session 3-5 July 1974. G.134 Finance Committee 3 July 1974. G.135 Ordinary Session and Finance Committee 11-12 December 1974. G.136 Ordinary Session and Finance Committee 2-3 July 1975. G.137 Ordinary Session and Finance Committee 25-26 November 1975. G.138 Ordinary Session and Finance Committee 28-29 June 1976. G.139 Ordinary Session and Finance Committee 22-23 November 1976. G.140 Ordinary Session and Finance Committee 4-5 July 1977. G.141 Ordinary Session and Finance Committee 5-6 December 1977. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 206 G.142 Ordinary Session and Finance Committee 8-9 May 1978. G.143 Plenary 10-11 October 1978. Working Party to consider prolongation of Agreement G.144 Ordinary Session and Finance Committee 10-12 December 1978. G.145 Ordinary Session and Finance Committee 28-29 May 1979. G.146 Ordinary Session and Finance Committee 19 November 1979. G.147 Ordinary Session and Finance Committee 10 June 1980. G.148 Ordinary Session and Finance Committee 25 November 1980. G.149 Ordinary Session and Finance Committee 2 June 1981. G.150 Ordinary Session and Finance Committee 8 December 1981. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 207 SECTION H EUROPEAN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LABORATORY (EMBL) H.1-H.417 INTRODUCTION AGREEMENTS H.1-H.6 Laboratory Agreement H.7, H.8 Headquarters Agreement THE BUILDING OF THE LABORATORY H.9-H.12 Temporary accommodation in Heidelberg H.13-H.20 Early planning and costing H.21-H.34 Building Committee H.35-H.46 Architects, tenders, plans H.47-H.49 Furnishing and interior design H.50-H.55 Inauguration RESEARCH COMMITTEES AND WORKING GROUPS H.56-H.68 H.69-H.97 H.98 H.99 Provisional Scientific Advisory Committee (PSAC) Scientific Advisory Committee (SAC) Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Working Group Computer Policy Working Group H.100-H.102 Recombinant DNA (rDNA) Committee H.103-H.140 Scientific Purchases Committee H.141-H.151 Workshops RESEARCH DIVISIONS - HEIDELBERG H.152-H.177 Cell Biology H.178-H.182 Biological Structures H.183-H.202 Instrumentation NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 208 OUTSTATION AT DEUTSCHES ELEKTRONEN SYNCHROTRON (DESY) - HAMBURG H.203-H.205 Early History H.206-H.210 Relations with DESY H.211-H.213 DESY Committees H.214-H.217 Staff H.218-H.220 Equipment H.221-H.237 Research OUTSTATION AT INSTITUT MAX VON LAUE - PAUL LANGEVIN (ILL) - GRENOBLE H.238-H. 246 Early History H.247 ILL - EMBL Building H.248-H.254 ILL Scientific Council H.255 H.256 Staff Equipment H.257-H.262 Research RESEARCH PROGRAMMES H.263-H.265 Laboratory Research Programmes 1975-87 SEMINARS, LECTURES, COURSES H.266-H.273 Seminars H.274-H.279 Lectures H.280 Courses VISITORS AND STAFF H.281-H.291 Visitors H.292-H.296 Staff NCUACS 11/4/89 je. Kendrew 209 MEMBERSHIP H.297-H.304 Existing, continuing, proposed new membership ADMINISTRATION e g .305-H.311 Organisation and planning .312-H.318 Committees t c .319-H.324 Finance t m .325, H.326 Staff Association c o c .327-H.333 Miscellaneous .334-H.344 Appointments DIRECTOR-GENERAL’S NOTES AND CORRESPONDENCE H.345-H.358 Notes H.359-H. 367 Kendrew's appointments and career at EMBL H.368, H.369 Personal correspondence H.370-H.377 Director-General’s correspondence FINANCE COMMITTEE AND COUNCIL MINUTES H.378-H.417 1973-81 NCUAGS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 210 INTRODUCTION The year 1971 can reasonably be taken to mark the official start of EMBL since it saw the appointment of Kendrew as Project Leader and the setting up of a Building Committee and of a Provisional Scientific Advisory Committee. Many of the early planning documents in this section nevertheless go back to 1967, as does some of the political and policy material. There is also, obviously, an inevitable overlap with material involving EMBO (Section F) and EMBC (Section G); examples of such are the original proposals for the Laboratory, the working group on choice of site (predecessor of the Building Committee), the Konstanz meeting on the research programme and the subsequent working parties. Many of the EMBL working groups and committees were a continuation of those first set up by EMBO. Kendrew himself took up residence in Heidelberg only from January 1975. That said, it remains the case that the papers in this Section can be seen to be geared to the Laboratory. interest As is with the material on EMBO and EMBC, one of the chief sources of the evidence of long-term planning and thought afforded by of the the early date of many of the documents and letters on all aspects Laboratory history; one could mention the setting up of the Scientific Advisory and specialist Committees, the negotiations regarding the establishment of the outstations at Hamburg and Grenoble, the administrative structure, plans and costings of the building. The very considerable elaboration of the latter are attributable not only to Kendrew’s determination to achieve the highest standards of equipment and function but to the historical coincidence of the building of the Laboratory with a period of high and often unpredictable global inflation due primarily to the rise in oil prices. This was an unexpected factor which required several budget revisions and cost-cutting exercises, and which continued as a permanent problem with the varying inflation rates of EMBC member states affecting their relative contributions and also the comparative salary rates for EMBL staff. It was a considerable achievement to have had the building finished to schedule and to budget and incorporating the additional Containment Facility for genetic research. NCUAGS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 211 The concept of the Laboratory had always been crucial to Kendrew. He espoused it from the first informal discussions in 1962 in which Szilard seems to have played an initiatory part, and fostered it with skill through the many vicissitudes of the ensuing decade. His own extensive notes, charts, schedules, discussion memoranda and the like (passim but especially at H.345- H.358) are of special interest in this respect, usually antedating the official documents by a matter of years and showing great foresight in anticipating areas where scientific or political developments were to be encouraged, forestalled or answered. Almost all aspects of the history of the Laboratory may be complemented by reference to these notes. Kendrew's role as Project Leader and Director-General was an active one. He followed the construction of the Laboratory very closely, supervising its physical growth and furbishment, its inauguration and harmonious relationship with the local community, in surprising detail (H.47-H.49, H.51). Even before this stage, when small research groups were operating in temporary accommodation, Kendrew was very directly involved in planning the administrative structure, and his hand can literally be seen in early drafts for its funding, in documents at all levels from the various scientific and administrative committees as and when they were set up to the constitution of the staff association, in travel claim and leave forms, and in the handsome stationery (H.305, H.308, H.325, H.332). The carbon copies of the Director- General’s correspondence at H.370-H.377 are also of interest as a running tally (probably by no means complete) of the routine workload. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 212 AGREEMENTS LABORATORY AGREEMENT the was agreement establishing This Biology (Austria, Italy, Netherlands, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom). Molecular countries Denmark, France, Federal Republic of Germany, Israel, European ten 10 May 1973 by Laboratory, signed the on deals material The mainly involving delays in Italy's decision to contribute, and with the signing ceremony itself. For earlier work on the agreement, see G.66-G.72. negotiations, last-minute with April 1972 - January 1973. and last-minute snags. February 1973 but postponed because of Italian uncertainty. delays The signing ceremony was proposed for 19 Agreements to participate, October 1972 - March 1973. Italian contribution and participation. Correspondence, calculations etc. on Drafts them of Italian decision to participate. and final text of letter to Foreign Ministries informing Sent 19 March 1973. Signing ceremony at CERN, 10 May. release. Arrangements, speeches, press Arrangements 10-11 May after ceremony. See G.107-G.111. for meeting of Working Group on future of EMBC on Design and text of agreement. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 213 HEADQUARTERS AGREEMENT This was signed between the Federal Republic of Germany and EMBL on the Laboratory. Kendrew signing on behalf of 10 December 1974 at Bonn, H.7 H.8 Drafts January, May 1972, July 1973. and revisions of agreement, February, November 1971, and Correspondence last-minute arrangements for signing ceremony, English correspondence on implementation of agreement. alterations agreement, Kendrew's speech (German and later versions), little text of agreement, a to NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 214 THE BUILDING OF THE LABORATORY TEMPORARY ACCOMMODATION IN HEIDELBERG Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum (DKFZ) H.9 Correspondence, 1971 - July Research affairs. Centre, See also 0.19. and estimates, discussion notes etc. 1978, for laboratory space in newly-built a little later correspondence September Cancer DKFZ on Max-Planck-Institut flr Kernphysik (MPIK) H.10 Correspondence, 1976. plans, discussion notes etc. March 1972 - May Biochimie H.11 Miscellaneous Correspondence, 1975 for accommodation in old university biochemistry building. discussion notes March 1974 - September plans, H.12 Shorter outstations etc. correspondence 1973 on possible collaboration, EARLY PLANNING AND COSTING H.13 sites Correspondence 1967-71. possible discussion proposals, Netherlands, Germany, UK. and meetings, possible and memos. Includes material projects for laboratory, Royal Konstanz meeting, revised recruits for EMBL, attitudes to EMBL about Society laboratory in NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew H.14 correspondence and memos. on calculations, Notes, costings, salaries etc. 1969-70. comparison with other laboratory staff 215 laboratory and levels 1971. March-April including colleagues, Working Group on Finance. calculations by Correspondence costings, Cambridge used as basis by Kendrew in preparing reply to EMBC on H.E. Huxley and other MRC notes and notes October-November and calculations by Kendrew, mainly prepared for EMBL Scientific Advisory Committee meeting. Similar material with extensive 1971. February-March 1972. with colleagues S. Brenner, of revised budget (also used for Building Committee see H.23). Extensive notes, calculations, discussions A. Klug, U.W. Arndt for preparation May-November 1972. Revised budget (May) and later calculations. 1973. factor etc. as affecting EMBL. Correspondence and papers on cost variation, inflation 1973. EMBL. Requests sent to member countries for subscriptions to BUILDING COMMITTEE was set up by EMBC in December 1971 under the Chairmanship It drafted a programme of requirements and a time October were submitted in October 1973 and a jury and In and This of A. R&rsch. schedule which were sent to four selected architects in 1972. technical committee were formed to judge the four projects. Béhm November Miller, of Mannheim, were awarded the first prize. the partnership of Proposals Mitzlaff, Lange, 1973 H.21 Preliminary correspondence laboratories visited. correspondence, and meetings membership January, March invitations, on notes 1972, NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 216 H.22 April 1972. competitions. Organisation procedures for international Information from colleagues about laboratory design, G&ttingen July 1972. meeting at Drafts and revisions of information document to be circulated to architects (drafted by R&rsch, revised by Kendrew). Maps of site. August-September 1972. report on architects. visit meeting at draft Frankfurt, letter to Correspondence, to colleague's laboratory, Miscellaneous advisers submit plans or be included in competition 1972-73. architects late or unsuccessful applications correspondence on suggestions for committee; to or to 1972 January architects, October acceptances, architects postponed from 9 November to 9 December and eventually to 12 May 1973 because of delays in signing Laboratory Agreement. - proposed 1973. meeting Invitations committee and of to Meeting Kendrew’s notes and revisions of minutes. at Heidelberg 12 May 1973 of committee and architects. May-June Heidelberg Further information on site requirements for architects. Correspondence and arrangements for meeting at representatives. of committee 1973. 15 local June and May-July 1973. meeting replies. of Building Committee, Meeting with architects, Heidelberg 6 July, last and questions from architects Vorprifungs committee. Met 23 October, 14 November. NGUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew H.33 Meeting members and with competing architects, jury’s report. of Jury 16-17 November 1973, correspondence with 217 jury H.34 Photographs of models of buildings submitted to jury. ARCHITECTS, TENDERS, PLANS H.35 H.36 H.37 H.38 H.39 H.40 H.41 Meetings, city authorities, colleagues leading up to contract. discussions, correspondence 1973-74 with architects, and correspondence Papers original operated had an independent gas heating system. alterations led to a rise in costs. plans heating by Stadtwerke Heidelberg. envisaged 1973-75 on heating by pipeline The Laboratory system. a from The plant eventually and The ensuing delays Correspondence, 1973-81. house includes some animal house. notes, plans, Mainly on early designs and requirements, calculations relating to animal but of running and later material on organisation Correspondence and papers on Laboratory Planning Group set up by during Kendrew planning. discuss technical problems likely to Notes of meeting 5 July 1974. arise to notes, on planning, Correspondence, 1974, mainly on costings and attempts to reduce them in response Includes documents to by architects, colleagues, Kendrew’s notes etc. concern expressed by Finance Committee. calculations etc. plans, Miscellaneous plans with modifications and revisions for and space allocation, mainly 1974, 1975, related to H.39. layout of Award correspondence, members of Finance Committee 1975. official proposal tender for civil engineering works of EMBL as put to and building; by accepted NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew Later Finance Committee papers on tenders and final "Report on Construction . . . and Expenditure 1980". 218 costs, including H.42 H.43 H.44 group, working Expert progress of construction; C. Grosgurin working group. about P4 installation. Includes final report appointed to supervise and correspondence 1975-79, on comment mainly with of Arrangements for move to new building, etc. 1977-79. minor snags and problems H.45 Architect's first plans December 1974. H.46 Revised plans January 1975, March 1975. FURNISHING AND INTERIOR DESIGN a His material is of interest in demonstrating which he rightly saw as creating chief consultants were the Design Research Kendrew’s This care for what others might consider matters of minor meticulous harmonious but importance smooth ambience and a powerful contribution to the laboratory's Unit working. then headed by Sir Mischa Black, working in conjunction with the but it is architects and a small committee from the laboratory, decisions. that he took an active personal part in very I His great importance to problems of aesthetics and design in attach in the they include internal and external lighting, floor this regard: wall and door colours, furniture coverings, direction and fittings for canteen, stationery, landscaping, soft furnishings, signs and lettering, china and cutlery, reading lamps, notice boards and ash-trays. memorandum of 12 April 1976 which begins "As indicates the range of his preoccupations library and seminar rooms, sanitary fittings, laboratory", you know, clear H.47 mainly 1976-78 but a little later material to notes of meetings, visits and costs with 1980, Correspondence, etc. Design Research Unit and others. memoranda, NCUAGS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 219 H.48 on all covers design, 1975-80 aspects for Also brochures. including and Szilard approved correspondence graphic designs, and forms, of Notes, head, stationery reports, application with manuals Szilard Gertrud official Library early name days of EMBO. Kendrew’s speech at the opening of the laboratory (H.54) had referred to Szilard's creative role and his own wish to in designing or approving items. of library in commemoration of Szilard’s support in Here also Kendrew was personally active by EMBL Council in December 1978 as and others on bookplate for annual and includes perpetuate it. correspondence research letter Leo the H.49 Miscellaneous in correspondence. catalogues of supplies and equipment referred to INAUGURATION In his originally formal opening of the new building was the event the State Visit of President attending and the Laboratory was opened planned The for 8 May 1978, then brought forward to 5 May in order that the President of West Germany, Dr Scheel, could perform the official ceremony. Brezhnev prevented the Guests included delegates Minister for Research and Technology. states, and representatives City Institutes, and as and Scientific Advisory Committee of EMBL, and some early members of EMBO . University of Heidelberg and of the Max-Planck government representatives of EMBL and EMBC member of the West German Bund and Land, and former members present Council of the well the by as of The inauguration programme of events included official speeches and lunch, scientific colloquia, tours of the Laboratory and its research groups, and an evening reception. Preliminary committee, guest lists and revisions. arrangements, meetings of the inauguration Arrangements stationery and printed items, press coverage and releases. special commemorative postmark, artwork for for Correspondence refusals, Kendrew’s official letters of thanks. invitations, official on acceptances and H.50 H.51 H.52 NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 220 at H.53 H.54 H.55 Correspondence scientific seminar to be given as part of opening ceremony. on arrangements for colleagues with talks Correspondence with colleagues about opening ceremony, including invitations to speak, letters and cables of good wishes, regrets Includes at inability to attend etc., draft German President. speeches by Kendrew and E.C. Slater, some with recollections. message from West Folder at ceremony. of material designed by Design Research Unit for guests NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 221 RESEARCH COMMITTEES AND WORKING GROUPS to 1971, Kendrew consult and in chronological terms antedate it. These constitute the main arteries for the scientific activities of the Laboratory, In for the Extraordinary Meeting of EMBC scheduled for preparation October President, and H. Voirier, representatives about suitable provisional ) Scientific Advisory Committee (H.56). This first met in October 1971 under the chairmanship of N.K. Jerne, and continued to meet Leader and (Kendrew) the formal inception of the SAC in 1974. until the coming into force of the Agreement and_ nominations for a "shadow" (later called advise the EMBC delegates and the EMBL of national institutions of EMBC members was members authorised Project Council EMBO the the by to of SAC but also maintained regular contact by Magnetic Resonance and Recombinant DNA had and its specialist Working Groups on Computer The Nuclear meetings and telephone. of field of research, SAC, of projects. attention recruitment of staff members; is concerned with recommendations and suggestions for the appointments, component of the agenda for SAC meetings. Policy, periodical correspondence Its activity included scientific policy, choice appointments to the Laboratory and to the consideration and any special and much of the early correspondence first regular visits to the laboratories and outstations, reports by staff members or working groups, continued to be an important selection Great this paid and was the to scientific life of the Laboratory began in led to the creation of the whose documentation (H.103-H.140) of the equipment Once purchase Purchases including interest equipment by submitted for evaluation. Committee, in requested "justifications" the members of the for scientific 1975 the Scientific of of and items staff is An important source of information for the SAC and the Director- on current and developing fields of research were small General by workshops leading workers in specific topics (H.141-H.151). or discussion meetings attended, invitation, by specialist ad hoc committees were set up from time to advise on matters of concern to the research groups to of They are listed under the appropriate Research Various time the Laboratory. Division or Outstation. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew PROVISIONAL SCIENTIFIC ADVISORY COMMITTEE (PSAC) 222 of and of documents from Founding authorisation EMBC nominations, first membership. August-October 1971. H. Voirier, Includes letter Kendrew’s letters to EMBO members and their recommendations, statistical lists Membership H.56 H.57 H.58 H.59 Meetings October acceptances, 4 December 1971, suggestions for membership. 1971 - September 1973. reference some meetings to Invitations to serve on on 31 PSAC, October, Correspondence European biology. October 1973 - March 1974 with PSAC laboratories significantly involved in members on molecular March Correspondence changeover in continued to serve on the SAC. membership. Thirteen and to formal Scientific Advisory Committee and fifteen original the of July 1974 with PSAC members on changes members varies material Kendrew’s and This notes made at the meeting or in preparation minutes, others, it, for suggestions or recommendations for appointments, matters arising from meeting. in extent and correspondence committee include members agenda with may or H.60 lst informal meeting 31 October 1971. H.61 2nd meeting 4 December 1971. H.62 3rd meeting 19-20 April 1972 jointly with EMBO Council. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 223 H.63 meeting 4th 7, Konstanz") meeting. 3, 8 November 1972, during Haarlass ("Second H.64 5th meeting 14 June 1973. H.65 Informal meeting 23 October 1973. H.66 6th meeting 11 February 1974. H.67 H.68 7th meeting 21 June 1974 (last meeting). Miscellaneous notes by Kendrew on possible appointments. SCIENTIFIC ADVISORY COMMITTEE (SAC) Membership Official and personal correspondence on nominations and service, Kendrew’s notes and lists of candidates and members. Includes charts of committee members and attendance 1971- H.69 1975. 84. H.70 1976. H.71 1977. H.72 1978. H.73 1979. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 224 H.74 1980. H.75 1981. H.76 1982. Meetings files cover SAC meetings from the first on 14 to preparations for the 19th to be held in May 1982 These 1974 Kendrew had left the Laboratory. and notes on meetings, for or at meetings, for the committee, on staff appointments, policy all aspects of SAC work. December after minutes preparation reports and submissions recommendations and decisions space allocations, budget and buildings, on correspondence with members or others background papers, applications, They include agenda, Kendrew's own notes made in and projects, lst meeting, 14 December 1974. 2nd meeting, 3-4 May 1975. 3rd meeting, 1 July 1975. 4th meeting, 23-24 November 1975. 5th meeting, 2-3 May 1976. 6th meeting, 30-31 July 1976 at DESY outstation, Hamburg. 7th meeting, 28-29 October 1976. 8th meeting, 18-19 March 1977 at ILL outstation, Grenoble. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 225 H.85 9th meeting, 1-2 July 1977. H. 86 10th meeting, 25-26 November 1977. H.87 llth meeting, 21-22 April 1978 at DESY outstation, Hamburg. H.88 12th meeting, 10-11 July 1978. H.89 13th meeting, 18-19 January 1979. H.90 14th meeting, 23-24 November 1979, at ILL outstation, Grenoble. H.91 15th meeting, 25-26 April 1980. H.92 16th meeting, 1-2 November 1980. H.93 17th meeting, 12-13 April 1981, at Grenoble. 18th concerning 19th meeting 3-4 May 1982. meeting, 1981, 3-4 October and brief correspondence H.94 Correspondence Correspondence with individual scientists or consultants to SAC. H.95 G. Bernardi 1975-76. H.96 L.C.M. De Maeyer 1976-81. H.97 H. Harris 1975-76. NCUAGS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 226 NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE (NMR) WORKING GROUP H.98 Correspondence, memoranda and papers mainly 1971-76 and a little later material 1981. Includes A. Klug's first report (February on "the desirability and feasibility of developing a high 1974) later field NMR spectrometer at EMBL" and comments by at report EMBL (September research projects at EMBL and elsewhere. of Working Group on future developments of NMR NMR appointments, others, 1975), other staff NMR spectrometer was acquired by EMBL at this time, delays in starting the laboratory led to had been hoped to recruit, taking up an R. in part Freeman, appointment No because whom elsewhere. it COMPUTER POLICY WORKING GROUP H.99 in the area of computer graphics and other Correspondence, memoranda and papers 1972-76 on computer policy especially advanced computer and reports, of R.F. Herzog as Head of Computing in 1976, the formal work of the Working Group came to an end. applications. staff Includes etc. Working Group appointments appointment meetings With the RECOMBINANT DNA (rDNA) COMMITTEE in (a by EMBO that "these about potential molecular appropriate biohazards was widely voiced during the early 1970s. bodies, recommendations and to providing problems be urgently both appropriate biological Concern A circular research co- letter was sent to Kendrew in June 1974 by C. Weissmann signatory) for consideration by EMBO Council and by the PSAC and carefully recommending to considered security special risk laboratories within the framework of EMBO, for instance at An Asilomar conference on the EMBO rDNA delegation and an ad hoc EMBO committee was set up by Council in The January 1975 "a report containment laboratory meeting the most stringent specifications Biology be For material on the building, equipment and use of should Laboratory." the containment laboratory, see H.156-H.177. to EMBC on the Asilomar conference recommended Heidelberg laboratory" (H.100). held in February 1975, within the European attended by a See also F.118. C. Weissmann). Molecular (Chairman: five-man and in regard built that was H.100 Correspondence and papers June-December 1974. NCUAGS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 227 H.101 Correspondence and papers January 1975 - February 1976. H.102 Reports Committees 1975-80. and minutes of the EMBO ad hoc and Standing Advisory SCIENTIFIC PURCHASES COMMITTEE (from 19 March 1980 PURCHASES COMMITTEE) purchase co-ordinate This had its first meeting on 16 July 1976, to various Director-General Outstations, Sections. being the the Heads of the and the Heads of the Administration and Purchasing made Its membership consisted Heads of Divisions, requests for equipment its function scientific (Chairman), groups. by of The material includes minutes, "justifications" thereon, members Many calculations. of the committee, documents some for the and of purchases correspondence of detailed agendas, equipment proposals and comments with scientific and administrative staff. have and discussion notes annotations Kendrew’s and or be noted should It equipment for the outstations at Hamburg and Grenoble, their outstation files. to the committee, may be found in the versions referral early that of proposals for prior to related H.103 Meetings 16 July, 23 September, 21 October 1976. "Procedure Included equipment", with Kendrew’s revisions. draft here is for ordering scientific H.104 3 May 1977. H.105 4 August 1977. H.106 29 September 1977. H.107 24 November 1977. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 228 H.108 14 December 1977 (informal). H.109 27 April 1978. H.110 30 May 1978. H.111 2 August 1978. H.112 4 October 1978. H.113 16 October 1978. H.114 15 November 1978. H.115 7 December 1978. H.116 28 February 1979. H.117 17 May 1979. H.118 11 July 1979. H.119 12 September 1979. H.120 7 November 1979. H.121 13 December 1979. H.122 15 February 1980. to advise on specialist items of equipment. Six sub-groups were set up at this meeting, NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 229 H.123 19 March 1980. The Committee was henceforward called "Purchases Committee". H.124 19 May 1980. H.125 3 July 1980. H.126 17 July 1980. requests (Hamburg outstation. Special Purchases Committee meeting to deal with for equipment and construction work in the new HASYLAB Hamburg Synchrotron at Radiation Laboratory) H.127 18 September 1980. H.128 23 October 1980. H.129 27 November 1980. H.130 16 December 1980. H.131 20 February 1981. H.132 2 April 1981. H.133 6 May 1981. H.134 30 June 1981. H.135 10 July 1981. Extraordinary meeting. H.136 8 September 1981. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 230 H.137 13 October 1981. H.138 3 December 1981. H.139 22 February 1982. H.140 Lists of equipment ordered 1975-80. WORKSHOPS a by as topic. means of clarifying the state of were small gatherings of specialists, invitation to discuss a specific existing They were sometimes suggested by the PSAC These meeting informally and proposed research or SAC the appropriate to coincide with meetings of the committee, in any case invited. They had an important function, in the early days in determining the EMBL research programme and subsequently and in monitoring and diffusing information about its progress, are therefore included here as an aspect of its committees and working groups. some were timed whose members were level of involvement of EMBL; research and or additional information on workshops retained with or held at DESY and ILL outstations, material see For on research projects, H.201, H.224-228, H.257. H.141 Membrane Workshop 18-22 October 1973. Correspondence, invited, November 1972 - November 1973. invitations, those programmes, Kendrew's notes of papers and discussions, arrangements, lists of H.142 Detector Workshop "Optics and detectors for diffraction of biological systems", 17 October 1973. studies Correspondence, list of participants, Kendrew’s manuscript notes of later meeting on detectors. also H.145 for June-October papers, 1973. See a H.143 Proposed diffraction, planned for June 1974 but postponed. on ribosome structure workshop research by neutron See H.146. Correspondence, lists of participants. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 231 H.144 Workshop on Cell Separation Techniques, 8-9 June 1976. Correspondence, programme, Kendrew's notes. invitations and replies, lists of participants, H.145 H.146 H.147 Meeting and brief correspondence only. on "Area Detectors for X-rays", 4 May 1977. Proposal Workshop scattering", 16 January 1979. on "Ribosome structure research by neutron and X-ray Correspondence, notes. invitations and replies, programme, Kendrew’s meeting on role of EMBL and responsibilities Proposed Director-General in the 1980s, the model of earlier discussion meetings on the subject in and Buc, H.365. the referred to as "Konstanz III" on 1969 H. See also 1971. was discussed at the SAC meeting of April 1981. put forward by D.L.D. Caspar and The proposal, of H.148 Workshop on "Pressure in Biology", 9-11 April 1981. Correspondence, discussions. programme, list of participants, report of H.149 Workshop See also H.180. on "Computing and DNA sequences", 27-28 April 1981. Programme, list of participants, notes. H.150 Workshop on "Biological structures", 23-24 September 1981. programme, of Correspondence, biology discussions. (H.151) were organised by L. Philipson to help identify possible areas of future research at EMBL. and the workshop on developmental of participants, reports This, list H.151 Workshop on "Developmental biology", 19-20 October 1981. Correspondence, discussions. programme, list of participants, reports of NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 232 RESEARCH DIVISIONS - HEIDELBERG CELL BIOLOGY Projects and staff H.152 Correspondence projects Division. and with colleagues 1970-73 on suggestions scope of work to be undertaken by Cell for Biology H.153 Notes and suggestions on appointments 1975-76. H.154 Membrane Group staffing 1975-76. H.155 Neurobiology Group staffing and space 1974-76. CONTAINMENT FACILITY the ftir of research on rDNA should be committee recommendation of the ad hoc EMBO on the Council of EMBL decided at its meeting on 27 November the The original plan for cell biology was modified and high-risk specifications the of (ZKBS). Establishment, KA- Following rDNA, that 1975 Laboratory. a new special laboratory was constructed to house the facilities (later Zentrale H.M. Darlow Porton, Plannungs GMBH. was adviser on equipment, authorities Sicherheit and the architects were Kommission the Microbiological biologische the German conformed stringent relaxed) of carried out at Research which somewhat to the Building and equipment H.156 and building: Correspondence facilities, advice costings, planning and space allocation, working group meetings, equipment. papers 1974-77 on all aspects of proposed use colleagues, Porton from of NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 233 H.157 Architect's plans 1976. H.158 H.159 H.160 Committees H.161 H.162 Correspondence research. and papers 1977 on German guidelines for rDNA Correspondence laboratory insurance. and papers 1978-79 on changes to required to conform with German guidelines, high-risk on and Correspondence 1976-80 safety cabinets, filters, fermentors. papers and on equipment, especially K. Murray) to recommend and applications set up two to committees: When the building, completion Kendrew (Chairman: appropriate consultation, and the Safety Committee (Chairman: a local liaison 1978. equipment and testing of the facility neared envisaged, Committee the and postal Kendrew) with act as January to work out house guidelines and Invitations were sent out in be could Priorities applications body with ZKBS. generally working by use it the containment level, membership, Priorities Committee Ideas for membership, for research projects and committee assessments. invitations and replies. Draft proformas 1977-80 on applications to use P4 (high-risk) Correspondence facility. Safety Committee H.163 Ideas for membership, invitations and acceptances NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 234 H.164 First meeting 7 February 1978. H.165 5 July 1978. H.166 1 September 1978. H.167 8 December 1978. H.168 26 February 1979. H.169 Not used. H.170 19 June 1979. H.171 14 February 1980. H.172 21 May 1980. H.173 12 December 1980. H.174 13 May 1981 (notice only; September 1981 (correspondence only). meeting not held). Miscellaneous H.175 H.176 to visit to receive Requests information, from universities, architects, official delegations 1976-79. containment facility or Correspondence safety measures at EMBL 1978-80. and reports on training courses in biological NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 235 H.177 Miscellaneous correspondence: 1977; staff 1977, 1978. sale of enzymes 1976; MRE Porton BIOLOGICAL STRUCTURES DIVISION H.178 H.179 H.180 H.181 H.182 division, of General correspondence, other the equipment, staff and space, research projects and visitors. See also H.190-H.192 for material on the STEM (Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope). notes and papers 1974-81 on affairs microscopes electron purchase and of Correspondence staffing. 1976-77 on suggestions for research projects and and notes papers 1978-82 Includes computing and DNA sequences April 1980 and April Correspondence, nucleotide sequencing. programmes and reports on EMBL Workshops on (see H.149) The work at EMBL K. Murray and the Nucleotide Sequence Data Library became available in March 1982. Folder includes first newsletter and release of the data base. and similar workshops and projects in USA. the charge of G. Hamm under the guidance 1981 was on in of Invitations Committee, July-August 1979. and acceptances for membership of STEM Priorities Reports 1980. and comments on the future of the Structures Division INSTRUMENTATION DIVISION of of the proposals and policy for the Division had to remain on a relatively strong Instrumentation Division had always been an Laboratory, was appointed first Head of the Division in A part Maeyer work the during completion nearly eventually be devoted to instrumentation development. on Instrumentation July 1978 (H.184-H.189). of temporary accommodation, was permanent building it research and development programme of the the whole activity period the Division Policy Planning Committee (IPPC) was set up important L. de The level the that would To advise an in and 1976. low Laboratory envisaged with half but the of of of the NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 236 plans for the future direction of the laboratory after 1982 The changes The (see H.265) affected the Instrumentation Division. were described in the EMBL Annual Report 1982 as follows: our which for by effort. 5-year period in June Council changes the next programme accepted both in the emphasis and the organization of 1982. is discussed later in this report has "The change of directors at EMBL led to the formulation of a new scientific which was This unanimously to programme the some scientific basic cell biology and structures. research areas: basic Development of old research four instrumentation units that to biology scientific groups." division has therefore been divided all supportive technology from technology will be integrated into these EMBL is now concentrating on differentiation, mathematics programmes appropriate associated possible. The into with the can be three led as much as_. so were: The four units instrumentation, applied in combined as "biocomputing". mathematics; biological physical instrumentation, instrumentation, last two the 1987 computing biochemical and were these of H.183 correspondence General appointments, equipment, projects, visitors, meetings. 1976-81 staff space and on affairs of allocation, the purchases Division: of Instrumentation Policy Planning Committee (IPPC) H.184 Membership: and corresponding members 1978-79. suggestions, invitations and acceptances for full H.185 lst meeting 17 January 1979. H.186 2nd meeting 6 July 1979, at DESY, Hamburg. H.187 3rd meeting, 7-8 December 1979. H.188 4th meeting 30-31 October 1980. H.189 meeting 27-28 January 1982 (chaired by Kendrew). proposed "white-beam" Includes camera, 5th on correspondence preceding and following meeting. papers and NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 237 Electron Microscopy Correspondence, purchase, Electron Microscope) and other electron microscopes. papers, installation and use of STEM (Scanning research proposals mainly relating to Transmission H.190 H.191 H.192 Computer Group H.193 Reports E. Kellenberger (Basle), A. R&rsch (Leiden). information from STEM and on other users 1974: Notes, correspondence and papers on STEM projects, specification and tenders for STEM at EMBL 1974-75. correspondence Later microscopes, at EMBL etc. 1978-81. and research projects, papers on STEM electron meeting of European STEM Users other and correspondence on affairs of the Group: General space budgets, research proposals. facilities, and purchase and installation of appointments, machines, The includes for outstations. first Head of Computing was R.F. Herzog and material reports and newsletters circulated by him both Grenoble the Heidelberg Laboratory and for the Hamburg and plans, the See H.99 for Computer Policy Working Group. 1975-76. (NORD), early newsletters. Selection, tenders, installation of first equipment H.194 1977. H.195 Includes he 1978. entitled "The collapse of the EMBL Computer Group", and comments thereon. of December Herzog’s report which 1978 NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 238 H.196 Mainly on negotiations and agreement for EMBL to 1977-81. use Electronic Data Processing (EDP) facility at Max-Planck-Institut ftir Kernphysik. H.197 1979-81. Computational Resources Committee was established This Laboratory first meeting was 23-24 March (Chairman: for satisfying in-house computational in 1979 "to discuss the S. Brenner). policy of needs"; the the H.198 memoranda, etc. February Kendrew’s manuscript minutes 1979 - October 1980 notes, on all Papers, meetings affecting deliberations which 1980 and and organisation. the organisation and future of the group; over the choice of a midi-computer system a separate Computer Planning Group was set up on 10 whose minutes are also included. There are also submissions by various other sub-groups on computing of matters includes for July reports needs Computer Users’ Group H.199 Minutes memoranda. of meetings 1-10 (8 August 1979 - 13 February 1981), Research proposals and projects H.200 voltage High electron Correspondence 1973-75. microscopy (not taken up at EMBL). H.201 Detectors. the programmes "position-sensitive Correspondence and papers 1975-81 on various types of detectors, for including other research European laboratories; much of this work was done by A. Gabriel. workshops Folder reports on research going forward elsewhere, held on detectors, collaboration with other laboratories. includes patent applied for, See also H.142, H.145. DESY and ILL and on information developed detector" behalf on of at NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 239 H.202 Cell sorters. Correspondence and papers 1976-78. See also H.144. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 240 OUTSTATION AT DEUTSCHES ELEKTRONEN SYNCHROTRON (DESY) - HAMBURG a to of an for into intense radiation synchrotron facility, the the storage ring project Synchrotron (DESY) at Hamburg, Provision incorporated Elektronen the revised Laboratory proposal of 1970, available experiments "bunkers", first, IV, headquarters, come (DORIS) was in use from 1974. be Deutsches had been included in with the aim of making diffraction two built on the synchrotron, and the A-bunker later called Bunker outstation had system into operation in 1964 and the double storage ring of and the storage ring. B-bunker later called Bunker II, The DESY synchrotron of biology. larger on consisted permanent molecular x-rays source for two the the the the to be in It of of the Medical (later for with K.C. Holmes, early correspondence is Director) of Biophysics Much Professor Institute preliminary and appointment of H.B. Stuhrmann from October 1976. Kendrew’s reference to the early history of the his speech at the signing of the EMBL/DESY Agreement. then Max-Planck- the "Gruppenspracher" the See H.205 for in who supervised some research at DESY, acted as EMBL outstation outstation part-time Research, head of acting until the the at as of regular user of the DESY facility was H.E. Huxley who, among A others, contributed memoranda and letters on its development and suggestions for changes or improvements. Early History H.203 H.204 H.205 Correspondence, DESY experiments, copy of proposal for facility. (letter drafted by Holmes), notes and memoranda 1970; arrangements for early approaches to preliminary Correspondence, finance, staff contracts, early operating tests on DORIS. notes and memoranda 1971; building, research, drafts, Correspondence, signature 1975). of K.C. Holmes and others in getting the project started. of April Kendrew's speech at ceremony included reference to work of Agreement between EMBL and DESY (signed arrangements ceremony text, for 21 NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 241 Relations with DESY General correspondence and papers on the development of DESY and the EMBL facility. H. 206 H.207 1977-78. source, and EMBL access to beam time. Modification DORIS of into a part-time dedicated Development 1979-80. Tandem Synchrotron 1981, EMBL beam time. and inauguration of Positron Ring Accelerator (PETRA), new Radiation Laboratory (HASYLAB) inaugurated construction of Electron Hamburg January H. 208 1979-81. Use of DESY IBM computer centre by EMBL workers. H.209 1981. Correspondence and memoranda on EMBL beam time. H.210 Miscellaneous shorter correspondence. DESY Committees H.211 to serve for three years from Kendrew was Extended Research Committee (Forschungskollegium) . first invited meeting of the committee scheduled to follow the inauguration of DORIS. an Extended Scientific Council and a PETRA Research Committee were set up. The committee was dissolved in December 1976, 1974, June the when Correspondence, minutes, notes. H.212 Scientific Council (Wissenschaftlicher Rat) (Extended Scientific Council from January 1977). Kendrew was invited to serve in May 1976 and was a member until 1980. Correspondence, development of PETRA. agenda and minutes, material relating to the NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 242 H.213 Staff H.214 PETRA Research Committee. combined meeting with DESY Research Committee 1976-79. Minutes of meetings 1-3, 7-11 and lst of Build-up 1972-76. conferences etc., full-time first 1 years. appointed joint heads for a two-year period. at up to 1 October 1976 when H. Stuhrmann became five were head of the outstation for a October 1981 J. Bordas of M.H.J. Koch appointments, attendance period staff, From and H.215 1977-81. H.216 Appointment 1976. H.217 Appointment 1979 (at ILL Grenoble as well as at DESY). Equipment memoranda, reports, equipment proposals and assessments, Notes, correspondence 1972-82. research proposals requiring equipment, of of Much in computer Instrumentation conjunction Division Computer Group, and the Scientific Purchases Committee. the material deals with the planning and and material consulted equipment purchase related should with DESY the for be in H.218 1972-76. H.219 1977. H.220 1978-82. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 243 Research H.221 H.222 DESY Priorities Committee, set up in 1973 to evaluate applications to the members then were K.C. use J.C. Kendrew, V. Luzzati and the work was Holmes, mainly conducted by correspondence. A. Engstrém, H.E. Huxley, facility; Correspondence acceptances, submission, project. and lists papers of name of proposer, 1973-81, including research projects 1976-79 with date state title and remarks on invitations, of of reports and Correspondence, radiation Laboratoire (LURE) Institute European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF). synchrotron laboratories: research pour 1’Utilisation du Rayonnement Electromagnétique Daresbury; proposed Synchrotron Radiation Source (SRS) Novosibirsk; and facilities Paris; of Physics, 1971-81 at other papers High Energy on H.223 Miscellaneous reports on equipment and research at DESY 1975-78. H.224-H.228 Workshops and meetings at DESY. H.224 H.225 H.226 "Diskussionstagung" radiation research, 7 December 1976. of discussions. problems on in synchrotron neutron Invitation, abstract, note and Plan for workshop on "X-ray and neutron scattering by biological macromolecules", March 1978. use of X-ray synchrotron radiation in molecular "The 23-25 October 1978. biology", Programme, invitations, costing. H.227 "X-ray and neutron scattering of biological September 1979. structures", 24-28 Programme, lists of participants and abstracts. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew H.228 H.229-H.237 "X-ray detectors", 17-21 November 1980. position sensitive detectors and energy Programme, lists of participants and abstracts. 944 discriminating reports Correspondence, members research or on facilities at DESY, work for long or short term periods etc. papers, of DESY staff or from visiting scientists, and research proposals from on requests to use equipment or reports H.229 1972, 1974. H.230 1975. H.231 1976. H.232 1977. H.233 1978-79. Project on time-resolved fluorescence. H.234 1978. H.235 1979. H.236 1980. H.237 1981-82. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 245 OUTSTATION AT INSTITUT MAX VON LAUE-PAUL LANGEVIN (ILL) - GRENOBLE at to result proposal Grenoble establish an outstation The placed before the European Molecular Biology Conference in October 1971 based on the importance of neutron diffraction for research was in molecular biology; this had first revealed its potential as a at The development of Brookhaven at the reactor at the Institut Max Von Laue-Paul Langevin (ILL) was it Grenoble desired close connection with the main EMBL at Heidelberg. even higher neutron flux the commissioning of the National Laboratory, to European biologists available New York. provided reactor which high flux make an in of to and the basic notes, rapidly sequence agreed), memoranda principle of collaboration of correspondence, protracted negotiations which are concerned form The earliest papers preserved here date from June 1971 and minutes a with covering ILL the the (fairly difficulties over Laboratory Agreement, and accommodation political adequate to and "early participate DESY history" outstation at Hamburg, the formal Agreement between EMBL and ILL being signed on 18 March 1977. covers a somewhat longer period than that of the access for them to ILL facilities, for EMBL outstation workers budgetary constraints, For these reasons the in the ILL project. dimensions buildings financial decision involved between signing and of and the delays EMBL over and the the UK in the years at Centre d'Etudes the EMBL outstation was For several laboratories (CENG) eventually have its own building; shared building with ILL for which a formal contract was on completed in the spring of 1982. rented Grenoble although it had been agreed in principle that EMBL would the preferred solution was a signed was Work started in November 1980 December 1979. Nucléaires housed and in 13 de outstation During the early negotiations, Kendrew consulted B.P. Schoenborn who had obtained the first important neutron diffraction results he hoped, might in due course direct the at Brookhaven and who, the EMBL of event 1 the he was succeeded by B. Jacrot September 1975 to 31 August 1980; as who Senior Scientist in charge of the Biology Group. should the project come to fruition. Schoenborn remained at Brookhaven and the first had been associated with EMBL at ILL from the beginning for five years was A. Miller, facility Grenoble head from In NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 246 Early History H.238 H.239 H.240 H.241 H.242 H.243 H.244 H.245 notes and memoranda 1971; Correspondence, early approaches to B.P. Schoenborn, B. Jacrot, and others, drafts and final version of to Grenoble, expressed by ILL Steering Committee. favourable view of collaboration with EMBL for outstation for submission to EMBC, proposal visits Continuing includes for discussions etc. EMBL negotiations, 1972; Kendrew’s formal letter 13 October outlining proposals and correspondence establishment meetings at ILL, visits notes and his of negotiations etc. Continuing April agreement by EMBL and ILL Committees, problem of accommodation. of collaboration and drafts for formal letter from ILL document 1973, terms on 17 for Correspondence chemistry Université de Grenoble. 1973 building on of possible Institut accommodation des Sciences for EMBL at Nucléaires, Continuing negotiations, notes of meetings and discussions 1974, to largely ILL ILL was made available. concerned with problem of accommodation and access No laboratory accommodation within for EMBL workers. Correspondence, notes, minutes etc. re accommodation for EMBL at Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Grenoble (CENG) in the Laboratoire little de Moyenne Activité (LMA). correspondence on CENG matters including Kendrew’s letter later new of laboratories. Mainly 1973-74, but also a December thanks moved when EMBL into 1981 its Correspondence made available for EMBL during early days. 1974 with CERN on store and workshop facilities Correspondence, Agreement privileges 1976. between relating Headquarters to March signed 3 drafts, French revisions, Government text for and EMBL and immunities of EMBL "in France", NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 247 H. 246 Correspondence, 18 March 1977. text for Agreement between ILL and EMBL, signed ILL-EMBL Building H.247 building constructed during "deuxieme souffle" notes, Correspondence, shared programme of ILL. the principle signed on 13 December 1979. plans, reports, minutes etc. 1976-81 on building The joint construction project was put before in was contract EMBL Council on 30 May 1979; EMBL Finance Committee on 24 November 1978 and approved the by ILL Scientific Council on Sub-committee Council lists from of 8 1975. research served Kendrew (Biochemistry) Material proposals and a little correspondence. includes minutes Scientific meetings, "observer" ILL the of of as an H. 248 1975. H.249 1976. H.250 1977. H.251 1978. H.252 1979. H.253 1980. H.254 1981. NCUAGS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 248 Staff H.255 Equipment H.256 Research H.257 Correspondence and papers 1972-82 on appointments, attendance at courses and conferences, staff complement and research interests. salary scales, recruitment, lists of See also H.217. Correspondence, plans of laboratory space, lists of requirements and cost and selection. 1974-81 including estimates planning computer facility. proposed Correspondence Deuteration on informal workshop on deuteration methods 18 July 1977 to discuss deuterated the scattering biological studies) for work. on supplies of "heavy water" (D,0) neutron diffraction selectively and papers specimens facility (to prepare required 1977-81 and for and H.258 Proposal developed Denmark. H.87. for Small Angle Neutron Scattering by EMBL and Risg National jointly facility, Laboratory Correspondence, assessments, papers 1978-80. to be (RNL) See also H.259 1979-80. Alfalfa mosaic virus. H.260 1980. Neutron spallation. H.261 1981. Influenza B virus. H.262 Miscellaneous research in progress at outstation 1976, n.d. reports and notices on facilities available and NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 249 RESEARCH PROGRAMMES Copies for EMBL. of periodic "Scientific program and indicative scheme" H.263 1975, with some correspondence and comments. H.264 H.265 1980-83, 80. with drafts, notes, correspondence and comments 1978- with notes of meetings of Senior Scientists 1983-87, September future scientific programme with L. Philipson. note to Instrumentation Division. 1981 - January 1982 to discuss and draw up plans of EMBL for See introductory NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 250 SEMINARS, LECTURES, COURSES SEMINARS Correspondence with visiting speakers, for seminars. on 23 September 1975. arrangements and notices Internal seminars were also held, the first being H.266 1975. H.267 1976. H.268 1977. H.269 1978. H.270 1979. H.271 1980. H.272 1981. H.273 "Heads acquaint research 1977-80. of Groups" meetings, informal discussions and talks staff with the work going forward in the various groups under the heading "What is going on at to EMBL EMBL" NCUAGS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 251 LECTURES speakers and intended for a wider scientific A lecture programme was started in 1978, visiting than on correspondence, arrangements and notices. the specialist seminars; November by A. Gierer. given by distinguished audience the inaugural lecture was given Material includes invitations, 15 H.274 1978. H.275 1979. H.276 1980. H.277 1981. H.278 1982. H.279 COURSES H.280 lists Kendrew’s invitation lecturers or topics etc. declined lecturers, suggestions by letters others of for and notes of possible or postponed, Miscellaneous information, programmes, schedules etc. of courses and summer schools at EMBL. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 252 VISITORS AND STAFF VISITORS are up or of in laboratory organisation, requests to visit the laboratory: from on their own behalf about research projects, scientists These writing a representative capacity on behalf of institutions or departments interested research from government departments or embassies interested programmes; in an from delegations or representatives international institution; of Some of the exchanges are brief, and building plans on national and international levels, comments on EMBL organisation, letters of thanks and the like. EMBL member states or elsewhere. in the workings laboratories information on proposed research teaching or setting others include or in General correspondence H.281 1974-76. H.282 1977. H.283 1978. H.284 1979. H.285 1980. H.286 1981-82. Official visits and delegations H.287 1975-79. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 253 H.288 1979. 13 February 1979. letter to Kendrew reporting on their visit, see J.98. Visit by Visiting Subcommittee, Medical Research Council For the Council's Correspondence and papers. H.289 1980-81. H.290 Official German visits 1976-80. H.291 STAFF H.292 Miscellaneous correspondence and arrangements for exchanges with Chinese mainly for visits by Chinese but a few visits to China by members of EMBL staff. scientists 1979-82, following material relates mainly to early of Some correspondence and material relating to hands. at is scientists at EMBL remain in Kendrew’s to administrative staff appointments recruitment The scientific staff. appointments of Material H.334-H.344. relating Information and newsletters circulated by Kendrew to members asking EMBO descriptions, 1975-78. for with some replies and suggestions, of job various dates recruiting suitable staff, help in H.293 Notes, drafts, tables on build-up of EMBL staff and distribution of nationalities, 1975-80. H.294 Miscellaneous correspondence etc. on technical staff. H.295 H.296 Correspondence suggestions scientists, arising 1976-82. possible for circular projects submitted by to members of EMBO and and papers on postdoctoral fellowships, senior EMBL correspondence Correspondence courses at EMBL 1977-81. on short secondments, "stages" or sandwich NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 254 MEMBERSHIP H.297 Correspondence and papers with member states on their membership of In alphabetical order. and with others on possibility of their joining. EMBL, Denmark. Denmark's copy of report and English translation, press comment 1979-80. Working continuing participation of Danish research councils to study Correspondence, Party EMBL. in H.298 Finland. Finnish membership. Brief correspondence only, 1982, on possibility of H.299 France. Ratification of Agreement 1977, correspondence 1978. H.300 Greece. membership. Brief correspondence only, 1978, on possible H.301 Israel. Adjustment of contribution 1979. H.302 H.303 Italy. Italian involvement in EMBL 1981. Ratification of Agreement 1976, correspondence on Norway. possible membership 1974, 1976-77. Visit EMBL to by Norwegian Research Council and H.304 USSR. Correspondence on costs of possible membership 1977. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 255 ADMINISTRATION ORGANISATION AND PLANNING H.305 H.306 H.307 H.308 H.309 H.310 H.311 Early drafts organisation: (and fellows, various dates 1973-81. almost later memoranda on various aspects and Laboratory working hours, travel and subsistence regulations workers and corrections, visiting all with Kendrew's revisions and leave records, of revisions), Correspondence senior notes on administrative staff requirements and the grant of indefinite conditions of appointment and staff on contracts dismissal of 1976-77, Space allocation in EMBL, for in the new laboratory 1977 requirements plans for laboratory and "denkzimmer" space 1979-81. including estimates by staff their and members later Papers and correspondence 1974-75 on drafting of staff rules and regulations, and others. with manuscript notes and comments by Kendrew Proposed March General . revision of rules of administrative procedure drawn up Director- implementation by L. Philipson for as 1982 Correspondence and papers 1975-79 on the employment of the EMBO/ EMBC secretariat staff as staff members of EMBL. all about EMBL; Information for essential financial and staff regulations, Council, SAC etc. includes information folders prepared dossier of agreements, and - Headquarters and Outstation appointed to laboratory, documents personnel NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 256 COMMITTEES Library H.312 1976 that in place from 1975. from the beginning and a library was regarded by Kendrew as an essential part of the (Mrs M. Holmes) When the Library Committee was set up the laboratory belong come The laboratory was in library and specifically directly under the Director-General. belonged to the scientific operation of the he took the view (note of 16 November 1976) to any one of the divisions, not to the administration, that it should and, since it did not librarian start of Library and Committee and to its naming papers and correspondence 1974-80 mainly relating Leo after Miscellaneous to Szilard. See also H.48. Standing Advisory Committee This was set up in 1977 in accordance with Staff Regulations to "advise the Director-General on general questions concerning the ", with two representatives elected by the staff personnel . and met for the first time on 31 May 1977. two nominated by the Director-General. The committee . . H.313 Setting-up of committee, minutes of meetings 1977-79. Laboratory Safety Committee Set up August 1978. H.314 Papers and minutes 1978-81. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 257 Joint Advisory Appeals Board Set up in accordance with Staff Regulations in September 1979. H.315 1978-81. Papers acceptance International Administrative Tribunal in respect of staff complaints. Office (ILO) on EMBL included is brief Labour Also correspondence with ILO of Heads of Section meetings H.316 of informal meetings instituted by Kendrew from August any Notices 1978 topic of general interest or concern. heads for of sections in administration to discuss Building Maintenance Set up in August 1978 under Kendrew’s chairmanship. H.317 Papers and correspondence 1978-81. Canteen move into the new building and replaced by a new A provisional Canteen Committee was set up in September 1977 for committee the with "regional representatives" which met for the first time on 22 June 1978. H.318 Papers, correspondence, minutes 1977-82. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 258 FINANCE Conditions of contracts with EMBL H.319 Papers, relating P. Fasella) to examine subject. correspondence, to drafts Working Group set up 26 February 1976 and minutes 1976-77 mainly (Chairman: Internal financial rules and regulations H.320 Drafts, 1977-78, proposed revision 1980. correspondence and comments, Kendrew'’s manuscript notes Internal Audit those to him. of the laboratory and its outstations were Internal Auditor was appointed by the Director-General on His reports and findings concerned quarterly to by the Council. The reported administration available appointed Internal Auditor was J. Willert, the Auditors Danish firm Rigsrevisionen. General's EMBL Finance Committee at H.378-H.417. with whom Committee External and the made Auditors the appointed after the meeting of External the were Director- the some correspondence is included The official Audits and thereon are included in the papers During the period covered here November comments Finance and to 1979, and the the in of H.321 Salaries H.322 members of laboratory staff involved, Papers, correspondence, reports of Internal Auditor and comments of of External - December 1981. and correspondence arising, drafts of reports Auditors August 1979 of review EMBL salary scales with Miscellaneous correspondence and memoranda on fixing, adjustment to and France inflation international (Grenoble organisations, June 1975 - May 1981 when a "Working Group on the (See H.323 and H.326.) EMBL System of Remuneration" was set up. comparability outstation), reference special Germany other rates with and and and in NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 259 H.323 H.324 Papers (Chairman: and correspondence of Working Group C.A. Ladage) June-November 1981. on EMBL salaries and Papers possible remuneration system March 1977 - May 1980. correspondence adoption EMBL by of Co-ordinated on Working Group set to. up study Organisations’ STAFF ASSOCIATION draft proposed a Moves to initiate a staff association began in April 1976 and Committee was formed in June to draft statutes (Chairman: Pilot This proved a protracted matter, first because N. Strausfeld). extensively was the by Kendrew when submitted for his scrutiny, later revised of the association's possible affiliation to the German because Trades Union the international status of EMBL. After considerable comment and re- drafting, the statutes were formally accepted by Kendrew in May 1978 and a Committee elected in September. unsatisfactory difficulties Congress arising with and and was for Early papers, drafts and correspondence on Statutes April 1976 - September 1978. memoranda, J. Dubochet) correspondence Papers, (Chairman: appointment ordinated representations made to Working Groups (see also 1978-80. various EMBL salary scales, on contracts, Organisations with etc. and and including Staff affairs membership of Association mainly but Co- and H.324) papers H.322, H.325 H.326 MISCELLANEOUS H.327 Education, lodging and housing. H.328 with City of Heidelberg and local community Relations including material prepared for Open Day May 1979 and speech October 1976. ceremony" of "topping-off the the at 1973-82, Kendrew’s in Laboratory NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 260 H.329 of University on research and appointments and the maintenance of Heidelberg as a leading European centre of research. Kendrew's letters Heidelberg. 1976, 1980 H.330 Patents 1978-82. H.331 Shorter correspondence and memoranda 1976-81. H.332 H. 333 reports. Kendrew’s notes on circulation Annual content, correspondence and notices to staff asking for contributions and a of Various dates thanks and congratulation or requests for copies. 1975-81. drafts for early reports. some letters Schedules, few and and publicity 1972-87. Press cuttings, interviews, drafts, transcripts, photographs. visits by journalists, arrangements or radio and film units, press- comments, some Includes press releases, requests for articles, APPOINTMENTS Members of administrative staff Correspondence, alphabetical order. contract, references, future career etc. In H.334 Bach, B.L.V. 1975-78. H.335 Beer, O. 1974-82. H.336 Gale, D.S. 1976-82. H.337 Giorgio-Alberti, G. 1974. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 261 H.338 Guggenbthl, D. 1973-74. H.339 Heckl, K.W. n.d. H.340 Leenart, G.C. 1970-73 H.341 Pasquill, J. 1980-82. Applications and recruitment correspondence with Includes Kendrew's notes, affairs of EMBL. recommendations, schedules for interviews, assessments, general colleagues on H.342 Possible appointments at EMBL 1973. H.343 Similar, including Head of Administration 1974-75. H.344 Head of Administration (not filled) 1978. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 262 DIRECTOR-GENERAL'S NOTES AND CORRESPONDENCE NOTES H.345 H. 346 H.347 These are the contents of loose-leaf binders of varying format; they are manuscript notes, usually dated, on all topics relating appointments and building of EMBL. to the scientific programme, They include Kendrew's own ideas, lists and schedules, notes of made discussions conferences, suggestions EMBC or EMBL meetings, subjects raised or to be raised at EMBO, They timetables and deadlines, as often indicating the laboratory project. or complement more formal material as staff and space allocation etc. dedication antedate Kendrew brought intense others, with the at well to Small format notes. Includes lists of names in various research fields suggested 1967 and at Konstanz and Haarlass meetings 1969 and 1971, memberships of working groups and committees, notes of discussions on building, staff, equipment 1971-73. Small Biology, other miscellaneous notes 1975-77. format notes. Appointments and projects at DESY, Cell Small division etc. with manuscript note "Superseded January 1981". of laboratory Charts format notes. staff by grade, H.348 Similar, more extensive charts, including DESY and ILL. H. 349 Small format notes. Lists of members of EMBL committees. H.350 Small format notes. Dinners and guests at EMBL. H.351 format and A4 estimates for equipment and personnel, notes 1973-74. Appointments notes. and research, discussion and telephone costings NCUAGS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 263 H.352 format A4 allocation at EMBL. notes. Charts, lists etc. on staff and space Notes and correspondence on specific projects and appointments H.353 rDNA 1976-77. H.354 Neurobiology 1977-80. H.355 Membranes 1979. H.356 X-rays 1976-1979. H.357 Electron microscopy 1973-76. H.358 Instrumentation 1974, 1978. KENDREW'S APPOINTMENTS AND CAREER AT EMBL Project Leader appointment was authorised by EMBC on 15 October The took effect from 28 June 1972. 1971 and H.359 Correspondence and papers August-December 1971; resolution, offer of post, salary and conditions etc. includes formal NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 264 Director-General invite "the present Project Leader to assume the duties The Council of EMBL decided at its session of 10-11 October 1974 to of the Director-General". After various negotiations over salary, terms of service, pension rights etc. involving EMBL Council and contract was agreed for an appointment of three years MRC, with the possibility of a renewal for two periods of two years, with effect from 1 January 1975. the H.360 H.361 H.362 Correspondence August 1974 - April 1975. and papers, negotiations, contract, with EMBL Similar material, - July 1975. negotiations on secondment from MRC July 1974 Diplomatic status, privileges and immunities of Director-General of EMBL. H.363 Extension of contract 1977. H.364 H.365 H.366 H.367 Extension of contract 1979 (to January 1981) and 1981 (to 1982), October 1979 - October 1981. March pension rights at MRC etc. settlement at EMBL, leaving of his successor (L. Philipson, Papers and correspondence regarding Kendrew’s retirement and the with effect from 1 appointment April discussion report of Search Committee, possible notes and representations, "Konstanz" meeting on future direction of EMBL etc. H.344 for a little related correspondence. December 1977 - June Includes See 1982) 1982. Earlier correspondence and papers January 1974 - January 1975 on research plans of L. Philipson. Arrangements for leaving Heidelberg, of thanks and good wishes, some with reminiscences. farewell parties, letters NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 265 PERSONAL CORRESPONDENCE H.368 Kendrew’s 81. address lists, personal correspondence at EMBL 1974- H.369 Miscellaneous shorter personal correspondence 1976-82. DIRECTOR-GENERAL’S CORRESPONDENCE committees, Carbon copies of Kendrew'’s letters and telexes on all affairs of EMBL: etc. meetings, Includes with which committees Kendrew was and social occasions. conferences of other organisations academic little "personal" material invitations to relating to appointments, research, visitors a and involved, H.370 1975. H.371 1976. H.372 1977. H.373 1978. H.374 1979. H.375 1980. H.376 1981. H.377 1982. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 266 FINANCE COMMITTEE AND COUNCIL MINUTES includes presented at material The the meetings, some with annotations by Kendrew, and may also include correspondence preceding or arising from meetings, or Kendrew's manuscript notes of proceedings. full sets of papers H.378 H.379 Correspondence, notes, summaries of informal meetings of members of EMBL and EMBC Councils, 1975, 1976, 1977. Provisional Laboratory Council 5 July 1974. only.) (Notice and agenda H.380 Finance Committee (first meeting) 10 October 1974. H.381 Council (first meeting) 10-11 October 1974. H.382 Finance Committee 23 May 1975. H.383 Finance Committee 2-3 July 1975. H.384 Council 3-4 July 1975. H.385 Finance Committee 21 October 1975. H.386 Finance Committee 25-26 November 1975. H.387 Council 27 November 1975. H.388 Finance Committee 26 February 1976. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 267 H.389 Finance Committee 28-29 June 1976. H.390 Council 30 June 1976. H.391 Finance Committee 22-23 November 1976. H.392 Council 24 November 1976. H.393 Finance Committee 1 March 1977. H.394 Finance Committee 4-5 July 1977. H.395 Council 6 July 1977. H.396 Finance Committee 5-6 December 1977. H.397 Council 7 December 1977. H.398 Finance Committee 8-9 May 1978. H.399 Council 10 May 1978. H.400 Finance Committee 9 October 1978. H.401 Finance Committee 11-12 December 1978. H.402 Council 11-13 December 1978. H.403 Finance Committee 23 February 1979. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 268 H.404 Finance Committee 29-30 May 1979. H.405 Council 30-31 May 1979. H.406 Finance Committee 19-20 November 1979. H.407 Council 21 aeceabes 1979. H.408 Finance Committee 3 March 1980. H.409 Finance Committee 10-11 June 1980. H.410 Council 11 June 1980. H.411 Finance Committee 24 November 1980. H.412 Council 25 November 1980. H.413 Finance Committee 16 March 1981. H.414 Finance Committee 3 June 1981. H.415 Council 3 June 1981. H.416 Finance Committee 8-9 December 1981. H.417 Council 9 December 1981. NCUAGS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 269 SECTION J UK SOCIETIES, ORGANISATIONS, CONSULTANCIES J.1-J.176 J.1 BRISTOL UNIVERSITY J.2-.J3.12 BRITISH ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE (BAAS) J.13, J.14 BRITISH BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY J.15 BRITISH BROADCASTING CORPORATION SCIENCE CONSULTATIVE GROUP J.16 BRITISH COUNCIL J.17 BRITISH MUSEUM J.18 CAMPAIGN FOR BETTER BROADCASTING J.19 CIBA FOUNDATION J.20, J.21 COMMONWEALTH SCIENCE COUNCIL (CSC) NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 270 .22-J.66 COUNCIL FOR SCIENTIFIC POLICY (CSP) .67-J3.69 DESIGN RESEARCH UNIT .70-J5.94 HIGH ENERGY PARTICLE PHYSICS REVIEW GROUP (HEPP) 95 IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES LTD. (ICI) .96-J.98 MEDICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL (MRC) .99-J.103 MINISTRY OF DEFENCE .104-J.111 MINISTRY OF OVERSEAS DEVELOPMENT .112-J.116 QUEEN ELIZABETH HOUSE OXFORD .117-J.123 ROYAL INSTITUTION .124-J.176 ROYAL SOCIETY NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew BRISTOL UNIVERSITY Special Committee of Court 1982 271 1982 J.1 Correspondence, papers, memoranda, submissions, reports etc. for Special Committee of the University Court set up to consider the Kendrew was Chairman. future of the Department of Architecture. includes note drafts, comments and amendments on arrangements for and minutes of Material meeting on 26-27 June, report, correspondence sity), of correspondence November 1982. Committee's its report, Bristol Univer- submissions and representations from architects, schools local societies and other interested parties, May - and papers following Committee’s second meeting 29 July, of with D.C. Hodgkin (Chancellor, architecture, redrafts of report. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 272 BRITISH ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE (BAAS) 1965-66, 1972-76 of involved with the BAAS. the material relates to 1972-74 when Kendrew was Apart from a little earlier correspondence about lectures (J.2), most most deeply the invitation of the then President (Sir Vivian Fuchs) to allow his President name in 1973-74. at and gave the Presidential Address at the 1974 Annual Canterbury Meeting to accept the Presidency of Section X (General) in 1972-73. to go forward as President-Elect in 1972-73 and He was installed at the Annual Meeting in 1973 In March 1972 he accepted He was also invited, at Stirling. declined, but principal officials of the BAAS during Kendrew’s period The office, M. Pyke (Secretary and Chairman of Council), Saville (Assistant Secretaries). of with whom much of the correspondence is exchanged, were R.P. A.M. Hughes, The material deals with the general affairs of the and appointments, advise. staff as well as requests to Kendrew to lecture and BAAS, J.2 1965-66 Correspondence Ireland (first Hans Sloane Memorial Lecture) and Harrogate. L.148 for notes for Hans Sloane Lecture. Kendrew’s lectures BAAS for re in Northern See J.3 1972 Nomination Association Publications Committee. President-Elect, as election to Council, British 1973 January -August Miscellaneous arrangements for Annual Meeting at Canterbury and interview Southern Television. requests lecture, to join Study Groups; for 1973 September-December Appointments, staffing, funding, organisation. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 273 J.6 1973 September -December General correspondence on affairs of BAAS, Association Student Section (BASS) etc. formation of British 1974 January-July Appointments, awards, energy crisis, science policy research. organisation, proposed funding, BAAS working parties on nutritional BAAS film and television relief, 136th Annual Meeting at Stirling, 2-7 September 1974 and arrangements December 1974. Organisation Includes preliminary meetings and discussions with BAAS and with January University, draft planning 1973, programmes, budget etc. and "Launching Meeting" at Stirling visit to Stirling November ~- October later visit 1973, 1972 of Printed officers’ engagements. programme meeting, schedule of President’s and Arrangements doctorates on President and others. for Inaugural Meeting and conferment of honorary J.10 J.11 Invitations meeting. See also L.92. to speak, open sessions etc. during Stirling Kendrew's the Time". Presidential Address: "Science and the Challenge of l6pp. laneous manuscript notes, some with dates in July, August 1974. manuscript draft; typescript version; l6épp. miscel - J.12 1974-76 Appointments, talks by Kendrew in 1974, including the Stirling meeting. requests to lecture. See L.149 for lectures and NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 274 BRITISH BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY (BBS) 1959-81 See also:- INTERNATIONAL UNION OF PURE AND APPLIED BIOPHYSICS (IUPAB) K.46-K.52 ROYAL SOCIETY BRITISH NATIONAL COMMITTEE FOR BIOPHYSICS J.127-J.134 a of the it a as Committee Biophysics Organising Committee International joint meeting J.A.V. Butler), when At the meeting on 6 March 1959 a member of the latter). formed under the name "The Biophysical of Council of the Faraday Society (not of the Colloid and Biophysics Committee). was set up and met for the first time on 4 February Biophysics Chemistry Sub-committee of the Faraday Society as that the Sub-committee should be re-constituted The first steps towards the foundation of the Society were taken and at and Biophysical (Kendrew the attended was a resolved full Sub- A working committee party 1960 new (Chairman: of Society Great Kendrew Committee became The Steering Committee held 13 (formed from the Working Party). Biophysical meetings the Society first the Committee Society's as meeting Honorary Secretary until December 1962, his successor being D.D. elected Eley. Chairman in 1964 until February 1965 when he resigned because of pressure M.H.F. Wilkins. between 4 May 1960 (when the name British first Honorary Secretary of the Steering adopted) and 12 December 1961 which was held on 21 February 1962. the Committee 1963-65 and the first formal rules were approved, it was proposed that also meeting Butler continued as of other commitments, being succeeded by Chairman, and continued General Meeting. At this latter He served on and was was Annual be the a Society was Kendrew Britain". J.13 Minutes and committee papers 1959-66. Working 1-13, Includes early bulletins and newsletters, draft rules, Committee meetings 1-16. Party and Steering Committee meetings J.14 Correspondence on various affairs of the Society 1963-81. being Includes papers correspondence with Harrison (Chairman, 1981). correspondence 1964 on possibility of abstracts of BBS and Leeds, P.M. short account of the formation of BBS written on 21st anniversary meeting published in Journal of Molecular Biology, 1980-81 by at a NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 275 BRITISH BROADCASTING CORPORATION SCIENCE CONSULTATIVE GROUP 1964-67 J.15 The Group was set up in 1964 "to advise on the general nature of Pilkington programmes the Committee, under the Kendrew served from Chairmanship of Sir Alexander Haddow. inception of the Group until December 1967. of meeting on 29 consequence science" the May on and first as a had its Folder officials, programmes. includes BBC minutes and background papers, ideas and comments on correspondence colleagues with and BRITISH COUNCIL 1974-76 J.16 Sub-committee Society representative from 1974. on Interchange with France. Kendrew was Royal Brief correspondence and information only, 1974-76. also from Kendrew its first meeting November 1982 for three years (renewed October 1985). served on the Scientific Advisory Committee BRITISH MUSEUM 1974-79 served British Kendrew nomination of the President of the Royal Society for five years from April 1974. Trustee of the as a Museum the (A.L. Hodgkin) at_ J.17 Brief correspondence only, mainly letters of invitation to serve and of thanks at end of period. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew CAMPAIGN FOR BETTER BROADCASTING 276 1969 a pressure group launched in September 1969 This was attention "Broadcasting in the '70s". of the first public letter circulated by the group. draw report Kendrew was one of the signatories proposals BBC the set out the in to to J.18 Correspondence Director-General of BBC, background material etc. with secretary of the campaign arrangements for meetings, (N.R. Jones), memoranda, CIBA FOUNDATION 1965 Working Party on International Research Centres a and working member of the publications Kendrew was information organisations. his of (q.v.), an "you had better count me out of the exercise". contributed international Because Policy he felt that it was difficult for him to take that part and in July he suggested to the organiser The first meeting was on 25 March 1965. involvement however, concerning Scientific with the Council active party for and J.19 correspondence about meetings, Kendrew’s Mainly organisations, list and a copy of L. Kowarski’s paper "An account of the origins and beginnings of CERN" (1961). of publications dealing with international includes but NCUAGS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 277 COMMONWEALTH SCIENCE COUNCIL (CSC) 1983-84 Co-operation in the Commonwealth". August 1983 Kendrew was invited to chair a Task Force of the In of Commonwealth Science Council (CSC) on "An Expanded Programme The Task Force, Scientific 1983, later called an "Expert Group", and in April and May 1984 and its report was published in August Development". 1984 The was J.I. Furtado with whom much of the correspondence is exchanged. under the title "Science for Technology for Secretary of the Group, met in London in October and of the CSC, J.20 Notes and committee papers: First meeting, 24-25 October 1983. Agenda, "Tentative priority", notes of meeting, Kendrew's notes. Second meeting, 2-5 April 1984. Agenda, notes of meeting. Third meeting, 28-29 May 1984. Draft report, with some annotations by Kendrew. J.21 Correspondence and papers August 1983 - June 1985. invitation to serve, Includes of reference, arrangements for meetings, schedule of work, costings members, by of errata presentation of report at CSC Biennial meeting, and correspondence arising. composition of group, group Ottawa, projects, report terms draft and comments NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 278 COUNCIL FOR SCIENTIFIC POLICY (CSP) 1964-72 Report). for Its Education of Civil Science HMSO Cmnd was set up in 1965 by the Department of Council Science (DES) as a result of the Committee of Enquiry Organisation 1963 Education The into and (the the of Trend State his responsibilities for the formulation and execution of Government drawn scientific from the Research and was serviced by the DES. purpose was "to advise the and Councils and the University Grants Committee, It originally had fourteen members universities and industry, with assessors Secretary exercise policy". Science 2171, from the the in of The CSP began its activities in January 1965, through ad hoc working groups and committees, or Standing International Science and Technology. its Relations and on Human and Scientific collaborative, two working primarily some being joint on in Committees, Resources end in 1972. a member of CSP from its inception, Kendrew was of service being periodically renewed until the work of CSP came to Massey, an succeeded Dainton. the Kendrew was (ISR); Standing Committee on International Scientific Relations he as itemised at J.27-J.66. chaired or was a member of many of CSP’s working groups, Sir F.S. (later The first Chairman was Chairman from 1969, Harrie Lord) and Chairman his terms January Deputy from 1970 by of of the projects on which CSP was asked to advise Many international molecular proposals the subject of specific working groups. co-operation biology. The in various EMBO/EMBC/EMBL were thus under frequent discussion as well as_ fields, organisations involved including and being COUNCIL Appointment and membership of Correspondence Secretaries appointment membership of CSP, miscellaneous 1966-70. and papers 1964-72, mainly State (1964) for Education & of renewals and Science, service information on meetings; travel claims for meetings and with on 1967, successive Kendrew's 1972, also included are visits overseas NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 279 Correspondence and papers on CSP affairs J.23 J.24 1965. material on UGC and nuclear physics. corespondence and memoranda on Mainly EMBO; a little 1966-69. Committee on Science Policy to London September 1969; to North Africa; letter on CERN 300 GeV accelerator. material Includes visit on of Canadian Senate CSP visit J.25 1970. Visits and conferences. Overseas visits visits Official member. participants from CSP and host countries. CSP delegations of by Includes information, notes of which Kendrew was a discussions, J.26 Holland, 2-3 March 1967. Germany, May London 24-25 April). 9-11 1967 (and also visit by Wissenschaftrat to Italy (proposed visit 3-4 October 1968). Sweden, 13-15 April 1970. France, 4-6 November 1970. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew COMMITTEES AND WORKING GROUPS material relates to the committees and working This which Kendrew was a member or chairman, chronological order. and is groups presented Advisory Group on Fundamental Research 1965 280 of in was set up on 23 July 1965 with D.H.R. B.H. Flowers and Kendrew as members, report on "Fundamental research in to consider the Barton as chairman OECD of policy the This and draft government". J.27 Correspondence OECD comments prepared for Advisory Group. and papers July-August 1965. comments by Science Research report, Location of Research Councils 1965 Includes copy of Kendrew’s Council, J .28 involved Papers and correspondence on economic costs in travel, man-hours moved etc. out of London to e.g. Correspondence whose draft report is included, is principally with M.M. Swann, with comments by Kendrew. if headquarters of Research Councils were Manchester or Edinburgh. Biology Review 1965 by by the M.M. Swann on "The pattern starting-point for this seems to have been a memorandum research 1965 the need for a synoptic view". CSP to deal with biological and (organised by The February Britain: up Edinburgh (organised material The result was organisation CSP(BR)(65)1 a copy of which is retained at J.32. or N.M.V. Rothschild). of in Pilot surveys were set near research Cambridge the the as the determination of categories of the statistics. Kendrew and published relates of and Swann) in or by in near Much of to J. 29 M.M. Swann’s Edinburgh and by CSP, CSP account of project. memorandum February 1965, categories proposed at NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew J. 30 J.31 Correspondence, Cambridge departments and on processing the results. mainly with Rothschild, on questionnaire 281 for Correspondence questionnaire from colleagues. and papers on the Cambridge survey, replies to J. 32 Copy of report. Working group on molecular biology 1965-68 Kendrew was the Chairman of the group, some preliminary correspondence, the and recruitment Kingdom". of, research position present and which was set up, after in April 1966 "to enquire into teaching, future United plans for, the in molecular biology in group held 14 formal meetings and considered evidence The individuals consideration and published in July 1968 (HMSO Cmnd 3765). from for by the Council at its meeting on 9 February 1968, and organisations. Its report was submitted Membership Kornberg, Wilkins. the of A. Neuberger, group was: M.G.P. Stoker, J.L. Gowans, W. Hayes, M.M. Swann, M H.L. .H.F. Official papers Minutes January 1968. and notes of working group meetings 26 April 1966 - 16 group Working drafts for report, working group members. papers Includes and CSP(MB)(66)1_ - CSP(MB)(68)2. with comments and amendments by Kendrew General correspondence and papers Preliminary working group December 1965 - March 1966. correspondence setting up on and membership of .33 J. 34 J. 35 NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 282 J.36 J.37 J.38 J.39 J.40 J.41 published May-August 1966. papers molecular (Sheffield, Research Chemical Laboratory Cambridge). Institute, Leicester, biology progress lists of in institutions Beatty University Arrangements for literature search, and research reports in of at various UK universities and King’s College London, Chester University College London, June -November developmental biology; 1966. Definition of applied biology. "molecular biology"; February-November problems "focal centres") and their possible staff. "centres of defining Drafts, 1967. of comments and notes excellence" (later on the called February 1967 - January papers from H. Himsworth. 1968. Includes correspondence and February 1967 - May 1968. revisons, arrangements corrected proof of HMSO report). for Early drafts and comments for report, Kendrew's publication (includes Press comments and correspondence arising. J.D. Bernal term biology". "biology at the molecular level" instead ("Sage") objecting on historical grounds to use from of "molecular Includes note of Standing Committee on International Scientific Relations (ISR) were D.C. Martin, Council and 7 January 1966. The Chairman was on the members A Working Party on International Scientific Relations was set up Harrie by Massey H.W. R.I. Michaels and Sir Thompson, In a note of 16 March, the Chairman proposed a Frank Turnbull. standing Working Group with a representative membership from the the Department of Education & Science, the Foreign Office, CSP, of Royal Standing Technology. Committee thus formed, and was its Chairman 1970-72. Research Council and the P.M.S. Blackett, J. McAdam Clark, as a member continued Ministry Kendrew, Society, Kendrew Science the Sir of NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 283 Minutes J.42 Setting-up papers 1966, 2-3 1970. Minutes of meetings 3-6 1967, 1-2 1968, Background papers papers, of Miscellaneous scientific policy in UK international scientific collaboration, and elsewhere, some dealing specifically with European molecular Standing biology. Committee. Circulated members aspects reports etc. CSP ISR on all by to of J.43 1966. CSP(ISR) 6, 7, 10, 14, 16, 17, 19-21. J.44 1967. CSPCISR) 1-5, 7-15. J.45 1968. CSPC(ISR) 1, 2 J.46 1969. CSPC(ISR) 1-3, 5-9. J.47 1970. CSPC(ISR) 2-4, 12-18. included Also Scientific in July 1969 (Kendrew was a member), not otherwise documented. on Interchange CSP(SI) set up by the Standing Committee the report of Working Group here the is J.48 1971. CSPCISR) 1-12, 14, 15. J.49 1972. CSPCISR) 9, 12. CSP 36, 44. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 284 Working Party on the Proposed European Laboratory for Molecular Biology Working 1968 and Sir attitude CSP (J.50) J. Baddiley, were J.B. Adams, and formally set up on M.G.P. Stoker Chairman of further examination of was an "assessor", and there were assessors from the members A. Neuberger, "to consider what should be the UK Group was created on an initiative of EMBO proposal for a European laboratory; Harrie The 6 Massey, to December and to report to the The Chairman was Sir Harrie the Council for Scientific Policy". J.H. Massey H.W. Thompson; Humphrey , the Kendrew Medical Research Council and the Science Research Council. The Working Party’s report (March 1970) recommended UK participation subject programme, and the report was accepted by the Council at costing and site, In December 1971 a Working Group was its set J.G. Collingwood, "to P.B. Hirsch, consider Biology Laboratory in the light of (i) the proposed scientific programme and to report to the CSP". and (ii) the revised cost estimates; Its a reduction its After subsequent further discussions meeting in January 1972. on costings and research, the of State in May its recommendation that the UK should Secretary take part in the establishment of the Heidelberg laboratory and its outstations at Hamburg and Grenoble. meeting on 20 March. up S.L. Bragg R.R. Porter in costs and this was accepted by the Council at report indicated support for the laboratory, the Council finally submitted to UK contribution to a European M.G.P. Stoker as members Chairman and the scientific to with the Molecular and as and subject to Correspondence J.50 Includes 1968-71. suggesting setting-up correspondence 1969-71. letter from Sir Harrie Massey February 1968 later miscellaneous of Working Party, Notes, and meetings and decisions of CSP January-May 1972. correspondence and memoranda on the Bragg Working Group Minutes Working Party Meetings December 1968 - July 1970. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 285 Background Papers J.33 1968. CSP(EB) 1-6. J.54 1969. CSP(EB) 1-5. Js05 1970. CSP(EB) 1, 3-8. Council Minutes and Papers J.56 J.57 Minutes Working Group, final deliberations and recommendations. and papers March 1970 - May 1972 covering reception Party up and work of setting report, Bragg of Working Miscellaneous collection of CSP papers 1965-69 on international scientific with special reference to life sciences, biology of biology, EMBO and EMBL and similar matters A organisations, molecular and special interest to Kendrew. Working Group on research organisation ("Dainton Report") for was set up in 1970 under October organising and supporting the Group Working The of F.S. Dainton "to advise the Secretary of State, Chairmanship through the Council for Scientific Policy, on the most effective applied arrangements other scientific A.W. members The report of the Working Group was submitted in May Merrison. the 19715 new Research the advisory Advisory Board for the Research Councils). recommendations were the and responsible to the Secretary of State its Councils body replacement of the CSP pure training". T.L. Cottrell, of a (now postgraduate retention P.E. Kent research Kendrew, among were The and and and the by 1971 In Rothschild, Government October contractor The two from Lord on Staff, in submitted customer- of development". published the Government commissioned a Head of the Central Policy report Review 1971 research and development; this was "application principle to all applied research and recommended the and reports, by Rothschild and Dainton, were NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 286 1971 as a Green Paper "A in November Research together Government introductory recommendations allow involved with the scientific community". and memorandum, Development" the Government, for wide public debate and to both reports, time of (Cmnd.4814). Framework In while welcoming announced its intention for an the "to issues discuss the See Preparatory Group : Green Paper J.65, J.66. J.58 Minutes and notes of meetings November 1970 - April 1971. Ju59 Drafts of report, and Dainton; by Cmnd.4814 is included here for reference. some heavily revised and corrected by Kendrew comments and submissions by Research Councils and A copy of Some manuscript notes by Kendrew. individuals. Working Group on high flux neutron research the beam The on original research The Chairman terms of reference were "to science budget of the proposals for The Working Group was set up on 4 June 1971. was A.W. Merrison and the members were P.B. Hirsch, Kendrew and R.G. the West. flux effect neutron Research These Council's Forward Look; future were with provision regard and of implications a UK reactor or of taking a full share in the European building any reactor programme; other relevant aspects". contained and to report to the Council". the later broadened (September 1971) "to consider and to advise the Council on these and for high flux neutron beam costs, alternative relative the particularly advantages, research, future of required examine Science courses to the high the for the in several meetings Working After Group was unable to reach a consensus and confined its report to financial to Council feasibility. June 1971 - January 1972 original remit terms the the its on of Correspondence Correspondence and notes 1971-72 on Working Group. Earlier sources and neutron diffraction research 1965-70. correspondence with colleagues on high-flux neutron J. 60 J. 61 NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 287 Minutes J.62 Working Group meetings June 1971 - January 1972. Background papers J.63 Papers, submissions, drafts 1971-72. Tripartite meetings on international science the France, Britain which Kendrew attended in his capacity as CSP International Relations Committee. This was a series of informal meetings between and of held in meetings collaborative Behaviour research programme, Grenoble, astronomy etc. July discussed and October 1971, fields of research included various effort; March EMBL, July they and the Meetings 1972. suitable Brain the High Flux Reactor project Germany Chairman were The for and at J.64 Correspondence, notes of meetings, background papers 1971-72. Preparatory Group : Green Paper the and meeting submitted. Kendrew were CSP representatives at a Group's terms of reference were "to advise the formulation of views on the Green Paper (Cmnd.4814) in Dainton 1971 to arrange for the views of Research Councils and November The the CSP on the Green Paper to be assembled and CSP Preparatory in on general and the application of the customer/contractor principle to the Research Councils in particular". Its members were F.S. T.L. Cottrell, Kendrew, P.E. Dainton (Chairman), and Kent, submissions by the Group and the Research Councils, a meeting of of representatives Paper was State many (Cmnd.5046) Many of the Dainton Report's other representations and reports. of recommendations were accepted, the CSP to form a new advisory body. presented in July 1972 took note of these and the Lord Privy Seal and the Secretary including the reconstitution in March 1972. M.G.P. Stoker. A.W. Merrison, A.H. Bunting, Government meetings White After with held The NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 288 J.65 J.66 and by notes of meetings by the Minutes the Research Councils and others, submissions and comments, evidence given and Technology, meeting with Lord Privy Seal etc., some annotated by Kendrew. of Cmnd.5046. correspondence Preparatory Rothschild Committee Includes a little and a copy on Science to Select Group, comments, Press Report", others assembled by Kendrew. some memoranda and submissions on the circulated officially to the Preparatory "Rothschild Group, NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew DESIGN RESEARCH UNIT 289 1945-51 view to his acting as scientific In September 1945 Kendrew was approached by J.R.M. Brumwell with a Design Unit (a design company set up by Herbert Read in which Research Mischa and from reports on possible new developments and devices resulting scientific runs from September 1945 is almost entirely conducted with Brumwell . The to July 1951, Black was a Senior Partner). He contributed ideas correspondence, advances. adviser which to the J. 67 J. 68 Correspondence and papers. 1945-46. future Council of Industrial Design. design" contributed by Kendrew for an exhibition by Includes "Suggestions for the December 1948 - July 1951. made fibres and fabrics for Courtaulds. general series of 15 specific topics. scheme the theme of molecular Mainly relating to a project on man- a a Kendrew contributed and engineering (See J.69 below). on J. 69 Ideas and drafts submitted by Kendrew January-December 1949. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 290 HIGH ENERGY PARTICLE PHYSICS REVIEW GROUP (HEPP) 1983-85 The review group was commissioned jointly by the Advisory Board for the Research Councils (ABRC) and the Science and Engineering Research Group, whose terms of reference were: Kendrew was chairman of Council (SERC). the "(i) to review UK participation in the study of particle to necessarily carried out under international auspices; particular reference physics, with high-energy that (ii) to consider possible and extent of international collaboration, and the implications of to other areas of science." of the resources in whole or in future involvement, reallocation part role the State April for Education and Science The formation of the review group was announced by the Secretary of 22 Two meetings of the HEPP Support Group were held on March 1984. had 9 various fifteen locations, report, published in June 1985, recommended that Britain should remain a member of CERN until 1989 but subsequently only if significantly lower costs could be achieved. and 23 November 1984 and the Review Group 1985) itself in The considered written (Sir Keith Joseph) 1984 - 14 May submissions. meetings April and (19 on group, including preliminary material constitutes a full record of the activities of the The chairman's review minutes and papers of meetings, drafts and notes and briefings, evidence, amendments the correspondence the period report, press comment in UK and abroad (not all favourable) etc. Many documents bear Kendrew's notes, comments and annotations. of throughout of enquiry and following the and officials discussions, publication submissions colleagues report, with the the of of Correspondence and papers sent A chronological sequence of letters, material colleagues, scientific Ash particular (scientific consultant). members (member ) E.A. to of Kendrew by members of the memoranda, submissions and public, in Llewellyn-Smith general review group, C.H. the and J.70 December 1983 - March 1984. Early announcement, foreign reactions. discussions, membership, terms of reference, formal 291 for to and NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew J.71 29 March - June 1984. J.72 July-December 1984. J.73 January, February 1985. J.74 March-November 1985. final comments Includes publication, Parliamentary comment arising from publication. Scientific press conference, on draft and Committee, correspondence report, arrangements Kendrew's address Meetings and visits HEPP Support Group meetings 9 April, 23 November 1984. Index of HEPP (84) papers. Meetings 1-3 April-June 1984. Fourth meeting July 1984. Fifth meeting September 1984. Visit to CERN October 1984. Sixth meeting October 1984. Seventh meeting November 1984. Eighth meeting December 1984. Index of HEPP (85) papers. Ninth meeting January 1985. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 292 J.83 Tenth meeting January 1985. J.84 Visit to Hamburg and Bonn January-February 1985. J.85 Eleventh meeting February 1985. J.86 Twelfth meeting March 1985. J.87 Thirteenth meeting April 1985. J.88 Fourteenth and fifteenth meetings May 1985. J.89 Submitted evidence on HEPP (Cambridge, Stanford Universities). Press and broadcast comments : articles, editorials, correspondence, transcripts. by Secretariat Circulatedperiodically J.90 December 1983 - April 1984. J.91 July-November 1984. J.92 April-May 1985. Press release, arrangements for Press conference, June 1985. J.93 June 1985 (post-publication comment). J.94 June 1985 - February 1987. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES LTD. (ICI) 293 1950 .95 Brief for a film strip on salt, produced for schools by ICI, 1950. on drawings of cells made by Kendrew correspondence etc. MEDICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL (MRC) 1964-82 was a member of the MRC staff from the opening of material here is thus only for "Unit Kendrew original Biological Systems" in 1947 until he retired, to fraction of the work done under MRC auspices. C and D. the Study of the EMBL, 1982. The in Molecular after Structure the of secondment small See also sections a J. 96 97 J. 98 correspondence, Papers, centrifuges and their applications in biological research 68. survey reports, meetings on high speed 1964- Subcommittee visit to Laboratory of Molecular March 1971. Arrangements, schedule, comments (very favourable) on the Biophysics presentations, the work of MRC Oxford, Kendrew's laboratory. Letter 1979, 1979. following MRC Subcommittee visit to EMBL in comments with See also H.288. on research programme and February May progress, Letter from Secretary (J.L. Gowans) on Kendrew’s retirement from MRC staff, April 1982. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew MINISTRY OF DEFENCE 294 1960-74 April 1960 Kendrew was asked by Adviser to the Minister, In Scientific time Scientific Adviser for two days a week, negotiations this was agreed in April 1961. the research, panels and committees such as the Defence Research Committee. Chief part- various In 1963 he resigned scientific while continuing to serve as an independent member on appointment in order to devote more time to his S. Zuckerman, then to accept a post as and after and was by fees though Council Research therefore (other than expenses) for his work for to be in government employment and hence not the Throughout this period Kendrew remained a member of staff of the the Medical eligible Treasury for Ministry scientific even Kendrew felt that this created a situation not only specialism. colleagues anomalous but but involved in similar work, a without colleague in the Ministry "a deplorable piece of jiggery-pokery" (J.100). and attempted to argue the case, latter was unconnected inequitable University with his vis-a-vis Treasury decision success, deemed termed being the the by J.99 1960-61. negotiations with Ministry and MRC. Correspondence including Kendrew’s appointment, 1963. part-time appointment with effect from 31 December. Correspondence including Kendrew's decision to resign his J.100 1964-65. his work for the Ministry. Correspondence on Kendrew's eligibility for fees for Included here are Kendrew’s notes of meetings and travel for the Ministry 1960-67 (compiled for expenses). J.101 J.102 J.103 General Research Committee etc. 1964-68. correspondence, arrangements for meetings, Defence Correspondence advances suitable for inclusion in a "Time Capsule" 1964-65. suggestions European about and scientific correspondence, Advisory to General Undersea Defence Warfare Board (March 1969), various committee and Board meetings Council 1969-72, 1974. thanks at end of Chairmanship Chairmanship appointment Kendrew's including Council letter and its of of of NCUAGS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 295 MINISTRY OF OVERSEAS DEVELOPMENT 1976-84 United Kingdom National Commission for UNESCO aspects of UNESCO’s work, The functions of the Commission were to advise the Government on to assist UNESCO in formulation, all planning and execution of projects and to promote understanding It had five Advisory in the UK of UNESCO's aims and activities. Committees, education, culture, communication, their chairmen, together natural sciences and social sciences; with Co- The chairmen were appointed by the Minister ordinating Council. for Overseas Development, chairman of the Commission. Commission's ex-officio members, dealing formed with the the attended meetings of the Commission in his capacity as Kendrew chairman He was chairman of the Natural Sciences Advisory Committee and hence of the Co-ordinating Council. of the Royal Society UNESCO Committee (q.v.). includes material The organisation accounts of applications for funding under the UNESCO, and aspects of UK policy towards UNESCO. and and structure of the Commission, meetings and the biennial General the briefings for or UK "Participation Programme" of correspondence Conference, papers on J.104 1976. J.105 1977. J.106 1978. Includes renewal of Kendrew'’s appointments. J.107 1979, J.108 1980, 1981. J.109 1982. J.110 1983. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 296 Jw1ll 1984. of thanks on Kendrew’s retirement from Commission. Includes material on UK policy towards UNESCO, and letter QUEEN ELIZABETH HOUSE OXFORD (QEH) 1982-86 Development University of Oxford, members of the Governing Body Royal Charter in 1951 to encourage Commonwealth studies Overseas to withdraw its financial support after for Elizabeth House was an independent foundation established Queen by and visits by members of the Commonwealth, and to provide links with being the In appointed by Her Majesty’s Government and by the university. 1983 announced its the 1984, intention future and activities the university in March 1983 at the request of the Governing Body to consider to Agricultural merge Economics for agricultural development economics. with the two University Institutes future of QEH and an agreed plan was A committee was set up by and funding of QEH. Administration Commonwealth possibilities international March the to create Studies were discussed a centre studies and evolved various QEH the and and of the President of the Governing Body was Lord Trend Kendrew was co-opted as a member of the Governing Body of QEH in his appointment being renewed in June 1986 until December 1982, At this July 1987 when he retired as President of St. John’s. (later time was by succeeded coincided A. Hazlewood. He with chaired a Working Party set up by the Governing Body in November for 1983 future activities in the light of the proposed merger. Sir The early period of Kendrew’s service difficult transitional phase in a financial review and make Cowen) and the suggestions affairs. conduct Warden Zelman QEH’s QEH the of to The material includes letters and memoranda addressed to Kendrew Other personally, and relevant committee and discussion papers. and background papers are held in the Archives of the committee University. J.112 December 1982 - June 1983. J.113 July 1983 - February 1984. NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew 297 J.114 Reports January, February 1984. J.115 February-June 1984. J.116 October 1984 - June 1986. of QEH. United Including material on Nations University in Refugee Studies participation Programme at NCUACS 11/4/89 J.C. Kendrew ROYAL INSTITUTION 298 1954-68 was Cavendish a Reader at the Davy Faraday Laboratory Kendrew At this time the Fullerian Professor of Chemistry and 1954-68. Director of the Royal Institution was Sir Lawrence Bragg who had Cambridge been the 1938-53 early on DNA and the start of the MRC Unit and the protein analysis by Perutz and Kendrew. years of molecular research there including the thus head of the Cavendish Laboratory Professor of Experimental Physics at by Watson and Crick, Research during work and his and launch move there, move to London, preferably full-time, maintaining his college Bragg was much concerned to a On productive research programme at the Davy Faraday Laboratory and made strenuous efforts during 1954 and 1955 to persuade Kendrew to head a protein group. to Kendrew, He made several approaches to Kendrew and also to MRC. preferred to remain based in Cambridge as an MRC staff however, he member, collaborative accepted a research with erystallographer There was frequent interchange of D.C. Phillips London and visits, The culminating in joint publications. Cambridge laboratories, here correspondence on research projects and progress preserved fuller should complementary documentation in Section C. and protein analysis (in which Bragg had a particular interest), connection. close Readership on a programme results between the and his team. principally conjunction specimens, conducted consulted Instead with much data and be in the a as J.117 J.118 J